• Title/Summary/Keyword: inorganic oxide

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Effect of Retention System on the Characteristics of Floc and Retention (보류 시스템이 Floc 특성과 보류에 미치는 영향)

  • 김용식;원종명
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.33 no.3
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    • pp.9-17
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    • 2001
  • The floc characteristics of base paper stock for coating by the retention aid system consisting of polyacrylamide (high molecular weight low charge density, HMLC) and PEI without and with anionic inorganic oxide (IO) were investigated under various shear conditions of MDDA (modified dynamic drainage analyzer). The floc size was increased with cationic electrolytes dosage whatever inorganic oxide is applied or not. The effect of inorganic oxide on the floc size showed the different result between PAM and PEI. The smaller floc was obtained by PAM without inorganic oxide, but larger floc was obtained by PAM with inorganic oxide. However, the effect of shear force was not observed. Floc formation index was decreased by the addition of cationic electrolytes with or without inorganic oxide. Floc formation index had better correlation format formation index than floc size. The relationships between wet web permeability and mat air permeability showed the significant linear correlation ($R^2$=0.97~0.98) for HML PAM and PEI. Floc formation index gave more useful information than the retention measurement when the performance of retention aids is evaluated at the laboratory before applying at the paper mill.

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Construction and Characterization of Poly (Phenylene Oxide)-Based Organic/Inorganic Composite Membranes Containing Graphene Oxide for the Development of an Anion Exchange Membrane with Extended Ion Cluster (확장된 이온 클러스터를 갖는 음이온 교환막 개발을 위한 그래핀 옥사이드를 함유한 폴리(페닐렌 옥사이드) 기반 유·무기 복합막의 제조 및 특성분석)

  • CHU, JI YOUNG;YOO, DONG JIN
    • Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.524-533
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    • 2021
  • In this study, a series of anion conductive organic/inorganic composite membranes with excellent ionic conductivity and chemical stability were prepared by introducing graphene oxide (GO) inorganic nanofiller into the quaternized poly(phenylen oxide (Q-PPO) polymer matrix. The fabricated organic/inorganic composite membranes showed higher ionic conductivity than the pristine membrane. In particular, Q-PPO/GO 0.7 showed the highest ionic conductivity value of 143.2 mS/cm at 90℃, which was 1.56 times higher than the pristine membrane Q-PPO (91.5 mS/cm). In addition, the organic/inorganic composite membrane showed superior dimensional stability and alkaline stability compared to the pristine membrane, and the physicochemical stability was improved as the content of inorganic fillers increased. Therefore, we suggest that the as-prepared organic/inorganic composite membranes are very promising materials for anion exchange membrane applications with high conductivity and alkaline stability.

Proton Conductivity and Methanol Transport Behaviour of PVdF/SPEEK/$TiO_2$ Hybrid Membrane (PVdF/SPEEK/$TiO_2$ 하이브리드 막의 프로톤 전도도 및 메탄올 전이현상)

  • You, Sun-Kyung;Kalappa, Preshantha;Park, Soo-Gil
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2005.07a
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    • pp.409-411
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    • 2005
  • A series of inorganic-organic hybrid membranes were prepared with a systematic variation of titanium dioxidenanoparticles content. Their water uptake, methanol permeability and proton conductivity as a function of inorganic oxide content were investigated. The results obtained show that the inorganic oxide network decreases the proton conductivity and water swelling. It is also found that increase in inorganic oxide content leads to decrease of methanol permeability. In terms of the morphology, membranes are homogeneous and exhibit a good adhesion between inorganic domains and the polymer matrix. The properties of the composite membranes are compared with the standard nation membrane.

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Water Swelling and Methanol Transport Behaviour of $PVdF/SPEEK/TiO_2$ Hybrid Membrane (PVdF/SPEEK/TiO2 하이브리드 막의 수분함량과 메탄올 전이현상)

  • Yu Seon Gyeong;Kim Han Ju;Park Su Gil;Kim Yeong Jae
    • 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2005.07a
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    • pp.233-240
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    • 2005
  • A series of inorganic-organic hybrid membranes were prepared with a systematic variation of titanium dioxidenanoparticles content. Their water uptake, methanol permeability and proton conductivity as a function of inoranic oxide content were investigated. The results obtained show that the inorganic oxide network decreases the proton conductivity and water swelling. It is also found that increase In inorganic oxide content leads to decrease of methanol permeability. In terms of the morphology, membranes are homogeneous and exhibit a good adhesion between inorganic domains and the polymer matrix. The properties of the composite membranes are compared with the standard nafion membrane.

