• 제목/요약/키워드: knowledge Management Process

검색결과 1,357건 처리시간 0.029초

주민(住民)의 전통의술(傳統醫術) 이용도(利用度) 조사연구(調査硏究) - 민속요법(民俗療法) 이용(利用)을 중심(中心) 으로 - (A Study on the Utilization Level of Traditional Medicine by Residents - On the basis of Use of Folk Medical Techniques -)

  • 김진순
    • 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
    • /
    • 제13권1호
    • /
    • pp.3-18
    • /
    • 1988
  • The general objective of this research is to study behavioral pattern of health care utilization and to measure the level of utilization of the traditional medicine. The specific objective is to study utilization pattern and content of folk medicine which is the indegenous medical technology recognized part of traditional medicine. This research was under taken to generate valid information that will provide basis data for formulating general direction for health education activities and for designing service package for general population. A social survey method was employed to obtain required information for the research activities, The survey field team consisted of 20 surveyors who all participated is an intensive 2 day training course. A total of 3091 households were visited and interviewed by the field team during the period 7 September to 6 October 1987. The major findings obtained from the information collected by the field survey are as follows ; 1) General characteristics of the study households 2562 households out of 3091 households visited were selected for final data process, 80.2 of the selected households were nuclear families ; 17.4%, extended families ; others 2.4%. Only 4.3 percent of the study population in the urban households indicated "no schooling" whereas 14.2% of the rural household members falls within this category. Study population in the urban areas are more protected against diseases by the national medical insurance system than those in rural areas. In their self appraisal of living standard, those who responded with low group are 39.6% and 50.3% respectively by urban and rural households. 2) Morbidity status Period prevalence rate for all diseases during the preceding 15 days before the date of the household interview v as 243,0 per 1,000 study population. For cases with the illness duration of within 15 days, the initial points of medical entry were diversied ; 56.9%, drug stores ; 30.9%, clinics and hospitals ; 4.6% folk medicine ; 1.7% clinics of Korean oriental medicine. Among the chronic case; with illness duration of over 90 days, 34.6% of these people utilized clinics and hospitals of modern medicine ; 31.6%, drug stores ; 18.6% clinics of Korean oriental medicine ; 6.8% folk medical techniques. Noticeable is the almost ten fold increase from the mere 0.9% in the utilization of Korean oriental medicine, whereas in the utilization of folk medicine, it is short of two-fold increase. 3) Folk medicine and its utilization Households that use folk medicine for relief and care of signs and symptoms commonly encountered in daily life, number 1969 households, which accounts for 76.9% of all the study households. This rather high level use of folk medicine is not different from rural to urban areas. The order of frequency of utilizing folk medicine among the study people are : the highest 14.3% for the relief of indigestion ; 8.6% for burns ; 5.1% for common cold ; 4.7% for hiccough ; and 4.2% for hordeolum. A present various procedures of folk medicine is being used to relieve all kinds of symptoms. 192 symptoms are identified at present. The most frequently used procedures of folk medicine appear to be based either on principles of the Korean oriental medicine or of scientific knowledge. Based on these survey findings, proposals for utilizing folk medicine are as follows First, this survey's findings will be feed back to both on the job training and on the spot guidance of community health practitioners, public health nurses and other peripheral work force in the health field, who are in daily contacts with community. This feed back will assure that the health personnel carry out their health education and information activities that are based on the utilization pattern of folk medicine as found in the survey result. Second, studies will be soon implemented that are designed to measure the efficiency and potency of these procedures and to improve these procedures of folk medicine were most frequently used by the community. Third, studies will continue to systematize medicinal plants and skills of Korean oriental medicine that are easily available at minimal cost in daily life for the prevention of diseases and management of emergency cases.

