• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.289-292
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• 2009

Mongolia has 80% livestock of total agriculture industry, 170,000 farms are engaged, 2,500,000 of cows that were beef and dairy cows are raised. Despite of Mongolian has great application with milk, there are not clear differences between cow and dairy cattle, and the production of milk is also low. But the milk suppliers are varied (horse, sheep, goat, etc), so that the total milk production is 500 thousand ton per year. It's really considerable to improve the breed of owing to many problems with big differences among milk qualities. For carrying out for first year project, artificial insemination project was operated with 3rd grade Holstein semen that were imported from S. Korea, and initiation and field training were also carried out through appropriate AI technique we developed for Mongolia environment. Local information research and MOU conclusion were done with professor D. Altangerel in May $10^{th}{\sim}13^{th}$, 2009, and development for AI technique and AI equipments were supplied for Mongolia breeding and natural environment in July $10^{th}{\sim}17^{th}$ in 2009. All cows were treated by synchronization for AI. To do this, $PGF_{2\alpha}$ injection were treated for luteal phase cow, if it wouldn't work, try again after 11 days. After confirmation of estrus, AI and AI training were carried out with sperm injection in the uterus or cervix by rectum-vagina method which is common worldwide, the most effective artificial insemination technique. If cows were return to next estrus cycle, second AI was carried out about approximately 21 days after artificial insemination. After 2 months, all cows not showing return estrus should be taken pregnancy test. Every pregnant cow will be cared thoroughly. Total 48 cows administrated by $PGF_{2\alpha}$ for synchronization and after 48 hours 45 cows (93.8%) showing estrus were detected and then artificial inseminate them within who 8 cows (27.8%) showed return estrus. Therefore, Using $PGF_2{\alpha}$ for synchronization is effective to use for Mongolia breeding conditions. There are possibility of base for food production after all, including increase of livestock production in Mongolia by improvement of breeding cow with AI and embryo transfer project.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.213-224
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• 2016

Non-conventional resource and alternative energy were researched for predicting oil peak. In this study, one of many non-conventional resources, specifically oil-sands, was investigated due to the increasing interest of oil-sands plant modularization in permaforst areas for reducing the construction periods through modular transportation while limiting local construction workers. Hence, tehcnological trends were analyzed for oil-sand plant modularization. Data used were between 1994 and 2015 for patent analysis while targets included Korea, US, Japan, Europe and Canada. Technology classification system consisted of mining, steam assisted gravity drainage(SAGD), separation/upgrading/tailors ponds, module design/packaging, module transportation and material/maintenance. Result of patent analysis, patent application accounts 89% in US and Canada. The main competitive companies were Shell, Suncor and Exxon-mobil. Unlike other oil developments, oil-sands have a long-term stable production characteristic, hence, it is important to ensure the competitiveness of oil-sands for obtaining a patent in the long run.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.407-415
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• 2003

As services requesting data transfer from a sender to a multiple number of receivers become popular, efficient group communication mechanisms like multicast get much attention. Since multicast is more efficient than unicast in terms of bandwidth usage and group management for group communication, many multicast protocols providing scalability and reliability have been proposed. Recently, router-supported reliable multicast protocols have been proposed because routers have the knowledge of the physical multicast tree structure and, in this scheme, repliers which retransmit lost packets are selected by routers. Repliers are selected dynamically based on the network situation, therefore, any receiver within a multicast group can become a replier Hence, all receivers within a group maintains a buffer for loss recovery within which received packets are stored. It is an overhead for all group receivers to store unnecessary packets. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new scheme which reduces resource usage by discarding packets unnecessary for loss recovery from the receiver buffer. Our scheme performs the replier selection and the loss recovery of lost packets based on the LSM [1] model, and discards unnecessary packets determined by ACKs from erasers which represent local groups.

• Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.606-615
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• 2018

Over the past two decades, the options for solid waste management have been changing from land disposal to recycling, waste-to-energy, and incineration due to growing attention for resource and energy recovery. In addition, the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission has become an issue of concern in the waste sector because such gases often released into the atmosphere during the waste management processes (e.g., biodegradation in landfills and combustion by incineration) can contribute to climate change. In this study, the emission and reduction rates of GHGs by the municipal solid waste (MSW) management options in D city have been studied for the years 1996-2016. The emissions and reduction rates were calculated according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change guidelines and the EU Prognos method, respectively. A dramatic decrease in the waste landfilled was observed between 1996 and 2004, after which its amount has been relatively constant. Waste recycling and incineration have been increased over the decades, leading to a peak in the GHG emissions from landfills of approximately $63,323tCO_2\;eq/yr$ in 2005, while the lowest value of $35,962tCO_2\;eq/yr$ was observed in 2016. In 2016, the estimated emission rate of GHGs from incineration was $59,199tCO_2\;eq/yr$. The reduction rate by material recycling was the highest ($-164,487tCO_2\;eq/yr$) in 2016, followed by the rates by heat recovery with incineration ($-59,242tCO_2\;eq/yr$) and landfill gas recovery ($-23,922tCO_2\;eq/yr$). Moreover, the cumulative GHG reduction rate between 1996 and 2016 was $-3.46MtCO_2\;eq$, implying a very positive impact on future $CO_2$ reduction achieved by waste recycling as well as heat recovery of incineration and landfill gas recovery. This study clearly demonstrates that improved MSW management systems are positive for GHGs reduction and energy savings. These results could help the waste management decision-makers supporting the MSW recycling and energy recovery policies as well as the climate change mitigation efforts at local government level.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.35-48
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the experiences and subjective opinions of urban agriculture in order to explore ways to vitalize urban agriculture. More specifically, we divides environmental value into three categories of ecology, landscape, and participation, and defines a function of urban agriculture to improve environmental values related to the three categories mentioned above. The main results of the empirical analysis using the survey data are summarized as follows. First, the probability of gathering information about urban agriculture is higher in metropolitan cities than small cities, and the larger the residence size, the higher the probability of actual urban agriculture participation. Second, the positive response rate was high for the three categories of urban agriculture, while the negative response rate was high for the surrounding environment. The implications derived from the analysis are as follows. First, the opposite results of experiences of urban agriculture suggests that local governments should further promote urban agriculture-based investment policies. In addition, these policies need to be preceded by analysis of the characteristics of population groups in the region Also, it is necessary to improve the environment through urban agriculture.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.391-398
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• 2018

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive resource for refractory patients because of their anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory capability and multi-lineage differentiation potential. The transplantation of MSCs has led to positive results in preclinical and clinical application to various diseases, including autoimmune disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer, liver cirrhosis, and ischemic stroke. On the other hand, studies have shown that paracrine factors, not direct cell replacement for damaged cells or tissue, are the main contributors in MSC-based therapy. More recently, evidence has indicated that MSC-derived exosomes play crucial roles in regulating the paracrine factors that can mediate tissue regeneration via transferring nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids to the local microenvironment and cell-to-cell communication. The use of these exosomes is likely to be beneficial for the therapeutic application of MSCs because their use can avoid harmful effects, such as tumor formation involved in cell transplantation. Therefore, therapeutic applications using MSC-derived exosomes might be safe and efficient strategies for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. This review summarizes the recent advances and provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of MSC-derived exosomes as a therapeutic agent.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.498-506
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the restorative effect of Semisulcospira libertina extract, on damaged liver cells induced by D-galactosamine in rats. Treatment of damaged liver cells with S. libertina extract significantly reduced local fatty degeneration, and inflammatory cell necrosis, to levels similar with the undamaged control group. In addition, S. libertina extracts were found to reduce plasma levels of liver damage indicator enzymes, such as AST, ALT, LDH and ALP, to control levels. It also reduced lipid peroxides, and lipid contents within damaged liver tissues. This suggests that S. libertina extract has a restorative effect on liver cells, thus reducing release of damage-associated liver enzymes, and oxidative degradation of lipids. Also, S. libertina extracts were found to be involved in recovery of damaged cells from inflammatory response by suppressing expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$, which leads to tissue injury and necrosis, whereas inducing expression of HO-1 that protects cells during inflammation. Thus, S. libertina extract restores liver tissue from necrosis and fibrosis, as well modulates expression of inflammation-related genes against liver damage. Our findings suggest that S. libertina extract is an effective medicinal resource, for improving and recovering liver cells from hepatic injury.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.143-152
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• 2021

