• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권9호
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• pp.1214-1221
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 영 유아용 조제식의 안전성에 대한 소비자의 신뢰도를 회복하고 영 유아의 성장 및 발달에 도움이 되고자 우리나라, CODEX, EU, 호주 및 뉴질랜드의 영 유아용 조제식내 식품첨가물 및 오염물질 기준을 비교 분석하고 국내 영 유아용 조제식 기준의 문제점과 개선방안을 다음과 같이 제시하였다. 영 유아용 조제식내 식품첨가물 기준은 영양품질 개선을 목적으로 하는 영양 강화제와 식품에 첨가물 용도로 사용되는 식품첨가물로 분류하여 비교하였다. 영양 강화제의 경우 CODEX, EU, 호주 및 뉴질랜드에서는 영양소 유형에 따라 분류하여 제시한 반면, 우리나라에서는 영양 강화제의 명칭을 종합적으로 나열하여 제시하였다. 따라서 우리나라에서도 영양 강화제에 대하여 영양소별로 구분하여 제시할 필요성이 제기된다. 또한 첨가물 용도로 사용되는 식품첨가물의 경우 국내에서는 허용량이 규정되어 있지 않으므로 허용 식품첨가물의 명칭 및 최대 허용량을 제시하여 국제 기준과의 조화를 고려하도록 한다. 오염물질기준의 경우 국내에서는 일부 위해 미생물(E. sakazakii, B. cereus)과 방사선 조사처리 기준만 설정되어 있으나, CODEX 및 EU는 농약 기준을, 호주 및 뉴질랜드는 위해 미생물(Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp.)과 중금속 중 납과 알루미늄의 최대 허용량에 대한 허용기준을 추가로 규정하고 있다. 따라서 우리나라 영 유아용 조제식의 안전성을 입증할 수 있는 과학적인 자료를 토대로 위해 미생물, 농약 및 기타 오염물질 기준을 정량적으로 추가 제시할 필요성이 제기된다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 1998

Scanning electron microscopic appearance of infant milk formula indicated that mostly agglomerate with few or more diverse number of particles and also apple like as well as typical feature of drying in raw milk. Small particle of infant milk formula become agglomerate progressively. Some sample represent crystalline rectangular among the globular agglomerates which seem to be a different composites or those of solubility. Some sample showed the irregular porosity at central sec-scanning electron microscopic study between Korea and European products.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2008

Objectives : The relativity of food allergy to infant atopic dermatitis and the effect of dietary treatment were studied. Methods : Many kinds of medical thesis and books about food allergy and infant atopic dermatitis were surveyed. Results and Conclusion : In this study, we found that food allergen is concerned in infant atopic dermatitis. So the proper dietary treatment can not only improve the symptoms of atopic dermatitis but also prevent atopic dermatitis itself, especially to infants, But before taking dietary treatment, patients' balance of growth and development should be considered, Because they are in the growth period.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.1000-1007
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• 2019

This study investigated protein digestibility of beef puree in infant and adult in vitro digestion models. The simulated digestive juices for infant and adult were prepared. Protein digestibility of beef puree was calculated in the gastric and gastrointestinal compartments. The 10% trichloroacetic acid soluble nitrogen and α-amino group contents of gastric digesta were lower in the infant in vitro digestion model than those in the adult in vitro digestion model (p<0.05). In addition, the gastrointestinal digesta from the infant in vitro digestion model had lower value of the 10% trichloroacetic acid soluble nitrogen and α-amino group contents than those of the adult in vitro digestion model (p<0.05). The results of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the remarkable bands of actin and myosin light chain B were found in the digesta of beef puree from the infant in vitro digestion model. The results of this study revealed the lower protein digestibility of beef puree in infants compared to that in adults. Therefore, the development of ways to increase digestibility of meat protein can improve the nutritional quality of meat products for infants.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.251-262
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• 2004

