• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.174-174
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• 1996

Extract of Pulsatilla Koreana (SB-31) showed promising antitumor activity in vitro (J. Kor Cancer Asso 26:959-963, 1994). We studied the mechanism of cytotoxicity of SB-31. HL-60 cells were cocultivated with various concentrations of SB-31 for 5 hours. The DNAs from HL-60 cells exposed to SB-31 showed the ladder pattern typical of apoptosis. Effect of SB-31 on topoisomerase I activity was determined by slight modification of the method by E. Aflalo(1994). The pBR322 DNA showed dose-dependent increase of R-Form DNA upon incubation with SB-31. The topoisomerase Ⅰ-like activity (Increase of R-Form DNA) was accentuated with higher dose of SB-31. It is postulated that SB-31, which is a fermentation product of Pulsatilla koreana and which loses its activity when kept in ambient temperature for more than 96 hours, may contain topoisomerase Ⅰ-like activity and the enhanced excessive single strand breaks induced by 55-31 may result in apoptosis.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1160-1166
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• 2009

This study was conducted according to the single-factor design principle to investigate in vitro the effects of different glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) concentrations (0, $1{\times}10^{-11}$, $1{\times}10^{-10}$, $1{\times}10^{-9}$, $1{\times}10^{-8}$ and $1{\times}10^{-7}$ mol/L) on the morphology, proliferation and enzyme activity of intestinal enterocyte cells of 28-d-old weaned piglets. These cells were primary cultured in 4 pieces of 24-well cell culture plate. After having been grown for 48 h in culture media with hGLP-2, the ileal enterocyte cells of 28-d-old weaned piglets exhibited the typical characteristics of simple columnar epithelium. Compared with the control groups, the quantities of treated cells significantly increased (p<0.05) and their corresponding absorption values in 540 nm (MTT OD) also significantly increased (p<0.01). Likewise, lactic acid concentration, total protein content and protein retention significantly increased (p<0.05). $Na^{+}$, $K^{+}$-ATP enzyme activity was more active (p<0.05), although the activity of alkaline phosphatase, lactic acid dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase in culture media significantly decreased (p<0.01). To summarize, the results indicated that GLP-2 in vitro is capable of promoting the proliferation of intestinal enterocyte cells of 28-d weaned piglets, restraining their apoptosis and maintaining the integrity of their morphology.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.2 s.98
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• pp.165-172
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant amounts and properties of barley leaf tea and green tea at under various leaching conditions. The leaching temperatures and times of the distilled water were 50, 70 and $90^{\circ}$C for 1, 3 and 5 min, respectively. The levels of crude fat and ash in the barley leaf tea were higher than those in green tea. Brown color intensity and flavonoid absorbance increased with leaching temperature. The highest vitamin C levels and water-soluble phenol resulted at $90^{\circ}$C for 3 min. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of the barley leaf tea and of green tea were 11.06 and 50.56%, respectively, compared to 2.9% for L-ascorbic acid (150 ppm). The nitrite scavenging activities of barley leaf tea and green tea were 95.11 and 74.88%, respectively. The SOD-like activities of barley leaf tea, green tea, and L-ascorbic acid (150 ppm) were 12.99, 8.33, and 12.75%, respectively. The antioxidant effect of green tea was higher than that of barley leaf tea and lastly, the SOD-like activity of barley leaf tea was as high as that of green tea.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.229-236
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• 2009

The glycoprotein hormone family represents a class of heterodimers, that includes the placental hormone equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and the anterior pituitary hormones- follitropin (FSH), lutropin (LH), and thyrotropin (TSH). The 4 hormones are heterodimers, with a common $\alpha$-subunit and unique $\beta$-subunits. eCG is the most heavily glycosylated of the known pituitary and placental glycoprotein hormones. Recent observations using single chain glycoprotein hormone analogs in which, the $\beta$-and $\alpha$-subunits are linked, implied that heterodimeric-like quaternary configuration is not a prerequisite for receptor/signal transduction. To study the function and signal transduction of tethered rec-eCG, a single chain eCG molecule was constructed and rec-eCG protein was produced. Molecular mass of the single chain is about 45 kDa. All mice were ovulated by tethered rec-eCG treatment. The dual activity of tethered rec-eCG was determined in receptor cell lines of nonequid species; in fact, this dual activity was proven in species other than horse. Tethered rec-eCG in equids does not bind to FSH receptors, suggesting that eCG is primarily an LH-like hormone in the horse. Taken together, these data suggest that tethered rec-eCG has dual activity in nonequid species in vitro. However, it has only LH-like activity in equid species in vitro.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.643-648
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• 2006

This study was designed to analyze the election donating ability(EDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity, nitrite scavenging ability and xanthine oxidase for food nutritional evaluation and excavation of functional materials in fruits of Elaeagnus multiflora THUNB. The electron donating ability of ethanol extracts in the 1.0 mg/ml concentration of extract was higher in extract of unripe fruits than others. The superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity was increased according to increasing of the extract concentration. The SOD-like activity was highest in the extract of unripe fruits among the extracts. The nitrite scavenging ability of unripe fruits ethanol extracts in 1.0 mg/ml of extraction solution in pH 1.2 was higher than extract of ripe and Ovenipe fruits. The nitrite scavenging ability was decreased according to increasing of pH. Also, inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity were higher in extracts of unripe fruits than those in extract of ripe and over-ripe fruits.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.245-251
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• 2018

