• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.22-35
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• 2021

In order to investigate the trends in science education research using AR (Augmented Reality) and derive implications for elementary science education, we analyzed 71 research articles on AR application in science education published in both Korea and abroad from 2010 to August 2020. In quantitative aspects, the number of published articles has steadily increased. For domestic researches, the number of papers targeting for elementary school students was higher than that of middle & high school students. In the research method aspects, qualitative methods were most frequently used. In particular, papers regarding the development of AR program and verification of its effectiveness were most frequently published. The researches using mixed method in domestic field were smaller in number than that of the research in abroad. There were similar trends in research targeting elementary school students. In the aspects of the contents, more researches were performed on biology and earth science areas than others. In case of researches for elementary school students, the proportion of researches on biology and earth science was even higher. Domestically the proportion of studies on the convergence of science and non-science subjects was higher than that of foreign studies. The number of researches exploring the effectiveness on 'non-scientific attitude domain', 'cognitive domain', and 'program domain' were relatively higher than that on 'inquiry & practice domain' and 'science-related attitude domain'. For types of AR contents, 'observation manipulation type' was mostly studied, followed by 'experimental activity type', and 'learning guide type'. In case of studies on elementary school students, the ratio of 'observation manipulation type' contents was higher than that of others, whereas studies on 'field problem solving type' were relatively less reported than others. In addition, studies on 'simple interaction' were most frequently reported. Particularly, there were relatively few studies on 'linear and nonlinear interactions' in domestic field. As a result of analyzing key words, we found that the key words related to the characteristics and implementation of AR frequently occurred, and the key words related to elementary education and the merits of AR had many direct connections with other key words.

• Atmosphere
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.241-249
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• 2021

A smart city utilizes data collected from various sensors through the internet of things (IoT) and improves city operations across the urban area. Recently substantial research is underway to examine all aspects of data that requires for the smart city operation. Atmospheric data are an essential component for successful smart city implementation, including Urban Air Mobility (UAM), infrastructure planning, safety and convenience, and traffic management. Unfortunately, the current level of conventional atmospheric data does not meet the needs of the new city concept. New and innovative approaches to developing high spatiotemporal resolution of observational and modeling data, resolving the complex urban structure, are expected to support the future needs. The geographic information system (GIS) integrates the atmospheric data with the urban structure and offers information system enhancement. In this study we proposed the necessity and applicability of the high resolution urban meteorological dataset based on heavy fog cases in the smart city region (e.g., Sejong and Pusan) in Korea.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.93-101
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• 2021

Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) systems were developed to ensure a high level of food safety and reduced risk of foodborne illness. This paper focuses on significant issues associated with the implementation of HACCP; it provides an overview on recent literature. The structure of the paper follows six groupings of issues in the international literature of HACCP: (1) comparative studies and unification plan between HACCP and other food safety regulations; (2) verification of the HACCP system's effectiveness in improving food safety; (3) establishment of critical control point (CCP) for various foods HACCP model development; (4) expansion of HACCP application in the various fields and small businesses;(5) the impacts of HACCP on consumer's preferences and firms' financial performance in food industry; (6) HACCP and technological changes. The paper concludes with some suggestions for the future research in order to promote safe food supply chain for global customers.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.183-204
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• 2017