The extremely isolated uninhabited island at the end of the West Sea in South Korea called "The Gyeokryeolbi Yeoldo" has recently begun to be managed by the government under the influence of public opinion demanding the island to be strictly protected. The island was created 70 million years ago by volcanic activities. So it is older than the birth history of Jeju Island, which is estimated to have been born about a million years ago. This study has focused on providing the basis for imagetelling and storytelling of the Gyeokryeolbi Yeoldo, known for its important value by exploring the cultural resources of the island. For the research, the ethnography including in-depth local interview and on-site investigation have been applied for 3 years from February 2018 to December 2020 in Taean, Chungnam Province, where the island is located. To analyze the cultural resources of this island, the resource classification model has been designed and used, which is modified from Valentine (2001) and Chi-ho Nam (2007). As a result, the "tangible cultural resources (TCR)" including various remains found on the island were mainly symbols of cultural bridge in the history of Korea-China exchange, and the spiritual land of life-saving. Also "intangible cultural resources (ICR)" extracted from the island were focused on the images of life protection, safety, bravery, and romance. Based on this study, the core concept of identity to be applied when refurbishing the island with a prominent cultural placeness( "sense of place") can be proposed as "a cultural ecological island centered on the Circular Yellow Sea that ruminates memories of love."

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.423-432
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• 2021

In this study, we investigated and the following conclusions are presented by identifying the current status and problems in order to expand the future's value of the community care project introduced and implemented to improve the quality and care for the elderly's life. First, the needs analysis of the elderly receiving services is composed of patient-centered rather than investigator-centered, and in particular, medical management through medical staff visits should be strengthened, and specialized service items according to gender, age, disability type, and personal preference should be strengthened. This will have to be gradually strengthened. Second, by analyzing the satisfaction, redundancy, and effectiveness of service items, we save money, and consider the consumer-oriented service item composition and application of items necessary for new services. Third, through the introduction of an integrated schedule management system, it is necessary to specialize in pre-booking and visit schedule management between the elderly and the direct service organizations that provide services. Fourth, as an effort to solve the financial problem, it is necessary to prepare a rational resource sharing system with health and medical finance, long-term care insurance system, and social welfare financial project. and it may consider that putting the medical personnel who are from local public medical college input. Through these proposals, the community care business will be able to complete and have future value as a universal aged care system.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.239-265
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the status of RDA adoption in Korea and the perception of university librarians on RDA adoption. For this purpose, the adoption status of two libraries that adopted RDA among domestic libraries was analyzed. In addition, interviews were conducted with eight university librarians, and narrative responses related to the adoption of RDA were collected and analyzed. As a result of the interview survey, the research participants recognized that the concept of RDA is very difficult and abstract, there are few implementation cases where RDA is applied, and that it would be very difficult to adopt RDA due to the personnel and budget conditions of the local library. The RDA adoption method recognized by the research participants is to improve RDA awareness, conduct RDA education, prepare guidelines for constructing hybrid bibliographic records when RDA is adopted, operate an RDA pilot institution, and establish a performance model. In addition, research participants need coordination with companies for implementation, prefer to change a specific point in time rather than batch retroactive conversion, discover success stories, establish RDA-related online channels, build and utilize national authority DB, and use the national budget and system support. In this study, based on the research results, a plan to adopt RDA for university libraries in Korea was presented.