• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 2000

Objective: Several water channels (aquaporins; AQP) that belong to the MIP (major intrinsic protein) family have identified. In the selected tissues including red blood cells or renal tubules, water movements are abundant and/or physiologically important. Unexpectedly, a high water permeability of human and ram sperm has been reported. Recent studies showed that AQP7 and AQP8 are present in testes, so that the high water permeability of human sperm suggested to be mediated by AQPs. Method: To identify the identity of aquaporins expressed in testes, RT-PCR was performed using degenerative primers, which were designed to correspond to highly conserved sequences surrounding the Asn-Pro-Ala (NPA) motifs in the aquaporins. New expressed AQP series were reconfirmed by immunohistochemical study using rabbit polyclonal antibodies. Results: DNA sequencing of PCR products revealed that AQP2 and AQP3 mRNA as well as AQP7 and AQP8 are expressed in human and rat testes. In human and rat testes, AQP2 are expressed in spermatozoa, interstitial cells and myofibroblasts and AQP3 are expressed in myofibroblasts of semineferous tubules on immunocytochemical stain. Conclusion: These results indicate that multiple aquaporins are expressed in testes, and that they may have important roles in the spermatogenesis and the germ cell function of testis.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.63-72
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was designed to examine the effect of Ecklonia cava on expressing of blood lipids and UCP-1 of brown adipose tissue(BAT) in zucker rats. Methods : Experimental groups were divided into 3 groups: normal group, control group and sample group for 7 separate rats as expriment. Control and sample groups were genetrically modified obesity. All groups didn't impose restrictions on food and water. And we gave a ecklonia cava to sample group for 6 weeks. Ecklonia cava was examined in effects of blood glucose, insulin concentration and UCP-1 in brown adipose tissue. Results : 1. Control and sample groups were increased in weight. But, sample group was decreased as compared to control group. 2. Sample group was decreased significantly as compared to control group with insulin concentration, HOMA, TG, FFA. 3. Sample group was increased significantly as compared to control group with UCP-1 mRNA. Conclusions : Based on these results, it was proved that Ecklonia cava on obesity effects in decreasing blood lipids, increasing UCP-1 of brown adipose tissue.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.241-247
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• 2016

Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) are well-defined role as unique cytokine and critical mediator in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases. In this study, we isolated and characterized a full-length of MIF cDNA from the abalone (Haliotis discus hannai). The full-length cDNA of abMIF was of 1264 bp, consisting of a 5'-terminal UTR of 143 bp, an open reading frame of 360 bp and a 3-terminal UTR of 761 bp. The abalone MIF cDNA encodes a 119-amino acid polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 13.4 kDa and isoelectric point of 9.07. Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analysis with the deduced abalone MIF protein and showed strong homology with disk abalone (Haliotis discusdiscus). The deduced amino acid sequence of abMIF exhibited homology with other reported MIFs, such as 80%, with that of other disk abalone H. discus discus MIF gene. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that abMIF was highly expression observed in hapatopacreas, intestine, foot, and gonad of normal conditioned abalone. Even though AbMIF mRNA level in hemocytes was low under the normal condition, it was sharply up-regulated and reached the maximum at 6 h post-infection with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and then decreased at 24 h post-infection. This result indicates that abMIF plays an important role in responding in the innate immune system.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.402-406
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• 2008

Previously, we have shown that 1-furan-2-yl-3-pyridin-2-yl-propenone (FPP-3) has an anti-inflammatory activity in a rat paw-edema model. In the present study, we investigated an inhibitory effect of FPP-3 on the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\apha}$-induced inflammatory cytokine response in HT-29 human colon epithelial cells. Treatment with FPP-3 significantly prevented the TNF-${\apha}$-induced attachment of leukocytes to HT-29 colon epithelial cells, which is one of the pathologic hallmarks in colon inflammation. The effect of FPP-3 was markedly superior than that of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), a commonly used drug for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The pretreatment with FPP-3 inhibited TNF-${\apha}$- induced monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, interleukin (IL)-8 mRNA expressions. In addition, FPP-3 significantly suppressed TNF-${\apha}$-induced nuclear factor (NF)-${\kappa}B$ transcription activity. These results demonstrate that FPP-3 modulates intestinal inflammation via suppressing the NF-${\kappa}B$ dependent expressions of MCP-1 and IL-8, and suggest that FPP-3 may be a valuable agent for the treatment of IBD.

• Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1987.07a
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• pp.261-282
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• 1987

Plants store a significant amount of their nitrogen, sulfur and carbon reserves as storage proteins in seed tissues. The major proteins present in rice seeds are the glutelins. Glutelins are initially synthesized at 4-6 days postanthesis and deposited into protein bodies via Golgi apparatus. Based on nucleic acid sequences and Southern blot analysis, the three isolated glutelin genomic clones were representative members of three gene subfamilies each containing 5 to 8 copies. A comparison of DNA sequences displayed by relevant regions of these genomic clones showed that two subfamilies, represented by clones, Gt1 and Gt2, were closely, related and probably evolved by more recent gene duplication events. The 5' flanking and coding sequences of Gt1 and Gt2 displayed at least 87% homolgy. In contrast, Gt3 showed little or no homolgy in the 5' flanking sequences upstream of the putative CAAT boxes and exhibited significant divergence in all other portions of the gene. Conserved sequences in the 5' flanking regions of these genes were identified and discussed in light of their potential regulatory role. The derived primary sequences of all three glutelin genomic clones showed significant homology to the legume 11S storage proteins indicating a common gene origin. A comparison of the derived glutelin primary sequences showed that mutations were clustered in three peptide regions. One peptide region corresponded to the highly rautable hypervariable region of legume peptide region of legume 11S storage proteins, a potential target area for protein modification. Expression studies indicated that glutelin mRNA transcripts are differentially accumulated during endosperm development. Promoterss of Gt2 and Gt3 were functional as they direct transient expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in cultured plant cell.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2009

Angiogenesis is essential for solid tumor growth and progression. Among the pro-angiogenetic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), also known as vascular permeability factor, is the most important as a mitogen for vascular endothelium. The VEGF family of molecules currently consists of six growth factors, VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGF-E, and placenta growth factor(PlGF). Over-expression of PlGF is associated with angiogenesis under pathological conditions such as ischemia, inflammation, and cancer. Hence, the goal of this study is to identify the correlation of clinicopathlogical factors and the up-regulation of PlGF expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. We studied the immunohistochemical staining of PlGF, PlGF gene expression and a real time quantitative RT-PCR in 20 specimens of 20 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. The results were as follows. 1. In the immunohistochemical study of poorly differentiated and invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma, the high level staining of PlGF was observed. And the correlation between immunohistopathological PlGF expression and histological differentiation of specimens was significant (Pearson correlation analysis, significance [r] >0.6, P < .05). 2. In the PlGF gene RT-PCR analysis, PlGF expression was more in tumor tissue than in adjacent normal tissue. Paired-samples analysis determined the difference of PlGF mRNA expression level between the cancer tissue and the normal tissue (Student's t - test, P < .05) These findings suggest that up-regulation of the PlGF gene may play a role in progression and local metastasis in invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.51-65
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• 2000

Extracellular matrix component is degraded by enzymes of thematrix metalloproteinases(MMPs). MMPs are produced by both hemopoietic and structural cells. Increased activity of MMP-3 in periodontium is strongly associated with inflammatory periodontal disease. The purpose of the present study was to estimate the effect of BMP-7 on regeneration of periodontium. The optical density was measured by microwell plate reader at 450 nm.The difference of the optical density and the relative activity ofMMP-3 according to the concentration were statistically analyzed by one way ANOVA. The results were as follows: 1. Tetracycline-HCl showed the tendency to inhibit the activity of MMP-3 at the concentration lower than $25{\mu}g/ml$. 2. Doxycycline-HCl inhibited significantly the activity of MMP-3 at the concentration lower than $100{\mu}g/ml$. 3 . Minocycline-HCl inhibited the activity of MMP-3 at the concentration in the range of 10 to 200${\mu}g/ml$. Within the limit of the present study, the above results suggested that bone morphogenetic protein-7 may play a important role in development of periodontium.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.1 s.32
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• pp.201-208
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• 2007