  • PDF

기술학습역량 강화를 통한 추격 및 탈추격 혁신 촉진 (Enhancing Technology Learning Capabilities for Catch-up and Post Catch-up Innovations)

  • 배종태;이종선;구본진
    • 기업가정신과 벤처연구
    • /
    • 제19권2호
    • /
    • pp.53-68
    • /
    • 2016
  • 기술 학습, 기업가정신, 혁신, 창의성에 대한 동기 및 관련 활동은 아시아 국가들의 경제 발전의 원동력이었다. 기술 발전의 초기에는 기술 학습과 기업가정신이 선진국들을 효과적으로 따라잡을 수 있는 방안으로 작용하였다. 왜냐하면 이를 통하여 기업들은 상대적으로 낮은 리스크를 가지고 기술과 지식을 빠르게 축적할 수 있었기 때문이다. 그러나 기술 발전의 후기에는 혁신과 창의성이 보다 중요하게 작용하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 1) 기술 학습 성과에 영향을 미치는 요소들 (학습 역량)과 2) 창의적인 조직 및 경제 환경 구축을 위한 혁신 역량 강화에 필요한 과제들을 규명하는 것이다. 본 연구의 핵심 내용은 탈추격 시대에서의 학습 역량과 연관되어 있다. 문헌 연구 및 한국의 경제발전 사례를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 기술 학습에 영향을 미치는 다양한 요소들로 구성된 기술 학습 모형을 제시하였다. 이와 관련하여 세 가지 가설을 설정하였고, 한국의 공작기계 제조업체들로부터 데이터를 수집하였다. 또한 해당 업체들의 CEO들과 R&D 책임자들을 대상으로 구조화된 설문을 수행하였다. 이를 바탕으로 상관 분석과 ANOVA를 수행하여 가설을 검증하였다. 추가로 사례 분석과 정책 분석을 수행하여 혁신 활성인자와 방해인자들을 규명하였고, 이를 근거로 혁신 역량 강화를 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 실증 분석 결과를 기반으로 1) 기술 축적정도 2) 기술인력들의 잠재력 3) 확고한 기술적 노력 4) 학습에 대한 의지 5) 최고 경영층의 지원 6) 공식적인 기술 학습 시스템 7) 높은 학습 동기 8) 적절한 기술 선택 9) 명백한 목표 설정과 같은 기업의 학습 잠재력과 활동(학습 역량)을 규명하였다. 이와 같은 학습 역량은 경제 발전 초기 기업의 학습 성과를 결정하였다. 또한 기술발전 단계별로 기술학습을 위해 필요한 핵심 요소들이 상이하였다. 통계 및 정책 분석을 통하여 기술학습은 기술발전 과정의 본질적인 원칙으로 이해될 수 있음을 입증하였다. 선제적이고 창의적인 학습은 후기에, 대응적이고 모방적인 학습은 초기에 활성화 되었다. 추가로 본 연구에서는 탈추격 시대에서의 혁신역량 및 혁신활동 강화의 원동력 또는 촉진 요소를 탐색하였다. 예비 사례분석 결과는 1) CEO의 전략적 의지와 기업 문화 2) 리더십과 변화 주도 챔피언의 존재 3) 디자인 원칙과 방식 4) 에코시스템과 협력체계, 5) 지속적 R&D 투자가 혁신역량 및 혁신활동 강화의 촉진 요소로 작용함을 보여주었다.

  • PDF

부산지역 일부병원 치료식 섭취 환자의 영양상담에 대한 인식 및 만족도 (Perception and Satisfaction on Nutrition Counseling Service for Patients Consuming a Therapeutic Diet at Hospitals in Busan)

