• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
• /
• 1993.10a
• /
• pp.24-31
• /
• 1993

In the design of column, computation of effective length factor for calculation of allowable compressive stress is inevitable. In this study. computer code which automatically generates effective length factor in the finite element analysis is developed. The program is developed to be used for orthogonal and nonorthogonal frame structure. Some i1lustrative examples verify that the computation results we correct for various cases.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.43 no.6
• /
• pp.1231-1252
• /
• 2006

In this paper we shall explicitly calculate the formula of the algebraic presentation of an embedding of the Teichmiiller space ${\Im}(M)$ into the Goldman space g(M). From this algebraic presentation, we shall show that the Goldman's length parameter on g(M) is an isometric extension of the Fenchel-Nielsen's length parameter on ${\Im}(M)$.

• Fibers and Polymers
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.51-56
• /
• 2006

Power net fabric is one of the highly extensible two-way fabrics. Power net structure shows special characteristics in the wearing of final functional clothes. This research evaluated effects of treatment temperature on proportional extensibility and shrinkage ratio of spandex at a given wale length. As treatment temperature increased, extensibility increased proportionally to the standard length of the sample and the shrinkage ratio in the direction of course and wale increased. The pulling-out length increased proportionally to the standard length of the sample. However it was affected by the effect of treatment time and temperature due to the thermal properties of spandex filament yarn.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2002.06b
• /
• pp.285-288
• /
• 2002

In this paper, a new structure of 1024-bit high-speed RSA cryptosystem has been proposed and implemented in hardware to increase the operation speed and enhance the variable-length operation in the plain text. The proposed algorithm applied a radix-4 Booth algorithm and CSA(Carry Save Adder) to the Montgomery algorithm for modular multiplication As the results from implementation, the clock period was approached to one delay of a full adder and the operation speed was 150MHz. The total amount of hardware was about 195k gates. The cryptosystem operates as the effective length of the inputted modulus number, which makes variable length encryption rather than the fixed-length one. Therefore, a high-speed variable-length RSA cryptosystem could be implemented.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
• /
• 2007.04a
• /
• pp.369-374
• /
• 2007

For a stability design of steel frames, AISC-LRFD specification recommend to use Alignment Chart and story-based methods in order to determine an effective budding length. Recently, elastic buckling analysis, which is the method that calculate the effective length of members using eigenvalue of the overall structure, has been widely used in practical design of steel frames because this method can be performed effectively and automatically by computers. However, it can in some cases lead to unexpectedly large effective length in column having small axial forces. Therefore, this paper propose a method using elastic buckling analysis, which estimate a proper effective buckling length for all members having a small axial force. For verification of proposed method, it is compared with system based approach and stiffness distribution factor method. As a result, proposed method can rationally solve a problem in some case of column having small axial force. Also, adoption range for proposed method is established.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.48-52
• /
• 2005

To estimate welding deformation for large steel structures, either experiment result with small specimen or analysis result of FEM with small numerical model is used. Consequently, it is important to decide the welding length of specimen and numerical model not to have an effect on welding deformation for accurate estimation of whole welding deformation. This study experimentally clarifies the effect of welding length on angular distortion due to welding by varying welding length of specimens, but fixing width and thickness of specimens on V-groove butt welding, fillet welding and bead on plate welding. As a resell the critical welding length on fillet welding and on bead on plate welding is over 500mm and on V-groove butt welding is over 1,000mm.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2015.12a
• /
• pp.287-289
• /
• 2015

Meso-scale combustion is defined as combustion phenomena within limited characteristic length scales that are comparable with the laminar flame length scales. In the laminar flame theory, four representative length scales have been involved; i.e., a reaction layer thickness, a thermal layer thickness, a quenching distance, and a Markstein length. When the effects of these length scales on the flame characteristics are understood, the laminar flame theories can be clarified. Therefore, a study on the meso-scale combustion phenomena should not be thought as just a specific phenomena occurring in an exceptional combustion condition. Instead, all combustion phenomena within meso-scale spaces need to be explained by our knowledge. During this challenge, our understanding on laminar flame structures can be extended. Considering that most turbulent combustion phenomena in engineering application are still have local laminar flame structures, studies on laminar flame structures need to be re-visited especially in academic aspects.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.326-334
• /
• 1998

Vascular cambium in 16 species of Salicaceae is nonstoried in all of them and is made up of fusiform and ray initials. The growth of cambial girth occurred by pseudotransverse division of fusiform initials and subsequent apical intrusive growth of daughter initials. The measurements of fusiform initials in tangerntial sections have revealed that the average length varies from 252.2-437.1${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in investigated species, with the maximum being in Populus euramericana and the minimum in Salix purprea var. Multinervis. The length of fusiform initials depends on the length of the tapering end wall , therefore, the longer the length of the tapering end wall, therefore, the longer the length of the taperding end wall, the longer the length of fusiform initials. Ray initials have their own size, magnitude, and frequency of occrrence in each species. The relative proportion of ray initials fall about 15.0-24.5% in Salicaceae. Shrubby species of Salix have a lower ratio of ray initials than the species which possess wider trunks. New ray initials are originated from cut off the side or the end of fusiform initials and central partition of a fusiform initials.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.71 no.2
• /
• pp.119-129
• /
• 2019

Optimum shape and length of laterally loaded piles can be obtained with different optimization techniques. In particular, the Fully Stress Design method (FSD) is an optimality condition that allows to obtain the optimum shape of the pile, while the optimum length can be obtained through a transversality condition at the pile lower end. Using this technique, the structure is analysed by finite elements and shaped through the FSD method by contemporarily checking that the transversality condition is satisfied. In this paper it is noted that laterally loaded piles with optimum shape and length have some peculiar characteristics, depending on the type of cross-section, that allow to design them with simple calculations without using finite element analysis. Some examples illustrating the proposed simplified design method of laterally loaded piles with optimum shape and length are introduced.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.181-190
• /
• 2016

The objective of this study is to find the effective stiffness and compressive strengths of a unit-cell pinwheel truss and double pinwheel truss model designed following a double helical geometry similar to that of the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) structure in biology. The ideal solution for their derived relative density is correlated with a ratio of the truss thickness and length. To validate the relative stiffness or relative strength, ABAQUS software is used for the computational model analysis on five models having a different size of truss diameter from 1mm to 5mm. Applied material properties are stainless steel type 304. The boundary conditions applied were fixed bottom and 5 mm downward displacement. It was assumed that the width, length, and height are all equal. Consequently, it is found that the truss model has a lower effective stiffness and a lower effective yielding strength.