• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.74-81
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• 2003

The need for insect and mite resistant turfgrass cultivars arose because of problems associated with pesticide use. Representative cultivars and genotypes of 18 warm-season turfgrass [Zoysia japonica Steud., Z. japonica${\times}$Z. metrella hybrids, Z. japonica${\times}$Z. tenuifotia hybrids, Z. matrella (L.) Merr., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., C. dactylon${\times}$C. transvallensis hybrids, Paspalum notatum Flugge., P. vaginatum Swartz., Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze, Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro.) and Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] and 20 cool-season turfgrasses [Poa pratensis L., Festuca arundinacea Schreb., F. rubra L., F. rubra var. commutata Gaud., F. ovina var. duriuscula L. Koch. Agrostis tenuis Sibth., A. palustris Huds., and Latium perenne L.] were evaluated for host resistance to feeding by the Spodoptera depravata (Butler) in the laboratory. Two experiments were set up in the laboratory using 8.5cm diameter${\times}$4.0cm deep plastic petri dishes as larvae feeding chambers. In experiment 1, one neonate larvae were place on the grass in each dish and the dishes were arranged with 5 replicates each within an environmental chamber maintained at $25^{\circ}C$ and 15h light: 9h dark Larval survival and larval weights at 7d and 14d, pupal weights, and days to pupation were compared among turfgrasses. In Experiment 2, 4cm sections of all grasses were oriented equidistant from each other in a pattern resembling the spokes of a wheel. Five one neonate larvae were introduced to the center of each dish. Dishes were immediately placed in an environmental chamber held at $25^{\circ}C$, 15h light: 9h dark Larvae were allowed to feed for 24h. Damage was rated from 0(no damage) to 9(completely consumed) were made for eachturfgrass. Resistance as antibiosis (high mortality, slowed growth, and least preference) was identified in Z. japonica${\times}$Z. tenuifolia hybirids ‘Emerald’, Z. japonica${\times}$Z. metrella hybirds ‘Miyako’ and Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro.). Cool-season turfgrasses tested were susceptible to feeding by Spodoptera depravata (Butler).

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the vegetation, distribution and growth pattern of Glehnia littoralis community by the DCA ordination method in eastern coast of Korea. The number of plant species growth with G. littoralis in natural habitat was found 51 taxa, and species of high frequency among 51 taxa was Ixeris repens, Calystegia soldanella, Carex kobomugi, Elymus mollis, Lathyrus japonica and Zoysia macrostachya. Indicator species of Z. macrostachya, Linaria japonica, C. soldanella, I. repens, Carex pumila, Artemisia capillaris, Oenothera biennis, L. japonica and E. mollis in G. littoralis community was differential species of syntaxonomy. C. kobomugi, Z. macrostachya, E. mollis, Cynodon dactylon and L. japonica was the distribution in dryness sand and moisture sandyloam, I. repens, C. soldanella, L. japonica and C. pumila was the distribution in dryness sand. In coastal dune, I. repens, C. soldanella, Salsola komarovi and G. littoralis combined strength of the distribution, and sand of coast was typical of the habitat.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.357-360
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• 1997

Multiple shoot formation was obtained from excised axillary buds of Achyranthes japonica NAKAI cultured on MS media containing various growth regulators such as auxin and cytokinin. The highest average number of shoots was obtained in 1 mg/L NAA and 2 mg/L BA after 6 weeks (25.8 adventitious shoots per node). Although the regeneration rate was less than the former condition, optimal combination for the production of more shoots with a suitable size was 0.5 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L BA (19.7 adventitious shoots per node). Roots were induced from regenerated shoots after 3 weeks culture, transferred to 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L IBA. Micropropagated plants were successfully transferred to soil.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.488-496
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• 2021

In this study, a study was conducted to utilize Orostachys japonica A. Berger EtOAc fraction extract as an antibacterial activity and cosmetic ingredient. As a result of measuring the antimicrobial activity of Orostachys japonica A. Berger EtOAc, the growth of S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and P. aeruginosa was inhibited. Among them, S. aureus was an extract of 18.35 ± 1.5 mm Orostachys japonica A. Berger EtOAc fraction at a concentration of 0.5 g / mL, showing superior antibacterial activity than methyl paraben (16.83 ± 1.0 mm), and was shown as a positive control. As a result of evaluating the MIC of the Orostachys japonica A. Berger EtOAc fraction extract through MIC measurement, the remaining strains excluding Candida. A showed a MIC of 17.5 mg/mL. As a result of evaluating the cosmetic preservation effect through the challenge test applied to the cosmetic emulsion formulation, the growth inhibitory effect of S. aureus in the emulsion containing 0.3% Orostachys japonica A. Berger EtOAc fraction extract 7 days after microbial inoculation was 100%.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.49-52
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• 2001

conditions for callus induction and plant regeneratin from seeds of lawngrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) were confirmed in this study. MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium containg 2,4-D 3 or 5mg/l was used for callus induction, and MS medium with different volumes of BA, NAA and kinetin hormones was used to regenerate the plants from induced calli. MS basic medium containing agar with no hormones or kinetin 1.0mg/l and MS basic medium containing gelite and NAA 1.0mg/l were higher for green callus induction. MS medium containing agar and kinetin 1.0mg/l ws highest degree of efficiency for plant regeneration.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.337-347
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• 2017

