• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.530-538
• /
• 2009

The Oxic-Settling-Anaerobic (OSA) treatment process, a modified Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS) process, was developed for the purpose of sludge reduction. The insertion of a sludge holding tank into a sludge return line, an anaerobic reactor, forming an OSA process, may provide a cost-effective way of reducing excess sludge production during a process. The OSA process was evaluated for its sludge reduction ability by kinetic parameter and mass balance, with an observed excess sludge reduction of 63.5%, as $P_{X.VSS}$, compared with the conventional activated sludge process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
• /
• 2006.09a
• /
• pp.95-96
• /
• 2006

Stainless steel sludge is generated as a waste in the grinding process, and the possibility of recycling stainless steel is considered here. In this study, we considered the possibility of using the stainless steel sludge as metal powder for MIM or raw material for metal foam. For the MIM process, the metal powder will need some improvement, and flotation and spheroidizing processes of the sludge are necessary. For fabrication of the metal foam, untreated sludge can be used, and steel foam about 90% porosity is produced.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 2007

In this paper, we propose sludge collection strategies which allocate each sewage store of village to sewage treatment plants and decide the schedule of sludge collection in order to collect sludge efficiently. The strategies aim to decrease transportation cost with deciding proposed vehicle routing and scheduling the sludge collection. When we decide route of vehicles, we consider the collection time in sewage store of village, distance between sewage store of villages and vehicle information as average velocity of vehicle, operation time of vehicle driver. We also develop the SCMS (Sludge Collection Management System) based on windows system with real data which is used in certain circumstance. And we experiment to figure out vehicle route and transportation cost throughout changing input data.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.157-162
• /
• 2002

A technique which could collect the traditional and the industrial hanji fibrous sludge efficiently from wastewater using a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) was developed. When the concentration of CTAC was $1{\mu}g/mL$ in wastewater that the amount of the traditional hanji fibrous sludge was about 0.08 g/L, the collecting yield was more than 95% and the collecting time was less than 30 sec. When only CTAC was used to collect the industrial hanji fibrous sludge, about 90% of collecting yield was obtained at more than $15{\mu}g/mL$ CTAC. But the sludge layer at the surface of solution was not stabilized and the flotation time was relatively longer. And, when $5{\mu}g/mL$ CTAC and various amount of PAMID$^{(R)}$ was added to the industrial hanji sludge, the collecting yield was increased and sludge layer also was more stabilized. But the collecting yield was higher in the traditional hanji sludge than in the industrial hanji sludge.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.525-533
• /
• 1996

Chemical characteristics of the industrial wastewater sludge, degradation of the sludge in soil and CO2 generation and changes of nitrogen in soil treated with the sludge were investigated. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Degradation rate of the sludge in soil was 26% at natural temperature, and 33% at incubation temperature at 12 weeks after treatment. 2. T-C, T-N and the C/N ratio of sludge in soil was 16.0%, 0.63% and 26, respectively, at natural temperature, and 15.0%, 0, 65% and 23, respectively, at incubation temperature at 12 weeks after treatment. 3, Camulative CO2 generation in soil treated with l%, 3% and 5% of sludge was 284, 440 and 512 mg/100 g, respectively, at natural temperature, and 440, 558 g and 654 mg/100g, respectively, at incubation temperature at 12 weeks after treatment. 4, Changes of :norganic nitrogen in soil treated with l%, 3% and 5% of sludge were 7.8, 12.8 and 16.3 mg/100g, respectively, at incubation temperature at 12 weeks after treatment. Mineralization ratio of organic nitrogen in soil treated with 1%, 3% and 5% of sludge was 10.7%, 13.6% and 15.2%, respectively, at incubation temperature at 12 weeks after treatment. 5. Chanties of pH in soil treated with 1%, 3% and 5% of Industrial wastewater sludge were in the range of 6.7~7, 5 at natural temperature, and 6.1~7.9 at incubation temperature at 12 weeks after treatment.

• IE interfaces
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.58-68
• /
• 2007

This research deals with a vehicle scheduling problem for the sludge collection strategies which might be solved via quantitative analysis and cost evaluations schemes. This problem can be modeled as a kind of capacitated vehicle routing pick-up problems. With the aim of establishing operation schedule of vehicles and analyzing the total cost under considering various assumptions and realistic restrictions of the sludge collection problem, we propose a heuristic method based on the genetic algorithm in conjunction with the sweep algorithm and the 4-opt algorithm. Finally, we present the cost effective operation schedule that can be used as the managing tool for the sludge treatment plant of the multi-purpose dam.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
• /
• v.36
• /
• pp.83-88
• /
• 2016

In this study, a series of experiment was carried to improve dewaterability of the sludge produced in a treatment plant, located in Hongcheon, Gangwondo, which has been treating municipal wastewater and livestock wastewater. Optimum sludge mixing ratio and the amount of sludge conditioner were determined. As sludge conditioners, alum and ferric salt were selected and tested. For the measurement of sludge dewaterability, capillary suction time(CST) and the specific resistance were measured, The specific resistance was detemined by running a series of Buchner Funnel Test. Mixing the two sludges at a 50:50 ratio with the addition of 20 mL alum gave the best results in terms of dewaterability. The moisture content decreased by 2% at this condition.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2006

The effects of turning frequency were examined on the efficiency of composting lime treated excess sludge amended with sawdust from the activated sludge process after a liquid/solids separation process. The raw and excess sludge from the activated sludge process associated with the hog wastewater treatment system is a significant problem and composting is an effective method far reducing the pollution potential of hog wastewater sludge. The coagulant used sludge composting and ammonia emissions from composting are not well established. The effect of compost properties such as high total carbon, C/N ratio and pH value on performance of composting sludge and biofiltration of ammonia from composting process were investigated. The ammonia emission was not significantly increased during composting. The ammonia concentrations of the exhaust air of composter were ranged from 0.5 and 7 ppm about 12 days after composting. The performance of the hog wastewater sludge composting was the most sensitive to chemical treated sludge properties such as high total carbon and high C/N ratio of the initial compost mixes. Temperature in compost and ammonia emission were not greatly affected by the turning frequency.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2009

This paper presents the numerical analysis of process of sludge drying to know the characteristics of design parameters and develop the new process plant. Finite volume method and $k-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model were used to analogy the sludge drying furnace. It has been attempted to perform the disposal of sewage sludge such as simple reclaiming and dumping in sea and incineration. Currently, these methods are restricted by national or international government regulations. The drying process is adopted as an effective method for sewage sludge treatment. However sewage sludge makes it difficult to treat with a large volume at the real drying process plant because of its own complicated physical, chemical, and thermal properties. The final design value of moisture content with 10% of the dried sludge can be obtained through the simulated outputs in this study.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
• /
• v.29 no.B
• /
• pp.89-94
• /
• 2009

The dyeing sludge is the major waste generated in Banwol & Sihwa Industrial Complex. The Purpose of this study is to develop BAT (Best available technique) for the treatment and recycling of dyeing sludge. The dyeing sludge was carbonized and the product was tested physical properties and chemical chracterizations and also analyzed chemical compositions. From the test results we expect that the products can be used as adsorbent for the removal of order in the poultry farm and cattle shed. The feasibility of other methods such as manufature of RDF and cement etc. were also studied.