• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in biomechanical variables of golf driving motion according to gender. Method: A total of 21 healthy golfers (11 men and 10 women) who have more than 5 years of professional experience and have been registered in the Korea Golf Association was recruited. A 250-Hz 8-camera motion capture system (MX-T20, Vicon, LA, USA) was used to capture the motion trajectories of a total of 42 reflective markers attached to the golfer's body and club. Moreover, two 1,000-Hz AMTI force plates (AMTI OR6-7-400, AMTI, MA, USA) were used to measure the ground reaction force. The mean and standard deviation for each parameter were then calculated for both groups of 21 subjects. SPSS Windows version 23.0 was used for statistical analysis. The independent t-test was used to determine the differences between groups. An alpha level of .05 was utilized in all tests. Results: There were differences in joint angles according to gender during golf driver swing. Men showed a statistically significantly higher peak joint angle and maximum range of angle in sagittal and frontal axis of the pelvis, hip, and knee. Moreover, women's swing of the pelvis and hips was found to have a pattern using the peak joint angle and range of angle in the vertical axis of the pelvis and hip. There were the differences in peak joint moment according to gender during golf driver swing. Men used higher joint moment in the downswing phase than women in the extensor, abductor, and external rotator muscles of the right hip; flexor and adductor muscles of left hip joint; and flexor and extensor muscles of the right knee. Conclusion: This result reveals that male golfers conducted driver swing using stronger force of the lower body and ground reaction force based on strength of hip and thigh than female golfers.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 골프 동영상 속 스윙 자세 사이의 유사도를 측정할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 딥러닝 기반 인공지능 기술이 컴퓨터 비전 분야에 효과적인 것이 알려지면서 동영상을 기반으로 한 스포츠 데이터 분석에 인공지능을 활용하기 위한 시도가 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 딥러닝 기반의 자세 추정 모델을 사용하여 골프 스윙 동영상 속 사람의 관절 좌표를 획득하였고, 이를 바탕으로 각 스윙 구간별 유사도를 측정하였다. 제안한 방법의 평가를 위해 GolfDB 데이터셋의 Driver 스윙 동영상을 활용하였다. 총 36명의 선수에 대해 스윙 동영상들을 두 개씩 짝지어 스윙 유사도를 측정한 결과, 본인의 또 다른 스윙이 가장 유사하다고 평가한 경우가 26명이었으며, 이때의 유사도 평균 순위는 약 5위로 확인되었다. 이로부터 비슷한 동작을 수행하고 있는 경우에도 면밀히 유사도를 측정하는 것이 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.113-119
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• 1992

전국 70개 골프 코스의 토양통을 정밀토양토에서 판독하여 토양특성을 해석한 결과, 골프장의 토양통 수는 17개이고 대토양군(구분류)은 6매, 대군(신분류)은 8개였다. 대토양군은 적황색토에 50%의 골프코스가 분포하고 암쇄토에는 44%가 분포되었다. 대군은 Dystrochrepts에 74% Eutrochrepts에 8.6% Hapludults에 7.1%가 분포되었다. 주요 토양통은 오산(27.1%), 삼각(18.6%), 예산(11.4%) 송산(8.6%), 대구(7.1%)의 순이었다. 골프장 토양통 17개의 간략한 설명과 5매 주요 토양통과, 주요 대토양군과 대군에 대한 상세한 설명을 제시하여 골프 코스 관리에 참고토록 하였다.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.162-168
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• 2010

Low back pain is a common phenomenon among the golfers. In an attempt to understand low back pain, the kinematic changes and golf swing motion analysis has been performed to focus on lumbar spine in pro. golfers. According to the swing pattern, significant variations of the lumbar joint forces and loads has related with muscles activities so the motion analysis of lumbar spine were discussed. The purpose of this study was to analyze motion of lumbar spine and it was to compare joint force during golf swing in pro. golfers. The swing motion of the subjects was tracked using a 3D motion analysis system by Motion Analysis Ltd. and SIMM software. The angle changes of lumbar spine rapidly in vx direction during the top back swing and the finish and in vy direction during the follow through and in vz direction during the down swing and the impact(Subject A). The angle changes of lumbar spine rapidly in vx direction during the top back swing and in vy direction during the down swing, the impact and the follow through and in vz direction during the down swing(Subject B). In conclusion, subject A and B both show sudden angle changes between 1st-3rd lumbar spine and 4th-5th lumbar spine during the stage from address to top back swing which caused by over upper body twisting.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제7권11호
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• pp.1540-1549
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 은닉 마코프 모델을 이용하여 골프 비디오의 시멘틱한 이벤트들을 검출하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 논문의 목적은 하이라이트에 기반한 비디오의 색인 및 요약을 용이하도록 이벤트들을 식별하고 분류하는 것이다. 제안된 알고리즘은 먼저 골프 비디오의 분석을 통하여 4개의 이벤트를 정의하고, 각 이벤트를 구성하는 상태를 이용하여 HMM 모델을 설계한다. 또한 각 이벤트의 HMM을 구성하는 파라메타를 구하기 위해 MPEG-7 시각 기술자에 기반한 10개의 시각 정보 특징들을 이용한다. 실험 결과 제안된 방법은 다양한 골프 이벤트들을 식별하는데 있어 양호한 성능의 검출 결과를 보여 주고 있다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제7권2_3호
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• pp.129-135
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• 1993