  • 이정례;손은주;류은순
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
    • /
    • 제39권9호
    • /
    • pp.1305-1312
    • /
    • 2010
  • 본 연구는 병원 영양과에서 실시하고 있는 치료식 섭취환자의 영양상담에 대한 인식과 영양상담 만족도 요인으로서의 지식전달 요인, 인지적 대화요인, 감성적 대화요인, 촉진능력 요인과의 관계를 파악함으로써 앞으로 병원 영양과에서 환자들의 영양상담에 대한 만족도를 높이는데 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 시도하였다. 조사대상은 부산지역 400 병상 이상의 병원에 입원중인 치료식 섭취환자를 퇴원하기 직전에 직접 1:1 면담법을 이용하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 배부된 설문지 중 총 153부(98.7%)를 분석에 사용하였으며 본 조사는 2008년 1월 21일~2월 28일에 진행하였다. 조사대상 환자 중 영양상담을 받은 경험이 있는 환자가 전체의 57.5%로 나타났고, 영양상담을 받은 계기는 의료진이 권해서가 64.1%로 가장 높았고 영양상담 방법은 개별교육이 58.0%로 나타났다. 영양상담에 대한 인식에서 영양상담 이해에 대한 긍정적인 견해는 75.0%, 중요도는 83.0%, 영양관리에 도움이 되는 정도는 78.7%로 나타났다. 영양상담에 대한 전체 만족도 점수는 3.80점이며, 각 세부요인에서 지식전달 요인 3.80점, 인지적 대화 요인 3.71점, 감성적 대화 요인 4.05점, 촉진능력 요인은 3.61점으로 나타났다. 영양상담의 만족도 점수가 낮은 항목은 '퇴원 후 식사요법 정보제공', '맞춤형 영양정보 제공', '구체적인 식단 제시', '식단 작성 방법 설명'으로 나타났다. 영양상담에 대한 인식인 이해도, 중요도 및 영양관리 도움정도는 영양상담에 대한 만족도인 지식전달 요인, 인지적 대화 요인, 감성적 대화 요인, 촉진 능력 요인과 모두 유의적인(p<0.01) 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과를 살펴볼 때, 영양사들은 환자들의 영양에 대한 이해도 및 중요도를 높일 수 있는 다양한 영양상담 도구의 개발 및 활용 방안에 대한 노력이 필요하겠다. 환자와의 영양상담시 환자 스스로 영양관리를 독립적으로 실행에 옮길 수 있도록 환자들을 위한 구체적인 식단제시, 조리방법, 맞춤형 영양관리 방법 등의 촉진 요인들에 대해서 영양사들은 더 많은 관심을 가져야 하겠다. 즉, 실제 식사와 관련된 조리체험교실, 시식회 등의 개최를 통해 환자들에게 보다 직접적이고 실질적으로 다가갈 수 있는 환자 중심적인 영양상담이 필요하며 특히, 맞춤형 영양상담을 통해 환자의 치료 효과를 높이기 위해서는 현재로서는 부족한 영양사 인력의 증원이 절실히 필요하겠다.

간호교육 철학정립 및 교육과정 개발을 위한 기초조사 (A Preliminary Study on Setting Philosophy and Curriculum Development in Nursing Education)

