• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2024

The white-box implementation is a cryptographic technique used to protect the secret key of a cryptographic system. It is primarily employed for digital rights management for music and videos. Since 2002, numerous white-box implementations have been developed to ensure secure digital rights management. These have been applied to AES and DES. ARIA, a 128-bit block cipher with an involution substitution and permutation network (SPN), was selected as a South Korean standard in 2004. In this paper, we propose the first white-box ARIA implementation. Our implementation consists of 7,696 lookup tables, with a total size of 1,984 KB. We demonstrate that it also has considerable white-box diversity and white-box ambiguity from a security perspective.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.271-277
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• 2005

This study was undertaken to determine the normal appearance of the postpartum uterine involution. Postpartum changes in uterine shape, architecture, echogenicity and diameter were monitored with ultrasonography in 8 Cocker spaniel bitches. The excretory period of vaginal discharges in 8 normal bitches of uterine involution was finished completely at 23.20$\pm$2.77 days (Mean$\pm$SD) postpartum. The short axis shape of the uterus was varied from polygonal to circular. This lasted until 1600$\pm$2.12 days Postpartum, during which time the short axis uterine shape gradually changed to circular. Also, the long axis shape of the uterus was created a beaded appearance of the horns until 25.60$\pm$2.51 days postpartum. The uterine diameter was decreased not only in the placental sites from 24.20$\pm$2.06mm at 1 day to 13.18$\pm$0.84mm at 7 days postpartum, but also in the interplacental sites 14.26$\pm$2.22mm at 1 day, 9.81$\pm$0.7mm at 7 days postpartum. There was a general trend of decreasing uterine diameter, which occurred more rapidly at the placental sites. In conclusion, normal postpartum uterine involution in Cocker spainel bitches appeared to be completed around 68 days postpartum by gross findings such as vaginal discharges, and by ultrasongraphic findings, uterine shape and echogenicity.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.233-239
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of intra-uterine infusion of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on uterine involution in dairy cows with retained placenta. The LPS isolated from Bacteroides helcogenes and Fusobaoterium varium was infused at the rate of 100 ug (n=11) and 200 ug (n=11) with 30 ml of phosphate buffer saline in each cow at 20 days post-partum. The cows in conrol group (n=11) with retained placenta were infused with 30 ml phosphate buffer saline in each cow at 20 days postpartum. Cross-sectional ultrasonography was performed at days 40 postpartum to examine uterine involution and exudate in the all dairy cows in study. The cows in control group have shown 45.5, 27.3 and 27.3% gravid horn with less than 30 mm (normal), $31{\sim}50mm$ (medium) and more than 51 mm (large) in diameter. Respective average values of gravid horn diameter in cows treated with LPS 200 ug were noticed 72.7, 18.2 and 9.1%. However, the gravid horn diameter in all the cows treated with 100 ug of LPS was less than 30 mm. The 18.2, 63.6 and 54.6% cows in the control, LPS 100 ug and LPS 200 ug, respectively, have shown no exudate in uterine cavity. However, the respective rates of small amount of exudate retention in uterine cavity were 45.5, 0.0, and 9.1%. Approximately 36.4% cows in all 3 treated groups have shown minute quantity of exudate. In conclusion, the LPS intra-uterine infusion promoted postpartum uterine involution in dairy cows with retained placenta.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.447-454
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• 2018

Background: Korean ginseng has been widely evaluated to treat human diseases; however, most studies on Korean ginseng have focused on its root. In this study, polysaccharides [acidic-polysaccharide-linked glycopeptide (APGP) extracted with 90% ethanol and hot water] were prepared from Korean ginseng berries, and their effect on immunosenescence was explored. Methods: The effect of APGP on thymic involution was evaluated by measuring the size of thymi dissected from aged mice. The effect of APGP on populations of immune cells, including natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells, age-correlated CD11c-positive B cells, and several subtypes of T cells [CD4-positive, CD8-positive, and regulatory (Treg) T cells] in the thymi and spleens of aged mice was analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-6 were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis. Profiles of APGP components were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Results: APGP suppressed thymic involution by increasing the weight and areas of thymi in aged mice. APGP increased the population of NK cells, but showed no effect on the population of dendritic cells in the thymi and spleens of aged mice. APGP decreased the population of age-correlated CD11c-positive B cells in the spleens of aged mice. APGP showed no effect on the populations of CD4- and CD8-positive T cells in the thymi of aged mice, whereas it increased the population of Treg cells in the spleens of aged mice. APGP further decreased the reduced serum levels of IL-2 in aged mice, but serum levels of IL-6 were not statistically changed by APGP in aged mice. Finally, HPLC analysis showed that APGP had one major peak at 15 min (a main type of polysaccharide) and a long tail up to 35 min (a mixture of a variety of types of polysaccharides). Conclusion: These results suggested that APGP exerted an anti-immunosenescent effect by suppressing thymic involution and modulating several types of immune cells.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.601-612
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• 2017

Let Q be the frame g-loop quiver, i.e. a generalized ADHM quiver obtained by replacing the two loops into g loops. The vector space M of representations of Q admits an involution ${\ast}$ if orthogonal and symplectic structures on the representation spaces are endowed. We prove equivalence between semisimplicity of representations of the ${\ast}-invariant$ subspace N of M and the orbit-closedness with respect to the natural adjoint action on N. We also explain this equivalence in terms of King's stability [8] and orthogonal decomposition of representations.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.481-484
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• 2003

We will show that if U is a Bergman ball E($\alpha;\;\delta$) in $B_n\;\subset\;{\mathbb{C}_n}$ and if U has M-harmonic volume mean value property at a for all M-harmonic functions f on $\={U} $, then U must be a ball centered at the origin with $\alpha\;=\;0$.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.691-701
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• 2006

In this paper, we construct a new exotic smooth 4-manifold X which is homeomorphic, but not diffeomorphic, to ${\mathbb{C}}\mathbb{P}^2{\sharp}13\overline{\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}}^2$. Moreover the manifold X has vanishing Seiberg-Witten invariants for all $Spin^c$-structures of X and has no symplectic structure.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.661-679
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• 1995

The concept of the structure conformal vector field C on a Sasakian manifold M is defined. The existence of such a C on M is determined by an exterior differential system in involution. In this case M is a foliate manifold and the vector field C enjoys the property to be exterior concurrent. This allows to prove some interesting properties of the Ricci tensor and Obata's theorem concerning isometries to a sphere. Different properties of the conformal Lie algebra induced by C are also discussed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.223-234
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• 2012

We prove a Guillemin-Sternberg geometric quantization formula for circle action on odd dimensional $spin^c$-manifolds. We prove two Kostant type formulas in this case. As a corollary, we get a cutting formula for the odd spinc quantization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.163-163
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• 2007