RBL-2H3 cell line을 이용하여 백선피의 항알레르기 효과를 알아보기 위하여 PMA와 A23187로 자극한 후 RBL-2H3 내의 과립에 Histamine와 같이 존재하는 ${\beta}-hexosaminidase$의 유출량의 억제 정도 및 합성된 후 분비되는 $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-4의 합성조절 정도를 살펴본 결과, 백선피는 세포생존율에는 영향을 미치지 않고 백선피의 농도가 증가함에 따라 ${\beta}-hexosaminidase$의 세포 위로의 유출을 억제하였으며, 또한 알레르기 반응과 밀접한 관련이 있는 사이토 카인 중에 하나인 $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-4의 mRNA 수준에서의 발현의 조절을 통한 합성도 감소하였다. 이 결과로 보아 백선피는 알레르기와 관련된 질환에 응용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 2016

This study was to investigate effect of progesterone ($P_4$) on prostaglandin (PG) synthases and plasminogen activators (PAs) system in bovine endometrium during estrous cycle. Endometrium tissues were collected from bovine uterus on follicular and luteal phase and were incubated with culture medium containing 0 (Control), 0.2, 2, 20 and 200 ng/ml $P_4$ for 24 h. The $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ synthase (PGFS), $PGE_2$ synthase (PGES), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), urokinase PA (uPA), and PA inhibitors 1 (PAI-1) mRNA in bovine endometrium were analyzed using reverse transcription PCR and PA activity was measured using spectrophotometry. In results, COX-2 was higher at 2 ng/ml $P_4$ group than control group in luteal phase (p<0.05), but, it did not change in follicular phase. Contrastively, PGES was significantly increased in 2 ng/ml $P_4$ group compared to control group in follicular phase, but there were no significant differ among the treatments in luteal phase. uPA was no significant difference between $P_4$ treatment groups and control group in both of different phase. PAI-1 was decreased in 20 ng/ml $P_4$ group compared to control group in follicular phase (p<0.05). PA activity was decreased in 2 ng/ml $P_4$ group compared to other groups in follicular and luteal phase (p<0.05). In conclusion, we suggest that $P_4$ may influence to translation and post-translation process of PG production and PA activation in bovine endometrium.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.1233-1240
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• 2006

We have recently demonstrated that Siegesbeckia glabrescens(SG), a herbal medicine, induces apoptosis via nitric oxide(NO) production in human aortic smooth muscle cells(HASMCS). However, the molecular pathways involved in SG-mediated apoptosis are not fully understand. In the present study, we investigated the cellular mechanisms of SG-induced apoptosis in HASMCS. SG induced NO production through inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) induction. The apoptotic effect of SG was attenuated by L-NNA, a NOS inhibitor. In the presence of L-NNA, the degradation of procaspase-3 by SG was inhibited. SG treatment induced a decrease in Bcl-2 expression but did not affect the expression of Bax. In addition, SG treatment evoked both down-regulation of PKC ${\alpha}$ and inhibition of PKC ${\alpha}$ phosphorylation. These downregulations were reversed by addition of L-NNA. It seems likely to De a downregulation of PKC${\alpha}$ due to long term treatment with PMA. Taken together, these results suggest that apoptotic effects of SG may be due to NO production via iNOS mRNA expression. Furthermore, Bcl-2 and PKC${\alpha}$ downregulation, and caspase-3 activation may be involved in the mechanisms for apoptotic effects by SG.