  • 정연강;김윤회;양광희;한경자;한상임
    • 대한간호학회지
    • /
    • 제18권2호
    • /
    • pp.162-188
    • /
    • 1988
  • The purpose of this study is to guide the direction of the Korean nursing education to analysize ⑴ the philosophy and objectives ⑵ curriculum, and ⑶ educational environment. This analysis is based on the data from 50 nursing schools (14 4-year colleges and 35 3-year colleges) The survey was conducted from Dec. 1986 through Jan. 1987 by mail. 1) Educational philosophy and objectives 10 4-year colleges and 8 3-year college program have curricular philosoph. Most popular curricular philosophies are human beings, health, nursing, nursology, nursing education, nurses role in the present and in the future. 10 nursing schools mentioned that human being is the subject to interact with : environment physically, mentally and socially. 2 schools mentioned that health is the state of functioning well physically, mentally and socially. 13 schools mentioned that the nursing is the dynamic act to maintain and to promote the highest possible level of health. 4 schools mentioned that the nursology is an applied science. 4 schools mentioned that nursing education is the process to induce the behavioural changes based on the individual ability. There is different opinion about the nurses' role between 4-year college and 3-year college. In the responses from 4-year colleges they focus on the leadership in effective changes, self-regulating and self-determining responsibilities, applying the new technology, continuing education, and participation in research to further nursing knowledge. In the responses from 3-year colleges, they focus on the education in college, primary health care nursing, direct care provider and public health education. Among 50 respondents 40 schools have educational goals which can be divided into two categories. One is to establish the moral and the other is to develop the professionalism. 2) Curriculm The analsis of curriculum is only based on the data from the 4-year colleges because the most of 3-year colleges follow the curriculum guideline set by the Ministry of Education. a) Comparison of the credits in cultural subject and in nursing major. The average required credit for graduation is 154.6 and the median credit is the range of 140-149. The average credit of cultural subjects is 43.4. In detail, the average number of credit of required course and elective courses are 24.1 and 19.3 respectively. The average credit for major subject is 111.2. In detail, the average credit for required courses and electives course are 100.9 and 10.4 respectively. In 5 colleges, students are offered even on elective course b) Comparison of the credit by class. The average earned credits are as follows : 41.1 in freshman, 400 in sophormore 38.3 in junior and 32.4 in senior. Cultural subjects are studied in early phases. c) Comparison of the compulsory and elective cultural subject by institute. The range of credit is 7-43 in compulsory cultural subjects and there are lot of differences among institutions. While all respondents require liberal arts as compulsary subjects, few respondents lists social science, natural science and behavioral science as required subjects. Social science-related subjects are frequently chosen as cultural subjects d) Distribution of creditsin cultural subjects by institute. The liberal art subjects are taught in 20 institute. English and physical education courses are taught in all instituions. The social science subjects are taught in 15 colleges and the basic Psycology and the Basic sociology are the most popular subjects. The natural science subjects are taught in 7 colleges and Biology and Chemistry are the most popular subjects among them. e) Distribution of credits in major basic courses by institute. Most of the institutes select Anatomy, Microbiology, Physiology, biochemistry and Pathology as basic major courses. f) Comparison of the required and elective courses for nursing major by institutions. Subjects and credit ranges in major are varing by institute. More than half of the respondents select the following subjects as required major subjects. (1) Adults Health Nursing and Practice (19.5 credits) (2) Mother and Child Care and Practice (8.9 credits) (3) Community Health Care and Practice (8.5 credits) (4) Psychiatric Nursing Care and Practice (8.1 credits) (5) Nursing Management and Practice (3.9 credits) (6) Fundamental of Nursing, Nursing Research and Health Assessment and Practice. Three institutions select Introduction to nursing, Rehabilitation Nursing, School Nursing, Public Health Nursing, Nursing English, Communication, Human Development as electives in nursing major. 3) Educational environment a) Nursing institution There are forty-three 3-year colleges and seventeen 4-year colleges and 81.4% of which are private b) Number of students and faculty 19.2% of the students are in 4-year colleges and 80.8% of the students are in 3-year colleges. In 4-year colleges, the number of nursing faculty members is in the other of assistant professor, instructor and professor. In 3-year colleges, the orderiis lecturer, associate professor, full time instructor and assistant professor. In 4-year colleges, 18.8 students are allocated per nursing faculty and in 3-year colleges, 33.1 students are allocated per nursing faculty. c) Clinical practices 66.7% of the 4-year colleges practice over 1201 hours in clinic and 28.5% of 3-year colleges practice over 1201 hours in clinic. In 4-year colleges, 11.5 students are allocated per nursing faculty and in 3-year colleges,17 students are allocated per nursing faculty The survey shows no difference in the procedure between 4-year colleges and 3-year colleges but 3-year colleges choose the more variety practicing site such as special hospital and community health clinic. d) Audiovisual facilities The survey shows a lot of difference in audiovisual facilities among institution and 3-year colleges are less equipped than 4-year colleges.

  • PDF

가정간호실무에 적용가능한 이론적틀 (Appling Nursing Theory to Clinical Practice of Home Health Care)

  • 우선혜
    • 가정간호학회지
    • /
    • 제11권1호
    • /
    • pp.5-13
    • /
    • 2004
  • The home health care industry has grown rapidly and can be expected to continue to grow in the foreseeable future. Home health care refers to the practice of nursing applied to clients with a health condition in the clients place of residence. clients and their designated care givers are the focus at home health nursing practice. The goal of care is to initiate. manage and evaluate the resources needed to promote the clients optimal level of well-being and function. Nursing activities necessary to achieve this goal may warrant preventive maintenance and restorative emphases to prevent potential problems from developing. Many project program were suggested home health care model for Korea's health care system and policy direction for expansion and establishment of home health care .But the aim of this paper is to provide on overview for theoretical frame work in home health care. Theories and conceptual frameworks or models are important nursing because they define and guide the boundaries of professional practice and identify key nurse-patient-caregiver relationships that emerge with caring. Following is the research with an investigation of the literature review in the University of Arizona international medline database, In conclusion, are as followers: First, many nursing theorists have had a tremendous impact on nursing practice. the following highlights those nursing theorists that are particularly helpful in understanding home health care. 1. Florence Nightingale : Our earliest theoretical legacy. Nightingale's believes are reflected in basic infection control practice such as hand washing and infectious waste disposal and are key nursing interventions in home care. 2. Martha Roger's :Science of unitary human beings theory. Rorger's believed that the focus of shared. non invasive healing modelities is the human environmental field rather than direct physical care. These modelities continue to evolve as our awareness (reflecting greater diversity, faster rhythms, motions, and ways of knowing) transcends time and space, allowing individuals to get in touch with their integral nature of unbroken wholeness. On people as ever changing energy fields have special relevance in home care especially with hospice and palliative care applications. 3. Madeline Leininger's; Transcultural nursing theory. Home care nurses move through a variety of communities and often care for patients from different cultural back grounds. Therefore Leininger's work has a good that with home care because home care nursing practice is very culturally focused. 4. Dorothea Orem's : Self care deficit theory. Orem's theory views care as something to be performed by both nurses and patients. The role of the nurse is to provide education and support that help patients acquire the necessary activities to perform self-care. Orem's theory is foundational to have care because it begins to truly acknowledge the role of the patient in managing his or her own health. which is referred to as self-care. 5. Margaret Neuman's; Health as expending consciousness theory. Neuman believes that health compasses disease and reflects an underlying pattern of person-environment interaction. A key application of 'Neuman's work to home care is for nurses to understand that health and illness do not necessarily exist at opposite ends of a continuum. 6. Jean Watson's: Theory of human caring. Watson's theory of human caring in nursing proposes human caring as the moral ideal of nursing. Nurses participate human caring to protect, enhance and preserve humanity by assisting individuals to fing meaning in illness. pain and existence and to help others gain self knowledge. self control. and self healing such thinking lends richness to theory development. as well as clinical practice in home care. Second, Robin Rice : Dynamic self determination for self care. (A theoretical framework for home care) Dynamical self determination for self care can be useful to home care nurses in a variety of ways. As research tool it can be reflected in the interview process when the home visit. The home care nurse's role is that of facilitator of patient self-determination for self care through numerous strategies. including patient education and case management.