The aim of this study was to assess the nutrient intakes from infant formula and supplemental foods of 246 healthy infants fed infant formula, aged from 5 to 18 months. Subjects were devided into two groups depending on supplemental food type for weaning, Domestic supplemental foods (mainly home-made, n = 129) and Delivery supplemental foods (mainly commercially-delivered, n = 117). Four subgroups were assigned to 5-6 months, 7-8 months, 9-11 months, and 12-18 months by ages, respectively. Dietary assessment was carried out using 24-hour-recall method. Formula intakes in the delivery group tended to decrease accordingly with the ages. However, in the domestic group, formula intakes up to 8 months were similar and decreased after 9 month. Energy, protein, calcium and iron intakes from infant formula and supplemental foods were assessed. Energy intake at 12-18 months were lower than the RDA in both groups. Daily intake of protein and calcium at all ages were much higher than the RDA in both groups. Therefore, protein and calcium overnutrition were elucidated. Especially, protein intake at 5-6 months, calcium intake at all ages from infant formula was higher than the RDA in both groups. Iron intake at 5-6 months from infant formula were higher than the RDA. Consequently, as for infant formula, it was suggested that not only formula intakes but also nutrient content in formula should be reconsidered. On the other hand, nutrient intakes from supplemental foods in the domestic group tended to be higher than that of the delivery group. Especially at 9-11 months, significant differences between the two groups were observed. This may be due to high dependency on commercial powdered baby food in the domestic group. This study revealed that daily nutrient intakes of formula-fed infants are desirable but nutrient intakes from infant formula are too high. Conclusively, this study suggests that as the age of infants increases, formula intakes should be controlled and various supplemental foods besides commercially powdered baby food should be appropriately provided.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2007년도 제48회 학술심포지움 및 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.56.1-56.1
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• 2007

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• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.749-756
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• 2014

A rapid and simple analytical method for L-carnitine was developed for infant and toddler formulas by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A 0.3 g of infant formula and toddler formula sample was mixed in a 50 mL conical tube with 9 mL water and 1 mL 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) to chemical extraction. Then, chloroform was used for removing a lipid fraction. After centrifuged, L-carnitine was separated and quantified using LC-MS/MS with electrospray ionization (ESI) mode. The precursor ion for L-carnitine was m/z 162, and product ions were m/z 103 (quantitative) and m/z 85 (qualitative), respectively. The results for spiked recovery test were in the range of 93.18-95.64% and the result for certified reference material (SRM 1849a) was within the range of the certificated values. This method could be implemented in many laboratories that require time and labor saving.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제11권sup1호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2008

According to the hygiene hypothesis, westernized and urbanized life style leads to the increase of allergic disease. This hypothesis supports the use of probiotic therapy for the prevention or treatment of food allergy. The probiotics which contains potentially beneficial microorganism have been used for the treatment of some gastrointestinal disorders and atopic disease as dietary supplements. Many results of studies support the immunologic bases of probiotics therapy. The most important mechanism is that probiotics suppress Th2-skewed immunity as the stimulation of regulatory T cell. The difficulties of diagnosis of food allergy, variable symptoms, many kinds of microorganism, diet style and non-standardized study designs are attributed to the variety and controversy of the effectiveness of probiotics in food allergy with infant and children. More studies is needed to confirm the efficacy of probiotics in infant and children with food allergy.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.702-708
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• 2009

본 연구는 국내에서 시판되고 있는 분유 및 영 유아식품에서 분리한 Cronobacter spp.(Enterobacter sakazakii) 14개 균주의 biofilm 생성 능력, 산성 환경에서의 생장, 용혈성을 관찰하였다. 연구 결과, 14개의 분리균주는 polyethylene에서 biofilm을 생성하였으며 영양성분이 풍부할수록 biofilm을 강하게 생성하였다. 영양성분의 종류에 따른 biofilm 생성 능력 차이는 뚜렷한 경향을 나타내지 않았으며, Cronobacter spp.의 biofilm 생성 능력은 균주별 특성에 의한 것으로 판단된다. 다양한 pH 환경에서 생장 특성을 관찰한 결과, 14개 중 7개의 균주(50%)가 pH 4.1에서도 생장할 수 있어 국외 균주에 비해 내산성이 비교적 낮게 나타났다. 한편 분리된 모든 균주에서 용혈성은 관찰되지 않았다. 본 연구는 국내 영 유아용 식품에서 분리된 Cronobacter spp.의 생리 생화학적 특성을 제시하였으며 이는 향후 Cronobacter spp. 연구 및 관련 식품산업의 저감화 기술 개발에 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2010

Human milk is frequently the only food source for a newborn during the initial stage of life after birth. Milk provides not only the nutrients necessary for the infant's growth, but also ingredients that may enable the infant to thrive. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) are considered to be these beneficial ingredients for the health of infant. It has been reported that around 5 to 10 g unbound oligosaccharides and around 20 to over 130 different HMO are present in 1L of human milk. The suggested health mechanisms of HMO's roles in host defense are 1) blocking bacterial adhesions, 2) binding to a toxin receptor on the extracellular domain, and 3) postbiotic effect resulting from the increase of probiotics such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. Among the prebiotic oligosaccharides, mixtures of long chain fuetooligosaccharides (10%) and galactooligosaccharides (90%) in infant formula are demonstrated to increase the number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli to the levels seen in human milk fed infants.