• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.405-410
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• 2006

A series of aqueous or methanol extracts from four different Korean salad plants were assayed to determine their allelopathy and antioxidant activity. The extracts applied on filter paper in a Petri-dish bioassay significantly inhibited root growth of against alfalfa (Medicago sativa) seedlings. Leaf extracts from 40 g dry tissue $L^{-1}$ of Aster yomena was most phytotoxic to alfalfa root growth, and followed by that of Cirsium japonicum, Taraxacum officinale, and Ixeris dentate. Methanol extracts of plants dose-dependently increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity in vitro. Antioxidant activity of methanol extracts from the same plant species was investigated, and the result showed high DPPH free radical scavenging activity in Cirsium japonicum, Aster yomena, and Ixeris dentate, however, in Taraxacum officinale was least activity. By means of HPLC analysis, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, and total phenolics with 7.68, 17.47 and 18.64 mg, $100g^{-1}$, respectively, showed the highest amounts in methanol extracts from Cirsium japonicum leaves. These results suggest that Compositae salad plants contain water-soluble substances with allelopathic potential as well as antioxidant activity.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.189-194
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• 2007

This study investigated in vitro antioxidant activity of Sonchus oleraceus L. by extraction solvent, which were examined by reducing power, hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity(HRSA) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays. 70% MeOH extract had the greatest reducing power while EtOH extract had the greatest HRSA. The antioxidant activity of S. oleraceus extracts was concentration dependent and its $IC_{50}$ values ranged from 47.1 to $210.5\;{\mu}g/ml$ and $IC_{50}$ of 70% MeOH, boiling water and 70% EtOH extracts were 47.1, 52.7 and $56.5\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. 70% MeOH extract of S. oleraceus contained the greatest amount of both phenolic and flavonoid contents. The extracts tested had greater nitrite scavenging effects at lower pH conditions. The cytotoxic activity showed that EtOH extract had the best activity against the growth of stomach cancer cell. These results suggest that S. oleraceus extract could be used as a potential source of natural antioxidants.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.247-250
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• 2014

A lipid-soluble extract in ginseng marc was prepared by n-hexane extraction to evaluate its antioxidant and anticancer potential. A hexane extract of ginseng marc (HEGM) possessed a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging activity which was related to the amount of total phenolics. Also, HEGM showed a potent inhibitory activity on human non-small cell lung cancer (A549, $GI_{50}=34.0{\mu}g/mL$) and colon cancer (SNU-C4, $GI_{50}=45.2{\mu}g/mL$) cells proliferation in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner as did the hexane extract of ginseng with $GI_{50}$ values of $20.0{\mu}g/mL$ in A549 and $37.0{\mu}g/mL$ in SNU-C4. These results imply that HEGM can be utilized as an antioxidant and anticancer substance.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.26-29
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• 2002

The MeOH extract of Sorbus commixta (Rosaceae) exhibited strong DPPH radical scavenging activity, and through activity-guided fractionation two antioxidant compounds were isolated and identified as $catechin-7-O-{\beta}-D-xylopyranoside$ (1) and $catechin-7-O-\;{\beta}-D-apiofuranoside$ (2) by physicochemical and spectrometric methods. To evaluate the antioxidant effect of these compounds, some in vitro tests, such as the DPPH radical scavenging activity test, the superoxide radical scavenging activity test and the lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity test, were performed. Compounds 1 and 2 showed stronger activities than both a-tocopherol and butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA) in each assay.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.247-251
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• 2008

This study investigated the antioxidant activity of methanol (MeOH) and water extracts from roots of Cirsium japonicum in vitro, MeOH extract showed a stronger tree radical scavenging activity than water extract. However, both of extracts showed a concentration dependent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, reducing power and metal chelating ability, MeOH extract had greater phenolic and flavonoid contents than water extract. The antidiabetic activity of these two extracts was evaluated by the a-glucosidase inhibition assay, The water extract showed a considerable a-glucosidase inhibitory activity. To our knowledge, this may be the first time to report the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities in Cirsium japonicum roots.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.183-191
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• 2011