  • PDF

1705년 금보개조도감(金寶改造都監) 제작 금보 연구 (A Study of the Golden Royal Seals Made by the Directorate for the Restoration of the Golden Royal Seals(金寶改造都監) in 1705)

  • 제지현
    • 헤리티지:역사와 과학
    • /
    • 제50권1호
    • /
    • pp.42-57
    • /
    • 2017
  • 어보(御寶)는 조선시대(朝鮮時代)에 왕(王), 왕비(王妃), 세자(世子), 대왕대비(大王大妃) 등을 책봉(冊封)하거나 존호(尊號), 시호(諡號) 등의 이름을 올릴 때 제작하는 인장(印章)이다. 어보는 금보(金寶)와 옥보(玉寶) 등으로 제작하는데 인장의 주인이 승하하면 종묘(宗廟)의 각 실(室) 보장(寶欌)에 봉안(奉安)되었다. 숙종대(肅宗代)에는 왕실(王室) 문화를 정비하고 보수하려는 노력이 있었다. 이러한 흐름의 일환으로 1705년에는 종묘에 봉안되어 있던 어보의 의장(儀仗)에 관한 문제가 논의되었고, 이에 따라 어보를 포장하는 부속품을 일괄로 제작하였다. 뿐만 아니라 전란 중에 잃어버린 금보와 그동안 만들어지지 않았던 금보 10과(顆)를 새롭게 제작하였다. 그 결과, 이 시기에는 종묘의 각 실마다 최소 어보 1과를 갖추게 되었다. 이 과정을 기록한 것이 "금보개조도감의궤(金寶改造都監儀軌)"이다. 조선 전 시기 동안 금보를 대량으로 제작해서 종묘에 봉안하는 유일한 의례(儀禮)인 점을 감안하면 이 도감이 갖는 중요한 의미를 짐작할 수 있다. 따라서 본고에서는 먼저 금보개조도감의 설치과정을 통해 그 시기 손상된 어보의 보관과 관리방법 등을 살펴보았다. 또한 금보의 제작과정을 "금보개조도감의궤"와 다른 의궤(儀軌)들을 비교해서 보의 귀뉴(龜?)형태를 만드는 견양(見樣), 밀납주조방식, 수은아말감기법의 도금(鍍金), 세부 문양을 새기는 과정을 순서대로 고찰하였다. 나아가 당시 금보를 만드는 장인(匠人)인 금보장(金寶匠)의 활동방식을 동시기 의궤를 통해 분석하여 금보장의 계승 방식을 확인하였다. 이후 현존하는 작품을 중심으로 금보의 양식을 고찰하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 1705년 금보개조도감에서 제작한 금보의 제작방법과 장인의 특성을 종합적으로 확인할 수 있었다.