Surface soils and aerial parts of Korean lawn(Zoysia koreana) at normal fair way of 4 golf courses and yellow discolored fairway of one golf course in Kyonggi province were taken at and analyzed for mineral contents in soil Mg and Ca were most deficient while EC was too high and phosphorus was exess. There were significant positive correlation between pH and Ca and between EC and total N. There was no consistent simple correlation between single component in soil and plant, indicating the involvement of multi-minerals in one mineral absorption. m mineral contents of aerial part Mg was severely low. potassium moderately but Ca was normal, Mg and Ca showed significant correlation in aerial part, yellow-discolored lawn showed the lowest content of Mg in aerial part and surface soil. Very high N and high phosphorus in aerial part inspite of low P in soil. The above facts indicates Mg deficiency in fair way soils in most golf courses resulting in yellow-discoloration in lawn.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.620-627
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• 2010

본 연구는 공사조건이 유사한 특정지역의 골프장 건설공사에 대해 실적공사자료를 공사규모와 시간을 고려하여 공사비를 예측하는 식을 토대로 초기계획단계에서 골프장건설 공사비를 예측하기 위한 기초자료를 제시하였다. 즉, 골프장 건설공사를 하는데 실제 투입된 실적공사자료들을 비교.분석하고 건설공사비지수를 고려하여 골프장 건설공사의 초기계획단계에서 건설공사비를 추정할 수 있는 공사비 예측식을 제안하였다. 연구의 결과, 8개의 골프장자료를 이용하여 회귀분석으로 골프장 공사비예측을 위한 비용-규모 지수 n을 구한 결과, 총공사비 0.72, 순공사비 0.67로 도출되었다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2008

경기도 가평의 골프장에서 주황긴다리풍뎅이의 기주식물을 조사한 결과 7과 10종의 미기록 기주가 추가되어 주황긴다리풍뎅이의 기주식물은 30과 94종이 된다. 노박덩굴과의 회잎나무와 진달래과의 영산홍, 황철쭉, 느릅나무과의 혹느릅나무, 장미과의 사과나무와 야광나무, 인동과의 삼색병꽃나무, 버드나무과의 키버들, 참나무과의 바늘참나무가 주황긴다리 풍뎅이의 새로운 기주가 되었고, 자작나무와 사과나무, 핀참나무의 피해도가 높았다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2004

This study aims to figure out ecological characteristic of natural forests focusing on vegetation as a way of ecological renovation for the restoration of naturalness for golf courses that were constructed in the Country and to present vegetation models and appropriate tree species for the purpose. The study site is P golf club, which is located in Gapyong-gun, Kyeonggi Province. The site is within a forest where the grade from the natural ecology map is the first one and the level from the green index accounts for the eight, thus showing a typical environment for a golf course in terms of location. The location of the site explains a reason for restoration. The major substance of the study is to conduct ecological evaluation of vegetation structures around and inside the golf course and to present a vegetation model. In order to evaluate the ecological characteristics of the vegetation structures, the analysis of the study covered succession stages, multi-layer vegetation structures and species diversity. Plant communities that have high species diversity were selected for the vegetation model and proper density and species were proposed considering the number of species and individuals and distances between trees. The vegetation restoration model targets succession into an oak forest. Within a unit of 100 $m^2$, the recommended model include a tall-tree layer with 11 trees such as Quercus serrata and Quercus mongolica, a sub-tall-tree layer with 12 trees including Quercus mongolica, Quercus serrata, Prunus sargentii, Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Acer pseudo sieboldianum, a shrub layer with 32 trees from 16 species, and a grass layer with a cover rate of 45 %. The proposed vegetation restoration model needs to apply to : 1) damaged natural forests by the construction of golf courses; 2) boundaries between golf courses and surrounding forests; 3) buffer zones; 4) open spaces in between courses; and 5) areas between greens and tees where open spaces are available in a mass. In conclusion, one of the most important factors in presenting a vegetation model for the restoration of naturalness in the golf course and other damaged forests is to provide multi-layer vegetation structures that are composed of native species. As for the specific application for the site, it is recommended to manage the vegetation in such a way that the environment of the site can have a similar environment to the surrounding forest which is expected to succeed into an oaks-dominant one.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.25-28
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• 1994

Chemical characteristics of soils were investigated in three golf courses of Kwanak, Gold and Korea Country Club with different open year. The soil samples were collected in tee, fairway and rough. There were ranges of 4.80~5.55 in pH, 3.68~5.39% inorganic matter, 0.10~0.25% in total nitrogen, 5.63~45.64ppm in available phosphorus, 0.80~1.7lme /l00g in exchangeable Ca, 0.09~0 42me /l00g in exchangeable Mg, 0.03~0.O9me /l00g in exchangeable Na, and 0.06~0.l4me /l00g in exchangeable K. The pH was significant with golf club(P<0.05) and positively correlated with exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg(P<0.0l).