• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.875-880
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• 2008

In this paper, we deal with the TLP evaluation results for GGNMOS in ESD protection device of conventional CMOS process. An evaluation parameter for GGNMOS is that repeatability evaluation for reference device($W/L=50\;{\mu}m1.0\;{\mu}m$) and following factors for design as gate width, number of finger, present or not for N+ gurad -ring, space of N-field region to contact and present or not for NLDD layer. The result of repeatability was showed uniformity of lower than 1 %. The result for design factor evaluation was ; 1) gate width leading to increase It2, 2) An increase o( finger number was raised current capability(It2), and 3) present of N+ gurad-ring was more effective than not them for current sink. Finally we suggest the optimized design conditions for GGNMOS in evaluated factor as ESD protection device of conventional CMOS process.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.280-285
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• 2000

It is very important to evaluate the surface or subsurface microstructure because of their influences on mechanical properties of materials. Surface SH-wave which is horizontally polarized shear wave traveling along near surface and subsurface layer is an attractive technique for material evaluation. The destructive method is widely used for the estimation of material degradation but it has a great difficulty in preparing specimens from in-service industrial facilities. In this study, nondestructive evaluation for degraded structural materials used at high temperature though surface SH-wave method is discussed. 2.25Cr-1Mo steel specimens which were prepared by the isothermal aging heat treatment at $650^{\circ}$ were evaluated though ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation techniques investigating the change of sound velocity, attenuation coefficient and amplitude spectra. In addition, it has verified experimentally the frequency-dependence of attenuation coefficient though wavelet analysis method.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.483-490
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• 2012

현재의 친환경인증평가 과정은 전통적 수작업에 의한 평가방법으로 많은 시간과 인력을 필요로 하며 평가자의 경력과 주관에 따라 평가 결과에 영향을 끼치게 된다. 이러한 문제점의 해결방안중의 하나로 평가과정을 시스템화하여 평가에 대한 객관성을 부여함으로써 평가결과에 대한 신뢰성을 높일 수 있으며 처리과정의 오류방지나 시간 절약등의 효과를 높일 수 있는 방안이 필요하게 되었다. 따라서 현재 건축설계에 도입되고 있는 BIM 방식의 설계정보를 이용하여 자동화된 친환경인증평가 시스템의 구축 가능성을 타진하고 가능한 분야에 대한 평가시스템을 구축함으로써 친환경인증평가 시스템화의 기반을 마련하고자 하였다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2020

In South Korea, problems caused by material deterioration of time-worn concrete structures have been increased recently. Because severe material deterioration could damage the structure's safety, it's important to evaluate the old structure's condition and structural capacity regularly to keep its proper performance. The safety evaluation of concrete structures has been initiated and performed periodically since 1995 according to a guideline in accordance with a law in Korea. The guideline prescribes the evaluation types, intervals and methods of the target structure. A lot of cost and labor have been invested every year to carry out the regular safety evaluation. However, it's not clear that the current manual could inspect the old structure's condition and assess the structural capacity precisely. Thus, the verification study initiated to figure out the Korean safety evaluation manual's practicalness. First, the Korean manual was analyzed and then compared with that of other countries for concrete bridges which are representative concrete structure. After that, the previously written evaluation reports were collected and analyzed to find out how the safety evaluation has been carried out. Based on the study results, the parts requiring verification of the manual were drawn. A research program is in progress in order to verify the parts by performing tests with actual structural members from decommissioned concrete bridges.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2001

Recently, to assure the integrity of a structural components such as piping pressure vessels and thinning structure, Lamb wave inspection technique has been used in material evaluation. It is very important to select the optimal Lamb wave mode and to analyze the signal accurately because of its unique dispersion properties grnerating several modes within the speci-men. It this study, the feasibility of material evaluation applications using wavelet analysis of Lamb wave has been veir-fied experimentally. These results show as follows; 1)dispersion characteristic of each mode in dispersion curve is demon-strated that A0 mode propagating material surface is useful mode having the lest energy loss and not sensitive to surface condition. 2) it can be detected even the micro defect ($1\times2mm$) fabricated in ultrasonic probe flaw distance (290mm) to axis direction. 3) the wavelet transform which is called "time-frequency analysis" shows the Lamb wave propagation due to the change of materials characterization can be evaluated at each frequency and experimental group velocity of Lamb wave agrees quite well with that of simulated dispersion curve.ion curve.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.268-273
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• 2001

Fossil power plants operated in high temperature condition are composed of components such as turbine, boiler, and piping system. Among these components, turbine blades made with 12%Cr steel operate at a temperature above $500^{\circ}C$. Due to the long term service, turbine blades experience material degradation manifested by change in mechanical and microstructural properties. The need to make life assessment and to evaluate material degradation of turbine blade is strongly required but in reality, there is a lack of knowledge in defining failure mechanism and fundamental data for this component. Therefore, in making life assessment of turbine blade, evaluation of material degradation must be a priority. For this purpose, evaluation of toughness degradation is very important. The major cause of toughness degradation in 12Cr turbine blade is reported to be critical corrosion pitting induced by segregation of impurity elements(P etc.), coarsening of carbide, and corrosion, but the of materials for in-service application. In this study, the purpose of research is focused on evaluating toughness degradation with respect to operation time for 12%Cr steel turbine blade under high temperature steam environment and quantitatively detecting the degradation properties which is the cause of toughness degradation by means of non-destructive method, electrochemical polarization.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2001