Since the development of Smart technology and the advent of various Smart media, a learning environment for individual learners and the school has been changing. In the stream of changing learning environments, in 2011, the government announced SMART education strategies, introducing the term officially, "SMART education." With the governments' efforts to develop and implement SMART education in school, many policies has been enacted and many research has been conducted and increased gradually. However, as policies of SMART education have initiated in situation where there is no clear understanding in regard of SMART education, many researchers and teachers confused of SMART education and its identity and attributes, even though it has been 6 years since the concept was introduced. Unfortunately, SMART education has been implemented as one type of instructional methodology as utilizing Smart technology. Thus, in this research, we tried to build theoretical foundation of SMART education through analyzing former research on SMART education to define the attributes of SMART education. To examine how SMART education has been implemented in terms of its attributes, also, we analyzed research that conducted instructional design and implementation on SMART education in actual learning environments. As the results of former research analysis, the attributes of SMART education include Information and Communication Technology, open learning environment, self-directed learning, customized learning, and social learning. In majority of research, SMART education focused on utilizing Smart technology and media in teaching and learning environments but self-directed, and customized learning were less adapted in SMART learning environments. In the following research, how to improve educational benefits of SMART education through adapting original attributes of SMART education need to be examined.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.5-33
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze leading teachers' opinions on key competencies and subject competencies presented in the 2015 revised national curriculum and to draw implications for competency-based curriculum development and implementation. The research findings show that leading teachers are generally positive about the introduction of key competencies, subject competencies setting and its feasibility and recognize that the key competencies are highly related to the subject competencies of each subject. However, it is judged that the key competencies and subject competencies are not embodied well in every aspect of the curriculum documents. They also recognize that in the practice of competency education, supporting the development of teachers' ability to conduct student-centered classes in a culture that enables voluntary research efforts of the teacher community can be the biggest issue rather than external support such as development of competency-centered textbooks or consulting and supervision. Finally, we propose the need for support and policy that enable voluntary efforts for interdisciplinary cooperation and strengthening teacher capacity rather than developing competency-centered textbooks; specification of competency education in educational content, pedagogical methods and assessment; reconsideration of subject competencies setting; maintaining the relationship between key competency and items that guide educational goals.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.239-275
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to explore what social workers experience and how they experience the needs of Meritocracy in the social welfare organization in the neoliberalism.. Therefore, in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 social workers, and I analyzed Colaizzi(1978) in a phenomenological method through collected research materials. As a result, the analysis is integrated in a total of four essential themes. According to the research results, the meritocracy - oriented phenomenon in the social welfare organization was 'paradox of Meritocracy'. Participants were buried in creating "nominal performance without any effectiveness" based on effectiveness and efficiency. Clients were instrumentalized in performance; moreover, they lost contact points with the field. Above all, there was "a reorganization of practices" that contradicted the original values of practice, in which the quality deterioration of service and the connection between organizations were weakened. In addition, the implementation of accountability of social welfare organization, which was intended by Meritocracy, has become a criterion for external evaluation, and the challenge of uncertain result has left a "rigid accountability without discretion." While participants were devoted to making a nominal performance, they failed to be guaranteed by the distinct characteristics of social welfare group. They experienced lost pride of the practitioner in the reality which contained the value of social welfare. However, in spite of this paradox of Meritocracy, participants demonstrated flexibility in order to preserve the original value and reached "a compromise with reality in the identity conflict." Based on the results of the research, I presented the discussion and policy directions.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.47-84
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• 2018

Domestic debates on 'international development' has hitherto been rather more focused on the narrow topic of Official Development Assistance (ODA) - therefore, practical and practice-oriented enquiries for the former's effective implementation have dominated the field as a result. However, such lack of foundational debates on 'development' has rendered the field inept to respond to the rapidly changing development landscape since the new millennium both globally and in Southeast Asia. With this particular problematique in mind, the paper argues for the utility of critical Southeast Asian studies in enriching theoretical debates in Korea's international development studies. In doing so, we analysed the trend of academic research published since 2000, of which theme concern international development with a specific geographical focus on Southeast Asia. The result shows that such publication and the thematic issues have witnessed rapid quantitative growth since 2007 - while the nature of the publications still clearly remained practical and practice-oriented for effective execution of ODA. We therefore propose the critical Southeast Asian studies to overcome the problematique above by emphasising more inter-/multi-disciplinary approaches that challenge the hegemonic paradigm in the field.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.49-92
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• 2013