평생교육교수자의 교수역량 강화를 위한 코칭모델 개발 (Development of Coaching Model to Enhance Teaching Capability of Lifelong Educator)

  • 손성화;김진숙
    • 문화기술의 융합
    • /
    • 제7권4호
    • /
    • pp.369-376
    • /
    • 2021
  • 본 연구의 목적은 평생교육교수자의 교수역량 강화를 위한 코칭모델을 개발하는 것이다. 이 목적을 달성하기 위하여 평생교육교수자들이 진행하고 있는 다양한 교수방법에 대한 역량과 운영실태, 코칭과 관련한 문헌 자료를 조사 및 분석하였다. 그리고 평생교육 현장에서 10년 이상 근무한 현장전문가들을 대상으로 교수역량에 대해 심층면담을 진행하였다. 이러한 연구결과는 매트릭스 분석을 통하여 평생교육교수자의 교수역량을 코칭모델을 개발하였다. 첫째, 문헌연구에 의하면 제4차 산엽혁명시대가 요구하는 새로운 패러다임의 학습자 중심의 평생교육프로그램 운영을 요구하고 있으며, 교수자의 역량을 강화하는 방법으로 코칭역량을 제시한다. 코칭역량으로 평생교육교수자는 평생교육 관련 직업인으로서 평생교육 성인학습자를 가르치는 자신의 일에 대한 가치와 목적과 목표달성 등을 위하여 비전 설정, 목표세우기, 사명선언서 작성, 코칭기술, 코칭과정 진행, 장애물 관리, 코칭 교수법등의 역량을 제시한다. 둘째, 평생교육 현장전문가들이 요구하는 평생교육 교수역량을 모델에 적용함으로 평생교육 교수역량강화를 위한 모델을 학습자 중심으로 디자인할 수 있다. 평생교육 현장전문가들은 평생교육 전문지식 습득, 소통역량, 성인학습자 이해, 대인관계 능력, 프로그램 개발이 필요하다고 주장하고 하였다. 셋째, 평생교육교수자의 교수역량강화를 위한 코칭모델은 진입, 진행, 총평, 환류의 프로세스과정에서 제시하는 단계별 평생교육교수자 교수역량을 충분히 습득하고 실행하는 것이다. 총평 단계가 끝나면 환류를 통하여 평생교육교수자 자신이 평생교육교수자로 추구하는 코칭역량을 바탕으로 한 평생교육교수자의 교수역량을 새롭게 개발하고 발전시켜 나가는 것을 제안하였다.

미국 중학교 가정과 교육과정의 '소비생활' 영역 내용요소 분석: 오하이오, 미네소타, 위스콘신 주를 중심으로 (Analysis of the Content Components of 'Consumer Life' Area of Middle School Home Economics Curriculum of the U.S.: Focusing on the States of Ohio, Minnesota, and Wisconsin)

  • 김샛별
    • 한국가정과교육학회지
    • /
    • 제33권4호
    • /
    • pp.139-157
    • /
    • 2021
  • 본 연구는 우리나라 청소년들의 소비자역량 강화를 위해 미국 3개 주(오하이오, 미네소타, 위스콘신) 중학교 가정과 교육과정을 분석함으로써, 우리나라 중학교 가정과 교육과정에 시사점을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 2015 오하이오 주, 2017 미네소타 주, 2013 위스콘신 주 중학교 가정과 교육과정의 '소비생활' 영역의 성취기준을 수집해 소비자역량 내용을 분석하였다. 소비자역량 내용 분석 준거는 우리나라 성인들의 소비자역량을 측정하기 위해 개발한 한국소비자원의 소비자역량 내용체계를 기준으로 연구자가 수정·보완하여 활용하였다. 분석 결과와 시사점을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 미국 가정과 교육과정에서는 청소년들의 금융이해력 향상을 위해 신용관리, 저축/투자/보험, 세금, 금융환경과 금융의사결정 등 다양한 내용요소를 다루고 있었다. 차기 교육과정에서는 길어진 노후생활에서의 재무 안정을 위해 경제 환경의 변화 등 각종 변수를 고려해 생애주기별 실제적인 재무계획을 세울 수 있도록 금융기초지식과 금융 정보 활용 기술 강화를 위한 내용을 제시할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 미국 가정과 교육과정에서는 소비자거래역량 향상을 위해 가격과 이자율, 경제동향 및 수요와 공급의 영향, 구매방법과 계약 조건 등 경제개념을 적용해 구매의사결정을 할 수 있도록 교육과정을 개발하였으나, 우리나라는 구매계획, 구매의사결정과정에 집중되어 있기에 중학교 수준에 적합한 경제 개념을 도입해 소비자거래역량 함양을 도와줄 필요가 있다. 셋째, '소비자시민역량' 강화를 위해 차기 교육과정에서는 권리주장과 책임 수용을 균형 있게 다룰 필요가 있으며, 특히 소비자 주권이 실현되는 소비환경 조성을 위한 소비자 정책과 법률, 소비자 옹호 등에 관한 내용을 강화할 필요가 있다.