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Liquid uptake and Methanol Transport Behaviour of $PVdF/SPEEK/TiO_2$ Hybrid Membrane for DMFC (DMFC용 $PVdF/SPEEK/TiO_2$ 하이브리드 막의 수분함량과 메탄올 전이현상)

  • You, Sun-Kyung;Kim, Han-Joo;Kim, Young-Jae;Park, Soo-Gil
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.194-196
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    • 2005
  • A series of inorganic-organic hybrid membranes were prepared with a systematic variation of titanium dioxidenanoparticles content. Their liquid uptake, methanol permeability and proton conductivity as a function of inoranic oxide content were investigated. The results obtained show that the inorganic oxide network decreases the proton conductivity and liquid uptake. It is also found that increase in inorganic oxide content leads to decrease of methanol permeability. In terms of the morphology, membranes are homogeneous and exhibit a good adhesion between inorganic domains and the polymer matrix. The properties of the composite membranes are compared with the standard nafion membrane.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Co-Surfactant Templated Mesoporous Materials with Enhanced Hydrothermal Stability

  • Kim Geon-Joong;Kim Hyun-Seok;Ko Yoon Soo;Kwon Yong Ku
    • Macromolecular Research
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.499-505
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    • 2005
  • Ordered mesoporous materials with a hydrothermally-stable, protozeolitic framework were prepared by exploring the direct conversion of inorganic species based on co-surfactant templating systems. To confer hydrothermal stability on the mesoporous aterials, the organic-inorganic hybrids were heat-treated in strongly basic media. Co-surfactant templating systems of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide [$C_{16}H_{13}(CH_{3})_{3}$NBr, CTAB] with 1,3,5-trim­ethylbenzene (TMB) or a nonionic block copolymer of poly(ethylene oxide )-b-poly(propylene oxide )-b-poly(ethyl­ene oxide) ($EO_{20}PO_{70}EO_{20}$) were employed to improve the hydrothermal stability of the organic-inorganic self-assembly during the solid rearrangement process of the inorganic species. The mesoscopic ordering of the pore structure and geometry was identified by X-ray diffraction, small angle neutron scattering and electron microscopy.

A study of the NF3 plasma etching reaction with cobalt oxide films grown on an inorganic compounds

  • Jae-Yong Lee;Kyung-Min Kim;Min-Seung Ko;Yong-Soo Kim
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.54 no.12
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    • pp.4449-4459
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    • 2022
  • In this study, an NF3 plasma etching reaction with a cobalt oxide (Co3O4) films grown on the surface of inorganic compounds using granite was investigated. Experimental results showed that the etching rate can be up to 1.604 mm/min at 380 ℃ under 150 W of RF power. EDS and XPS analysis showed that main reaction product is CoF2, which is generated by fluorination in NF3 plasma. The etching rate of cobalt oxide films grown on inorganic compounds in this study was affected by surface roughness and etch selectivity. This study demonstrates that the plasma surface decontamination can effectively and efficiently remove contaminated nuclides such as cobalt attached to aggregate in concrete generated when decommissioning of nuclear power plants.

Liquid Uptake and Methanol Transport Behaviour of PVDF/SPEEK/TiO2 Hybrid Membrane for DMFC (DMFC용 PVDF/SPEEK/TiO2 하이브리드 막의 수분함량과 메탄올 전이현상)

  • You, Sun-Kyung;Kim, Han-Joo;Park, Soo-Gil
    • Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.177-180
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    • 2005
  • A series of inorganic-organic hybrid membranes were prepared with a systematic variation of titanium dioxide nano particles content. Their liquid uptake, methanol permeability and proton conductivity as a function of inorganic oxide content were investigated. The results obtained show that the inorganic oxide network decreases the proton conductivity and liquid uptake. It is also found that increase in inorganic oxide content leads to decrease of methanol permeability. In terms of the morphology, membranes are homogeneous and exhibit a good adhesion between inorganic domains and the polymer matrix. The properties of the composite membranes are compared with the standard nafion membrane.

Effect of annealing temperature on amorphous indium zinc oxide thin films prepared by a sol-gel spin-coating method

  • Lee, Sang-Hyun;Lee, Seung-Yup;Park, Byung-Ok
    • Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.15-18
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    • 2012
  • Transparent conductive indium zinc oxide thin films were prepared by spin-coating a sol-gel solution. Zinc acetate dihydrate [$Zn(CH_3COO)_2{\cdot}2H_2O$] and indium acetate [In$(CH_3COO)_3$] were used as starting precursors, and 2-methoxyethanol with 1-propanol as solvents. Upon annealing in a temperature range from 500 to $1000^{\circ}C$, the thin film crystallizes into polycrystalline $In_2O_3$(ZnO). The lowest electrical resistivity was obtained at an annealing temperature of $700^{\circ}C$ as $2{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$. Average optical transmittances were higher than 80% at all annealing temperatures. These experimental results confirm that the sol-gel spin-coating can be a good simplified practical method for forming transparent electrodes.

Synthesis and Properties of CuNx Thin Film for Cu/Ceramics Bonding

  • Chwa, Sang-Ok;Kim, Keun-Soo;Kim, Kwang-Ho
    • The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.222-226
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    • 1998
  • $Cu_3N$ film deposited on silicon oxide substrate by r.f. reactive sputtering technique. Synthesis and properties of copper nitride film were investigated for its possible application to Cu metallization as adhesive interlayer between copper and $SiO_2. Cu_3N$ film was synthesized at the substrate temperature ranging from $100^{\circ}C$ to $200^{\circ}C$ and at nitrogen gas ratio above $X_{N2}=0.4. Cu_3N, CuN_x$, and FGM-structured $Cu/CuN_x$ films prepared in this work passed Scotch-tape test and showed improved adhesion property to silicon oxide substrate compared with Cu film. Electrical resistivity of copper nitride film had a dependency on its lattice constant and was ranged from 10-7 to 10-1 $\Omega$cm. Copper nitride film was, however, unstable when it was annealed at the temperature above $400^{\circ}C$.

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