In order to prevent the possibility of mixing of metal powder during food grinding processing with the metal roll mill this study was conducted to develope the materials of ceramics roll as a substitute of gray cast iron mill. Since the ceramics is brittle material and can be broken easily by a crack, it was needed to develope engineering ceramics roll materials with high elastic modulus and fracture toughness. Adding 0∼50 wt% Al$_2$O$_3$as densification additives to porcelain body material and forming the ceramics an different condition, mechanical properties were evaluated. The material structure’s densification process was analyzed by SEM and XRD. The evaluation of the mechanical properties of ceramics roll materials were compared and analyzed by non-destructive test using Young’s modulus and destructive test using 3-point bending strength and fracture toughness. The results showed several correlative results. Porcelain body material with 40 wt% Al$_2$O$_3$content heated at 1,200$\^{C}$ for 5h was high bulk density of 2.77, Young’s modulus of 118.4Gpa, 3-point bending strength of 137 MPa and fracture toughness of 2.88 MPa$.$m$\^$$\sfrac{1}{2}$/ . After analyzing the relationship between non-destructive test and destructive test, the coefficient of determination was more than 0.9. Therefore, the evaluation of non-destructive test by ultrasonic was turned out to be feasible in evaluating the mechanical properties of ceramics.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1015-1026
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• 2006

The purpose of the study were to find out (1) the effect of motives on perceiver's image perception on ramie fabrics, and perceiver's trait, age and gender on sensory image evaluation of ramie fabrics. The research was a quasi experiment and experimental materials developed for the study were a set of material stimuli and semantic differential scales to measure sensory image of the stimuli, an aesthetic value scale. the independent design was motif design techniques(Plain Weave, burnt-out, embroidery, stripe, check). The subjects were 421 adults in Daejeon and Seachun. The results was as follows: The factor analysis of semantic differential scales for the ramie materials emerged 4 different image dimensions: attractiveness, hand, elegance, weight). The five design techniques showed significantly different image affects on some selective dimensions. The burn-out design gave the most attractive image, the embroidery design gave the softest image and plain weaved fabric presented the lightest hand image. Consumer's aesthetic values, gender and age tended to affect sensory image evaluation of ramie materials. On conclusion the result revealed that design strategy for the ramie material, design development though motives will be an essential process. and for material design pursued design image and target consumer's trait should be carefully considered.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2018

This study is conducted to evaluate the performance of ceramic panels and painting materials for humidity control which are developed in non-plastic room temperature hardening structure as part of a project to improve a residential environment for the low-income class, rather than the performance of high-priced humidity control materials that are produced with the existing plasticity processing. The testing methods included the measurements of absorption & desoprtion of humidity per material; Mock-up Testing; an evaluation method of comparing the absorption & desoprtion performances of Ecocarat, ceramic panels and painting materials through Living Lab. According to the measurements of absorption & desoprtion per material, ceramic panels, E panel, and ceramic painting material showed 73.3g/m2, 96.6g/m2, and 111.1g/m2, respectively. That is, the performance of humidity control of each material was found to be good in the order of: Ceramic Paint > E panel > Ceramic Panel. According to performance evaluation testing with Mock-up test and Living Lab, Ceramic Paint, Ecocarat, and Ceramic Panels showed better absorption & desoprtion performances in the order.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.343-349
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• 2013

식물추출물 후추 추출물과 카시아 오일, 라벤더 오일을 이용하여 친환경유기농자재로 개발 중인 제품으로 배추좀나방 방제에 이용할 수 있는 후추 추출물+카시아 오일 57.5% (후보제형 A), 후추 추출물+카시아 오일 57% (후보제형 B), 후추 추출물+라벤더 오일 50% (후보제형 C) 유제의 생태에 대한 급성독성을 평가하여 친환경농자재 시제품으로서의 활용가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 물벼룩 급성독성을 실시한 결과 후보제형 A 및 C 유제의 $EC_{50}$은 각 0.46, 0.25 mg $L^{-1}$로 EPA 기준으로 강한 독성이었고, 후보제형 B 유제의 $EC_{50}$는 1.9 mg $L^{-1}$로 보통독성이었다. 잉어 급성독성 시험의 경우, 후보제형 A 유제의 $LC_{50}$가 1.9 mg $L^{-1}$으로 농촌진흥청 고시에 따라 어독성 II급 농약이었으며 후보제형 B, C 유제는 2.9, 3.8 mg $L^{-1}$로 어독성 III급 농약으로 구분되었다. 꿀벌 급성독성시험은 접촉과 섭식 시험으로 나누어서 실시하였고, 후보 3종 모두 접촉과 섭식독성 $LD_{50}$가 100 ${\mu}g$ a.i $bee^{-1}$ 이상으로 나타나 독성이 낮은 것으로 판단되었다. 지렁이 급성독성시험의 경우, 후보제형 A, B 및 C 유제의 $LC_{50}$가 각각 887, 988, 564 mg $kg^{-1}$이었다. 후추 추출물+카시아 오일 57% (후보제형 B), 후추 추출물+라벤더 오일 50% (후보제형 C) 유제는 어독성 및 꿀벌 급성독성이 낮아 친환경 농자재로서 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료되었다.