In this study, free radical scavenging activity and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) experiments were carried out using Dioscorea japonica (D. japonica) and Chenopodium album (C. album) extracts to evaluate their anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. In the free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) scavenging activity, $EC_{50}$ of D. japonica and C. album were measured as 2.386 and 0.524 mg/mL, respectively. The free radical scavenging activity of the mixed sample of D. japonica and C. album was the highest when the D. japonica and C. album ratio was 2 : 1. The IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ ELISA assay showed that IL-6 in mouse spleen cells treated 1 mg/mL of samples, D. japonica and C. album decreased the production of IL-6 concentration by 27.17%, 72.30%. In the case of $TNF-{\alpha}$, D. japonica and C. album decreased 61.97% and 77.85% of $TNF-{\alpha}$ production, respectively. Through these results, we confirmed that D. japonica and C. album have antioxidant and anti - inflammatory effects and could be applied to natural medicine cosmetic having anti - inflammatory effects.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.673-677
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• 2013

In order to examine the effects of Korean cucurbitaceous plants on sonic hedgehog pathway and growth of cancer cells with over-activated hedgehog pathway, we measured the sonic hedgehog conditioned medium (shh-CM) induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and cell viability of pancreatic cancer cell lines by treatment of cucurbitaceous plants. Among the tested cucurbitaceous plants, Actinostemma lobatum Maxim, Cucumis sativus L., Momordica charantia L., Schizopepon bryoniaefolius Maxim and Trichosanthes kirilowii Max, var. japonica Kitam showed the potent inhibitory effects (> 50 % at $20{\mu}g/mL$) on shh-CM induced ALP activity. We also evaluated the cell viability of pancreatic cancer cells treated with the cucurbitaceous plants. The tested cucurbitaceous plants showed the very weak effects on cancer cell proliferation but, T. kirilowii Max, var. japonica Kitam presented the inhibitory effect of 72.7 % on the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells at $20{\mu}g/mL$. Taken together, we screened the effects of Korean cucurbitaceous plants on shh-CM induced ALP activity and cell viability of pancreatic cancers to search for the modulators of the hedgehog pathway leading to the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. T. kirilowii Max, var. japonica Kitam, among the tested cucurbitaceous plants, showed the inhibitory effects on the shh-CM induced ALP activity and the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.65-69
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• 2009

The present study investigated the antiproliferative effect of Litsea japonica in HL-60/ADR, adriamycin resistant human promyelocytic leukemia cells. The 80% ethanol extract of L. japonica markedly inhibited the growth of HL-60/ADR cells. When HL-60/ADR cells were treated with the extract, several apoptosis events like as DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation and the increase of the population of sub-G1 hypodiploid cells were observed. In the mechanism of apoptosis induction by L. japonica, we examined the changes of Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression levels, and activation of caspases. After the HL-60/ADR cells were treated with the extract, the Bcl-2 expression was decreased, whereas the expression of Bax was increased in a time-dependent manner compared to the control. In addition, the active forms of caspase-9 and -3 were increased and the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, a vital substrate of effector caspase, was observed. The results suggest that the inhibitory effect of L. japonica on the growth of the HL-60/ADR appears to arise from the induction of apoptosis via the down-regulation of Bcl-2 and the activation of caspases.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.32-43
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• 2020

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-oxidant and anti-aging effect of the seed of Camellia japonica L. extracted by supercritical CO₂. Methods : The cell viability was performed by MTT assay. Nitric oxide (NO) production was performed by NO assay. The anti-oxidant effect was performed by beta-carotene bleaching assay and the intracellular proteome was analyzed expression of each 15 proteins by 2-D electrophoresis. Results : Fatty acid analysis of extract from Camellia japonica L. has shown oleic acid was 84%. And the antioxidant effect was about 186% compared with alpha-tocoperol(0.1%) by beta carotene bleaching assay. In 2D PAGE analysis, fifteen protein changes in five mechanisms which was collagen synthesis pathway, MMPs, ECM-cell interaction, cytokine, antioxidant enzymes were analyzed. Conclusions : On this study extract from seed of Camellia japonica L. by supercritical extraction could be used as a antioxidant and antiaging substance for the skin.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.681-686
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze the chemical component of Camellia japonica L. according to picking time. Leaves of Camellia japonica L. were picked in April and May,2003. Free sugars (fructose, glucose and sucrose) and organic acids (citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, acetic acid) were present in the Camellia japonica L. leaf. The contents of total free sugars and organic acids increased as picking time was delayed. The major components of free amino acids were aspartic acid, glutamic acid and histidine, and those of total amino acids were histidine and alanine. The contents of total free amino acids and total amino acids were decreased as picking time was delayed, while the ratio of essential amino acids to the total amino acids increased. The amount of minerals (P, Ca, K, Na and Fe), chlorophyll and total polyphenol increased as picking time was delayed.