In May 2010, Indonesia and Norway signed a Letter of Intent on "Cooperation on Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation(REDD)." In the LoI, Norway agreed to offer Indonesia a sum of USD 1 billion with a view to encourage Indonesia to significantly contribute to the successful implementation of REDD+. On 20 May 2011, correspondingly, Indonesia announced the 2011 'Forest Moratorium' (the Presidential Instruction No. 10/2011) which was valid for the following consecutive two years. By means of the 2011 'Forest Moratorium', Indonesia aimed at significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation, forest degradation and peatland conversion. In so doing, it also sought to improve forest governance. Meanwhile, concerned stakeholders also raised various questions about the effectiveness of the 'Forest Moratorium'. As an extension of the 2011 'Forest Moratorium', Indonesia announced the 2013 'Forest Moratorium'(the Presidential Instruction No. 6/2013) for another two-year period on 13 May 2013. Indonesia's 'Forest Moratorium' is concerned with stakeholders at various levels, who may play a role of significant 'agent' in the process of implementing the 'Forest Moratorium'. This mechanism of the 'Forest Moratorium' should be understood in the light of forest governance. Employing stakeholder approach, therefore, this article attempts to analyze Indonesia's 'Forest Moratorium' in the light of forest governance. In this regard, it analyzes the detailed contents of the 'Forest Moratorium', the process of making the 'Forest Moratorium', current development of the Indicative Moratorium Map for suspension of new concessions on forest land, and contesting views of various stakeholders. At the same time, it also talks about how 'weak' forest governance had influence upon Indonesia's 'Forest Moratorium'. In so doing, this article consequently attempts to evaluate Indonesia's 'Forest Moratorium' and also put it into perspective in terms of improving forest governance. The 2013 'Forest Moratorium' fundamentally represents a radical policy that is designed to suspend new concessions on forest conversion for another two-year period and its detailed contents attempt to reflect on various stakeholders from related industries and environmental NGOs. However, there are challenging factors in the process of implementing the 'Forest Moratorium', that is, 'weak' forest governance and also a discrepancy between forest planning maps designated by central and regional governments. The announcement of the 2013 'Forest Moratorium', as an extension of the 2011 'Forest Moratorium', may functionally strengthen and improve Indonesia's forest governance. However, at the same time, there is a practical limit due to the fact that it is merely a Presidential Instruction that lacks legal binding.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.441-453
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• 2020

This study looked at the concretizing process of the Free Semester Policy(as is the FSP). The concretizing process of policy refers to the process in which the major components of policy idea are changing through the agenda setting and policy decision process. To this end, we collected major policy documents related to the FSP from the pledge of the presidential candidate to the implementation plan of the FSP and the oral data of key personnel of the FSP, and analyzed the concretizing process of the policy focusing on the policy objectives. As a result, it was found that the policy objectives of the FSP were presented in a more comprehensive and ambiguous form through the agenda setting and policy decision process. The emphasized direction of policy has also changed over and over. This phenomenon offers several implications for understanding education policy. First, it should be understood that the objectives of education policy presented at a specific point in time are provisional. Second, the change in policy objectives may have occurred in the process of securing the legitimacy of policy promotion. Third, it is necessary to pay more attention to the relationship between policy and politics. In order to properly promote an education policy based on the common sense and needs of the public, a mature education policy discussion culture is required.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.29-62
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• 2021

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of an interactive singing-based synchronous videoconferencing program for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study was conducted in four stages: analysis of interactive singing tasks in the literature for children with ASD, examination of differences in perception of sounds transmitted via synchronous videoconferencing platform depending on the type of singing tasks and accompaniment, construction of singing-based synchronous videoconferencing program and determination of its validity, and implementation of the constructed program with three children with ASD and confirmation of its feasibility. The results showed that different types of singing tasks and accompaniment affected perception of sounds transmitted online, which highlights the importance of considering such effects when designing synchronous videoconferencing music therapy programs. Also, increases in program engagement and singing behaviors were observed for all three participants, and their caregivers reported high levels of satisfaction with the program. The findings support the applicability of this intervention as a tele-music alternative during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical implications and suggestions are discussed.