• 자원환경지질
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.231-236
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• 1994

Fluid inclusions have been studied in phenocryst quartz from the Cretaceous porphyritic granite. Three main types of fluid inclusion were found: liquid-rich inclusion (I type), gas-rich inclusion (II type) and solid-bearing inclusions (III-A, III-B). The solid-bearing inclusions (III-A, B) represent the earliest trapped fluids. They have salinities between 63 and 67.5 wt.% equivalent NaCl. These are high saline inclusions containing NaCl and KCl daughter crystals. Homogenization temperature inferred from the fluid inclusion study ranges from 620 to $700^{\circ}C$. Type I and II inclusions were observed within the same fracture. This cause for these differences in degree of filling is evidence of boiling. Salinities of type I and II inclusions range from 10.24 wt.% to 13.44 wt.%, from 8.4 wt.% to 11.48 wt.% NaCl equivalent, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.229-242
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• 2020

Functional fractional differential inclusions with impulse effects in general Banach spaces are studied. We discuss the situation when the semigroup generated by the linear part is equicontinuous and the multifunction is Caratheodory. First, we define the PC-mild solutions for functional fractional semilinear impulsive differential inclusions. We then prove the existence of PC-mild solutions for such inclusions by using the fixed point theorem, multivalued properties and applications of NCHM (noncompactness Hausdorff measure). Eventually, we enhance the acquired results by giving an example.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.62-74
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• 1994

The concentration and particle size distribution of non-metallic inclusions which suspended in the molten aluminum at $700^{\circ}C$ were measured by using LiMCA apparatus. The result revealed that the number of inclusions increased with increasing the applied current or decreasing the orifice diameter, while decreased with increasing the purity of aluminum. And also, it was found that the number of inclusions increased with increasing the amount of boron added to molten aluminum. This was found to be attributed to the formation of the inclusions of TiB and $V_3B_2$. It was investigated that the average concentration of inclusions in a constant volume of 20ml of molten aluminum was increased in the order of pure molten aluminum, molten aluminum containing 20ppm of boron and molten aluminum used repeatly in the experimental casting in this study.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.461-473
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• 2020

Natural rock mass contains defects of different shapes, usually filled with inclusions such as clay or gravel. The presence of inclusions affects the failure characteristics and mechanical properties of rock mass. In this study, the strength and failure characteristics of rock with inclusions were studied using the particle flow code under uniaxial compression. The results show that the presence of inclusions not only improves the mechanical properties of rock with defects but also increases the bearing capacity of rock. Circular inclusion has the most obvious effect on improving model strength. The inclusions affect the stress distribution, development of initial crack, change in crack propagation characteristics, and failure mode of rock. In defect models, concentration area of the maximum tensile stress is generated at the top and bottom of defect, and the maximum compressive stress is distributed on the left and right sides of defect. In filled models, the tensile stress and compressive stress are uniformly distributed. Failing mode of defect models is mainly tensile failure, while that of filled models is mainly shear failure.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.229-234
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• 2011

식물세포 핵 내에 형성되는 여러 형태의 함유구조 특성 및 발달양상을 다양한 식물에서 조사하여 비교 논의하였다. 이들은 원시적인 양치식물에서부터 고도로 분화한 현화식물에 이르기까지 많은 식물군에서 발달하나, 종간에는 계통적학인 유연관계 없이 각각 독립적으로 나타난다. 핵 내 함유구조는 내부 미세구조 특징에 따라 부정형(amorphous), 결정형(crystalline), 섬유상(fibrillar), 판상 (lamellar), 미세관상 (tubular)의 5~6 유형으로 구분된다. 가장 흔한 유형은 결정형으로 수 마이크론에 이르는 비교적 커다란 구조를 이루며, 내부구조 간 격자거리는 약 10 nm로 배열되어 있다. 핵 함유구조들은 막으로 둘러싸이지 않고 막과는 무관하게 발달하며, 핵 기질 내 인과의 구조적, 기능적 연계성이 강하게 추정되고 있다. 핵 결정체 및 미세구조 형성에 대한 연구는 이들의 구조와 기능에 대하여 새로운 정보를 제공하나, 핵 결정체에 대한 3차원적 입체구조 분석과 이들 구조를 핵에서 분리시켜 연구할 분자생물학적, 생화학적인 실험법들이 요구되고 있다. 특히, 핵 결정의 3-D 입체구조를 재구현할 수 있는 HVEM 고압전자현미경 및 tomography에 의한 연속절편 연구는 이들 구조에 대한 심도 있는 정보를 제공할 것이다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 식물세포 내 핵에 발달하는 함유구조에 대하여 연구된 구조 및 기능 등을 연계하여 그 중요성을 종합적으로 논의하였다.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2001

In this paper, we introduce a class of generalized quasivariational inclusions for fuzzy mappings and show its equivalence with a class of fixed point problems. Using this equivalence, we develop the Mann and Ishikawa type perturbed iterative algorithms for this class of generalized quasivariational inclusions. Further, we prove the existence of solutions for the class of generalized quasivariational inclusions and discuss the convergence criteria for the perturbed algorithms.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

In this paper, we suggest and analyze some new classes of three step iterative algorithms for solving generalized quasivariational inclusions by using the properties of proximal maps. Our results include the Ishikawa, Mann iterations for solving variational inclusions(inequalities) as special cases. The results obtained in this paper represent an improvement and significant refinement of previously known results [3, 5-8, 10, 14-18].

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제19권1_2호
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• pp.493-506
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• 2005

In this paper, we study the behavior and sensitivity analysis of the solution set for a system of parametric generalized nonlinear mixed quasi-variational inclusions in Banach spaces. By using some new and innovative technique, existence theorem for the system of parametric generalized nonlinear mixed quasi-variational inclusions in $L_p(p\ge2$ spaces is established. Our results improve the known result of Agarwal et al.[1].

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2005

In this paper we introduce a new class of parametric nonlinear implicit quasivariational inclusions and obtain some results about the existence and sensitivity analysis of solutions for this kind of quasivariational inclusions.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.101-123
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• 2019

In this paper, we consider a system of nonlinear variational type inclusions involving ($H,{\varphi},{\eta}$)-monotone operators in real Banach spaces. Further, we define a proximal operator associated with an ($H,{\varphi},{\eta}$)-monotone operator and show that it is single valued and Lipschitz continuous. Using proximal point operator techniques, we prove the existence and uniqueness of a solution and suggest an iterative algorithm for the system of nonlinear variational type inclusions. Furthermore, we discuss the convergence of the iterative sequences generated by the algorithms.