We investigated characterization as cosmetic substances of chestnut inner skin extracts with in vitro antioxidant activity. Total phenolics of various extracts from chestnut inner skin were the highest 60% methanol (164.82 mg/g), and ethyl acetate fractions (191.14 mg/g). We found that the both samples from chestnut inner skin dose-dependently increased in vitro antioxidant activities (DPPH radical scavenging activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation). In addition, the both samples also showed a strong UV absorption in the range of UV-B (290-320 nm). Especially the 60% ethanol extracts presented higher inhibitory effect on elastase (46.40% at $100{\mu}g/mL$) than that of the ethyl acetate fractions, so that it showed in vitro anti-wrinkle activity. Finally, the 60% methanol extracts and ethyl acetate fractions showed anti-bacterial activity against skin pathogenic bacteria. Consequently, these results suggest that the chestnut inner skin can be used for cosmetic industry.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.88-103
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• 2009

Objectives: There is currently increased interest in the identification of natural antioxidant compounds derived from various plants. Peony Root (PR) is used worldwide for the treatment of many types of cardiovascular disease including atherosclerosis and hypertension. It has been used in Korean traditional medicine for the treatment of glycosuria, hypertension and cancer. However, to date, no studies concerning the antioxidant properties of PR have been conducted. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro scavenging activity, inhibitory effect of LDL oxidation of pro-oxidant reactive species and anti-thrombosis effect in response to treatment with PR using various screening methods including biological and non-biological oxidants. Methods: In this study, the antioxidant activity of extract from PR was studied with in vitro methods by measuring the antioxidant activity by TEAC, measuring the scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) [superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical] and on reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [nitric oxide and peroxynitrite] as well as measuring the inhibitory effect on $Cu^{2+}$-induced human LDL oxidation and the inhibitory effect on collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Results: The PR extracts were found to have a potent scavenging activity of oxidative stress [DPPH, superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite, etc.] as well as an inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation and on platelet aggregation. Conclusions: The PR extracts have anti-oxidative and anti-atherosclerotic effects in vitro system, which can be used for developing pharmaceutical drugs against oxidative stress and atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.475-479
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• 2006

Gentisyl alcohol isolated from Penicillium sp. has an antioxidative activity, protecting cells from oxidative stresses. From our in vitro angiogenesis assays with bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs), gentisyl alcohol was newly identified as a pro-angiogenic small molecule that induces new blood vessel formation of the cells. Gentisyl alcohol stimulated the proliferation of BAECs in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, it induced in vitro angiogenesis of BAECs such as invasiveness, migration, and tube formation of the endothelial cells. Effects of gentisyl alcohol on invasion and tube formation were also dose-dependent. These results demonstrate that gentisyl alcohol could affect the angiogenic phenotypes of endothelial cells and be developed as a new small molecule with pro-angiogenic activity.

• CELLMED
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.26.1-26.9
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• 2014

Reactive oxygen species are known to mediate various pathological conditions associated with malaria. In this study, the antioxidant potential of Clerodendrum violaceum leaf extracts, an indigenous antimalarial remedy, was evaluated. Total phenol, flavonoid, selenium, vitamins C and E contents of Clerodendrum violaceum leaf extracts were determined. The free radical scavenging activities of the extracts against DPPH, superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide coupled with their reducing power were also evaluated in vitro. Moreover, responses of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) in a rodent malaria model to a 4-day administration of Clerodendrum violaceum leaf extracts were also evaluated. The methanolic extract was found to contain the highest amounts of antioxidant compounds/element and also demonstrated the highest free radical scavenging activity in vitro. The results showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in SOD and CAT activities with a concurrent significant (p < 0.05) increase in GPx and GR activities in both erythrocytes and liver of untreated Plasmodium berghei NK65-infected animals compared to the uninfected animals. The extracts were able to significantly increase (p < 0.05) SOD and CAT activities and significantly reduce (p < 0.05) GPx and GR activities in both the liver and erythrocytes compared to those observed in the untreated infected animals. The results suggest the augmentation of the antioxidant system as one of the possible mechanisms by which Clerodendrum violaceum extract ameliorates secondary effects of malaria infection, alongside its antiplasmodial effect in subjects.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.86-89
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• 2009

2,3,6-Tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl methyl ether (TDB) from the methanolic extract of the red alga Symphyocladia latiuscula exhibits major antioxidant activity. In this study, the activity of TDB against oxidative damage in deoxyribose and DNA was investigated in vitro for potential applications in preventing mutagenesis caused by DNA damage. TDB inhibited the oxidation of deoxyribose at concentrations of up to $1{\mu}g$/mL in the presence of $Fe^{+3}$-EDTA/$H_2O_2$. Furthermore, TDB showed no pro oxidant activity as determined by absence of the reduction of bleomycin-$Fe^{+3}$ to bleomycin-$Fe^{+2}$, which leads to DNA damage. Based on these results, TDB demonstrated considerable antioxidant activity without prooxidant properties.