• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.273-280
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• 2008

In order to develop a simple and reproducible protocol for red top bentgrass (Agrostis alba L.), effect of different growth regulators was investigated for embrogenic calli induction and subsequent plant regeneration using mature seeds. MS medium containing 2 mg/L 2,4-D was optimal for embryogenic callus induction from mature seeds. The highest plant regeneration frequency (64.4%) was showed when the embryogenic callus tissues were cultured on N6 medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 2 mg/L BA. Regenerated plantlets were grown normally when shoots transplanted to the soil. A high-frequency and efficient regeneration system from mature seeds would be helpful for molecular breeding of new variety of red top bentgrass through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.143-153
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• 2016

Plant regeneration via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis was investigated in Korean soybean cultivars including Cheongja 3, Jinpumkong 2, Taekwangkong and Uram. Cotyledon, cotyledon+hypocotyl and hypocotyl segments of 7-day-old seedlings were cultured on MS medium containing various concentration (0, 1, 2 and 4 ㎎/L) of BA and TDZ. The results showed that MS medium supplemented with BA 2.0 ㎎/L yielded the highest shoot formation ratio of 83.3%. In 4 cultivars, Taekwangkong showed the highest ratio of shoot formation. When various sizes of immature cotyledons (S: 1∼ 2 ㎜, M: 3∼5 ㎜, L: 6∼8 ㎜) were tested on MS medium containing 2,4-D 40 ㎎/L for somatic embryogenesis, the optimum size for embryogenic callus induction was 3∼5 ㎜ in length of immature cotyledons. In 4 cultivars, Taekwangkong showed the highest percentage of embryogenic callus induction. The results indicate that Taekwangkong is the best soybean cultivar for plant regeneration via organogenesis and embryogenic callus induction among the 4 cultivars.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.1 s.158
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• pp.39-44
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• 2005

An effective micropropagation system for Liriodendron tulipifera L via somatic embryogenesis was established using immature seeds. Immature seeds from five individual trees were bisected longitudinally and cultured on two basal media (MS and B5) containing different combinations of 2,4-D and TDZ to induce callus and embryogenic tissue under light ($40{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$, 16 hr/day) or complete darkness at $25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. There was no distinctive difference on callus and embryogenic tissue induction between the two basal media with PGRs. Optimum culture medium appeared to be MS medium supplemented with 1.0mg/L 2,4-D and 0.01mg/L TDZ plus 3% sucrose. Nonembryogenic callus induction rate was not significantly different among the genotypes. However, However, the embryogenic callus induction frequency differed greatly by the genotypes ranging from 55% to 72% when cultured in the dark. Generally, the cultures maintained in the dark tended to show normal somatic embryo development as well as embryogenic tissue formation and this was confirmed by histological examination. Above results suggest that a proper selection of mother tree and dark culture condition are necessary to optimize somatic embryogenesis system of Liriodendron tulipifera.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.129-134
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• 2001

Winter bud explants from 15 individual angelica tree (Aralia elata) were cultured in vitro to find out optimal conditions for somatic embryo induction as well as plant regeneration. Calli are induced and grown on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D for 4 weeks and subcultured on a half-strength MS medium without phytohormones to induce somatic embryos. Inter-simple sequence repeat (I-SSR) markers were analyzed with total DNAs extracted from the trees. Genotype effects on somatic embryo induction were examined by cluster analysis. Callus induction rate varied from 58.5 to 100% among the genotypes. Somatic embryo induction rate also greatly varied from 0 to 100% among the genotypes. There was a significant difference in somatic embryo induction rate even among the individual trees that showed close genetic relationships each other. This suggested that somatic embryo induction rate in Aralia elata be influenced by a few major specific genes rather than whole genomic similarity among individual trees. Four individuals of Ulneong-7, Cheju-1, Shingu and China, which are recalcitrant to somatic embryo induction, turned out to have a close genetic relationship, suggesting that both physiological and genetic factors affect somatic embryo induction. The results suggest that genotype selection be the most important factor to achieve an efficient propagation, although cultural optimization through medium and explant manipulation may also play crucial roles in somatic embryogensis as well as plant regeneration of these species.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.251-258
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• 1995