대학생 창업의지에 대한 롤모델의 영향 분석: 성장마인드셋과 창업자기효능감의 다중매개효과를 중심으로 (Analysis of the Influence of Role Models on College Students' Entrepreneurial Intentions: Exploring the Multiple Mediating Effects of Growth Mindset and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy)

  • 맹진수;김선혁
    • 벤처창업연구
    • /
    • 제18권5호
    • /
    • pp.17-32
    • /
    • 2023
  • 대학생의 창업 활동은 현대 경제와 사회 발전에 큰 기여를 하고 있으며, 변화하는 경제 환경과 청년 실업 문제 해결에도 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 이들이 창업을 통해 혁신적인 아이디어와 기술을 시장에 선보이면, 지속 가능한 경제 성장과 사회적 가치를 창출할 수 있다. 또한, 대학생들의 창업 의지는 다양한 요인에 의해 형성되기 때문에, 이러한 요인들을 깊이 이해하고 적절히 지원하는 것이 중요하다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 롤모델의 중요성과 그 영향력을 다중직렬 매개효과 분석을 통해 체계적으로 탐구하였다. 300명의 대학생을 대상으로 한 설문조사를 통해, 성장마인드셋과 창업자기효능감이라는 두 심리적 변수가 롤모델의 영향과 창업의지 사이에서 어떠한 매개 역할을 하는지 분석하였다. 롤모델의 존재와 그들의 성공 경험은 대학생들의 성장마인드셋을 강화시키는데 도움을 주며, 이는 창업자기효능감을 높이고, 결국 창업에 대한 의지를 강화한다는 결과를 도출하였다. 분석 결과, 롤모델과의 접촉은 대학생들의 성장마인드셋 형성에 큰 영향을 미친다. 이러한 마인드셋은 창업과 관련된 도전과 실패를 학습의 기회로 받아들이는 긍정적인 사고를 촉진한다. 그리고 이런 마인드셋은 창업자기효능감을 강화시키며, 그 결과 창업에 대한 의지를 더욱 강화시킨다. 본 연구는 마인드셋 이론, 사회학습이론 등 다양한 이론들을 통합하여 창업의지 형성의 복잡한 과정에 대한 이해를 제공한다. 롤모델의 활용은 학생들의 창업의지를 크게 향상시킬 수 있으며, 교육 프로그램은 롤모델을 통해 창업 경험과 지식을 공유하게 함으로써 학생들의 성장마인드셋과 창업자기효능감을 강화할 수 있다. 본 연구가 대학 창업교육의 설계와 실행에 있어 중요한 지침을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

  • PDF

인터넷 쇼핑몰 수용에 있어 사용자 능력의 조절효과 분석 (An Analysis of the Moderating Effects of User Ability on the Acceptance of an Internet Shopping Mall)