In this study, Coffea arabica ethanol extract (CAE) was tested for possible functional cosmetic agent. Whitening effect was measured by tyrosinase inhibition assay, and anti-oxidant activity was checked by SOD-like activity. SOD-like activity of CAE showed $94.8{\pm}6.2%$ at $500{\mu}g/mL$. The anti-bacterial activities CAE was evaluated against three different gram-positive bacteria and six gram-negative bacteria including MRSA strains. CAE exhibited in vitro broad spectrum antimicrobial activities of gram-negative bacteria without antifungal activity. CAE was strong exhibited against MRSA CCARM3561. The tyrosinase and L-DOPA inhibitory activities of the CAE lower than those positive control arbutin. CAE reduced melanin contents of B16-F10 melanoma cell in a dose dependent manner and decrease about 89.2% at a concentration $100{\mu}g/mL$. These result highlight the potential of coffee extract as a naturally active and non-toxic antibacterial suitable for cosmetic applications.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.162-174
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• 2021

Objectives : We aimed to identify the antidepressant effect of liver tonification acupuncture treatment (ACU (LT); KI10, LR8, LU8, LR4) and four gate acupuncture treatment (ACU (FG); LI4, LR3) and its brain neural activity in the normal and chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced mouse model. Methods : Firstly, normal mice were given ACU (LT) or ACU (FG) and the c-Fos expressions in each brain region were analyzed to examine brain neural activity. Secondly, CRS was administered to mice for 4 weeks, then ACU (LT) or ACU (FG) was performed for 2 weeks. The depression-like behavior was evaluated using open field test (OFT) before and after acupuncture treatment. Then, the c-Fos expressions in each brain region were analyzed to examine brain neural activity. Results : In normal mice, ACU (FG) regulated brain neural activities in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and periaqueductal gray. ACU (LT) changed more brain regions in the prefrontal cortex, insular cortex, striatum, and hippocampus, including those altered by ACU (FG). In CRS-induced model, ACU (LT) alleviated depression-like behavior more than ACU (FG). Also, brain neural activities in the motor cortex area 2 (M2), agranular ventral part and piriform of insular cortex (AIV and Pir), and cornu ammonis (CA) 1 and CA3 of hippocampus were changed by ACU (LT), and those of AIV and CA3 were also changed by ACU (FG). As in normal mice, ACU (LT) resulted in changes in more brain regions, including those altered by ACU (FG) in CRS model. M2, Pir, and CA1 were only changed by ACU (LT) in depression model, suggesting that these brain regions reflect the specific effect of ACU (LT). Conclusions : ACU (LT) relieved depression-like behavior more than ACU (FG), and this acupuncture effect was associated with modulation of brain neural activities in the motor cortex, insular cortex, and hippocampus.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 2009

Rheum undulatum and Rheum palmatum have been widely used as food material as well as medicinal ingredients for their therapeutic effects in oriental countries. Many kinds of herbs are being used in the manufacture of functional foods. The objective of this study was to determine polyphenol content, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, tyrosinase activity, and electron donating ability of R. undulatum and R. palmatum. Total polyphenol content were most effective in 50 and 100% ethanol extracts from R. undulatum and R. palmatum. SOD-like activities of R. undulatum extracts were higher than those of R. palmatum extracts, and water extracts of samples were highest. EDAs of R. undulatum extracts were higher (26.76-44.46%) than those of R. palmatum extracts, while those of both extracts were lower than 1.0 and 0.1% L-ascorbate. And these suggest that the extracts of R. undulatum and R. palmatum can be used as a material in functional food.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.640-642
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• 2002

The ethyl acetate fraction of Bupleurum longiradiatum was found to have an inhibitory effect on the tube-like formation of human umbilical venous endothelial (HUVE) cells. The active compounds, isolated from the fraction, were identified as acetylbupleurotoxin (P1) and bupleurotoxin (P2). The compounds P1 and P2 completely inhibited the tube-like formation of HUVE cells at 30 ${\mu}g$/ml, below the cytotoxic concentration. But, they did not exhibit antitumor activity on BDF1 mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma cells despite their antiangiogenic activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1091-1097
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• 2014

Tageteserecta flower like zinc oxide nanostructures composed of hexagonal nanorods were synthesized via sonochemical method at room temperature. The synthesized nanomaterials exhibited wurtzite hexagonal phase structure with the single crystalline nature. The diameter of the individual nanorods that constitute the flower shaped zinc oxide structures is in the range of 120-160 nm. The sonication time effectively determined the morphological properties of the prepared materials. The catalytic activity of prepared zinc oxide nanostructures towards N-formylation reactions were evaluated without any surface modification and the nanostructures exhibited good reaction yield with the prompt recyclability behavior.