This study was carried out to find optimum concentration of germanium compounds and pH of medium on the induction and growth of callus from A. keiskei and P. ginseng and to intend to increase Ge. absorption by calli while those calli were subculturing on MS medium. Callus from a. keiskei was rarely induced under light condition. Under dark condition, callus in­duction from A. keiskei was good up to 5ppm, retarded at 50ppm of $GeO_2$, or C. E. Ge. O., and rarely done at 100 ppm of $GeO_2$ but was somewhat well at 100 ppm of C. E. Ge. O. The induction and growth of callus was good in order of pH 5. 7 > pH 5. 4 > pH 6. 0 Under light condition, the growth of callus induced from P. ginseng was poor at $1{\sim}10\;ppm$ of $GeO_2$, or C. E. Ge. O., but shooting from callus occurred frequently. Under dark condtion, the growth of callus from A. keiskei was good up to 5 ppm of $GeO_2$, or C. E. Ge. O. and was rarely done at 50 ppm of $GeO_2$, but was somewhat well even at 100 ppm of C. E. Ge. O. Shooting from callus occurred frequently in a. keiskei, especially at pH 5.7. The growth of callus from P. ginseng was poor at 10 ppm of $GeO_2$, or 50 ppm of C. E. Ge. O. Under dark condition, the amount of Ge absorption by callus induced from A. keiskei was much high­er than that from P. ginseng. The amount of Ge. absorption by callus treated with $GeO_2$, was higher than that treated with C. E. Ge. O.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.78-85
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• 1996

The effects of growth regulators, sucrose and gelling agents were investigated to increase the efficiency of the callus growth and plant regenerarion in tissue culture of Angelica koreana Max. The fresh weight and dry weight of subcultured callus was highest in MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l 2,4-D. Callus growth was excellent in 2% sucrose, but it was inhibited in propotion to sucrose content. Effect of gelling agents on callus growth was highest on 1.2% agar and 0.4% Gelrite medium, respectively. The browning of callus was protected on the media supplemented with 10 mg/l ABA and 5 or 10 mg/l $AgNO_3$. In the callus induction and growth from the peduncle of immature inflorescence, 2,4-D was more effective than NAA, and the frequency of callus induction was highest as 81.7% in 2 mg/l 2,4-D. Plant was not regenerated from the callus derived from young leaf. Somatic embryos were developed from the surface of callus drived from the peduncle of immature inflorescence in the medium containing 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D, 1 mg/l kinetin, 5 mg/l ABA and 5 mg/l $AgNO_3$. Plants were developed from the matured somatic embryos in the medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/l 2,4-D and 1 mg/l kinetin.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 1990

It was determined optimal Culture conditions and suitable growth regulators for seed germination, growth of callus, and protoplasts derived from cultured and mesophyll cells in Gremastra appendiculata. Induction of fusion between protoplasts of cultured and mesophyll cells was examined. The best conditions of seed germination and growth of callus were achieved on Hyponex medium contained plant growth regulators(2mg/l 2, 4-D, lmg/l Kinetin). Viability and regeneration of cell wall in protoplasts was determined with fluorescence microscope. Also, fused protoplasts were achieved by using PEG solution between protoplasts of cultured and mesophyll cells.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.273-276
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• 1998

Chinese foxglove (Rehmannia glutinosa) is receiving much attention as one of the principal medicinal crops and the crude drug damand expands rapidly. This study was conducted to obtain the basic breeding information of Chinese foxglove. Meristem culture was employed for virus free seedling production and miropropagation. Both Jiwhang 1 and domestic local were severely infected by potexvirus and TMV. Several growth regulators were used for the virus free stock production from Jiwhang 1 and Danyang local. Shoot formation and callus induction from the meristem culture seemed to be influenced by the content of various kinds of plant growth regulators. Kinetin supplement was the most effective on shoot formation and NAA addition was good on callus induction among the treatments. The acquired virus free stocks were confirmed using transmission electron microscope and indicate plants.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.304-308
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• 2021

Iris koreana (Iridaceae) is an endangered plant native to Korea. In order to develop an in vitro propagation method, we investigated the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on callus induction in different I. koreana tissues. In addition, we also investigated the effect of 2,4-D and Benzyl aminopurine (BA) treatments on adventitious shoot induction in viable calli and the effect of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on root formation in viable shoots. We found that callus production was highest with 1.0 mg/L NAA (94.4% cultured rhizome explants), and adding low concentrations of 2,4-D to BA containing media significantly increased the frequency of shoot primordial formation. The best rooting results were obtained with 1.0 mg/L IBA, on which 98% of regenerated shoots developed roots and produced an average of 7.4 roots within 45 days. This in vitro propagation protocol will be useful for conservation, as well as for mass propagation.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.163-168
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• 2013

Iris odaesanensis Y. N. Lee. is an important endangered and native plant belonging to the family Iridaceae in Korea. This study describes a method for rapid micropropagation of this species via from leaf, rhizome and root explants derived calli. Leaf, rhizome and root explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) for callus induction. Rhizome explants yielded calli at a frequency of 72% when cultured at 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D. Calli were maintained at 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D. These calli were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D in combination with 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/l BA for adventitious shoot induction. The highest number of adventitious shoot (228.9 per petri-dish) were formed at 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l BA. WPM medium was the best to convert calli into plantlets, where up to 98.2% of calli were regenerated into plantlets. This in vitro propagation protocol should be useful for conservation of this endangered plant.