  • 서건수
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
    • /
    • 제18권4호
    • /
    • pp.27-55
    • /
    • 2008
  • Due to the increasing and intensifying competition in the Internet shopping market, it has been recognized as very important to develop an effective policy and strategy for acquiring loyal customers. For this reason, web site designers need to know if a new Internet shopping mall(ISM) will be accepted. Researchers have been working on identifying factors for explaining and predicting user acceptance of an ISM. Some studies, however, revealed inconsistent findings on the antecedents of user acceptance of a website. Lack of consideration for individual differences in user ability is believed to be one of the key reasons for the mixed findings. The elaboration likelihood model (ELM) and several studies have suggested that individual differences in ability plays an moderating role on the relationship between the antecedents and user acceptance. Despite the critical role of user ability, little research has examined the role of user ability in the Internet shopping mall context. The purpose of this study is to develop a user acceptance model that consider the moderating role of user ability in the context of Internet shopping. This study was initiated to see the ability of the technology acceptance model(TAM) to explain the acceptance of a specific ISM. According to TAM. which is one of the most influential models for explaining user acceptance of IT, an intention to use IT is determined by usefulness and ease of use. Given that interaction between user and website takes place through web interface, the decisions to accept and continue using an ISM depend on these beliefs. However, TAM neglects to consider the fact that many users would not stick to an ISM until they trust it although they may think it useful and easy to use. The importance of trust for user acceptance of ISM has been raised by the relational views. The relational view emphasizes the trust-building process between the user and ISM, and user's trust on the website is a major determinant of user acceptance. The proposed model extends and integrates the TAM and relational views on user acceptance of ISM by incorporating usefulness, ease of use, and trust. User acceptance is defined as a user's intention to reuse a specific ISM. And user ability is introduced into the model as moderating variable. Here, the user ability is defined as a degree of experiences, knowledge and skills regarding Internet shopping sites. The research model proposes that the ease of use, usefulness and trust of ISM are key determinants of user acceptance. In addition, this paper hypothesizes that the effects of the antecedents(i.e., ease of use, usefulness, and trust) on user acceptance may differ among users. In particular, this paper proposes a moderating effect of a user's ability on the relationship between antecedents with user's intention to reuse. The research model with eleven hypotheses was derived and tested through a survey that involved 470 university students. For each research variable, this paper used measurement items recognized for reliability and widely used in previous research. We slightly modified some items proper to the research context. The reliability and validity of the research variables were tested using the Crobnach's alpha and internal consistency reliability (ICR) values, standard factor loadings of the confirmative factor analysis, and average variance extracted (AVE) values. A LISREL method was used to test the suitability of the research model and its relating six hypotheses. Key findings of the results are summarized in the following. First, TAM's two constructs, ease of use and usefulness directly affect user acceptance. In addition, ease of use indirectly influences user acceptance by affecting trust. This implies that users tend to trust a shopping site and visit repeatedly when they perceive a specific ISM easy to use. Accordingly, designing a shopping site that allows users to navigate with heuristic and minimal clicks for finding information and products within the site is important for improving the site's trust and acceptance. Usefulness, however, was not found to influence trust. Second, among the three belief constructs(ease of use, usefulness, and trust), trust was empirically supported as the most important determinants of user acceptance. This implies that users require trustworthiness from an Internet shopping site to be repeat visitors of an ISM. Providing a sense of safety and eliminating the anxiety of online shoppers in relation to privacy, security, delivery, and product returns are critically important conditions for acquiring repeat visitors. Hence, in addition to usefulness and ease of use as in TAM, trust should be a fundamental determinants of user acceptance in the context of internet shopping. Third, the user's ability on using an Internet shopping site played a moderating role. For users with low ability, ease of use was found to be a more important factors in deciding to reuse the shopping mall, whereas usefulness and trust had more effects on users with high ability. Applying the EML theory to these findings, we can suggest that experienced and knowledgeable ISM users tend to elaborate on such usefulness aspects as efficient and effective shopping performance and trust factors as ability, benevolence, integrity, and predictability of a shopping site before they become repeat visitors of the site. In contrast, novice users tend to rely on the low elaborating features, such as the perceived ease of use. The existence of moderating effects suggests the fact that different individuals evaluate an ISM from different perspectives. The expert users are more interested in the outcome of the visit(usefulness) and trustworthiness(trust) than those novice visitors. The latter evaluate the ISM in a more superficial manner focusing on the novelty of the site and on other instrumental beliefs(ease of use). This is consistent with the insights proposed by the Heuristic-Systematic model. According to the Heuristic-Systematic model. a users act on the principle of minimum effort. Thus, the user considers an ISM heuristically, focusing on those aspects that are easy to process and evaluate(ease of use). When the user has sufficient experience and skills, the user will change to systematic processing, where they will evaluate more complex aspects of the site(its usefulness and trustworthiness). This implies that an ISM has to provide a minimum level of ease of use to make it possible for a user to evaluate its usefulness and trustworthiness. Ease of use is a necessary but not sufficient condition for the acceptance and use of an ISM. Overall, the empirical results generally support the proposed model and identify the moderating effect of the effects of user ability. More detailed interpretations and implications of the findings are discussed. The limitations of this study are also discussed to provide directions for future research.