• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.115-126
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• 2015

Using the 2013 Korea Housing Survey, this research analyzed factors influencing residential satisfaction of low-income households concerning the economic condition, satisfaction about interior and exterior environments in dwelling, recognition of housing welfare policy. The economic condition showed that if there are less living expenses and more ordinary income, it brought about more positive effects in the ownership of a detached house, row and multi-family house. Most variables about satisfaction with the interior environment in dwelling have a significant influence on a detached house, apartment, row and multi-family house. The following factors played a significant role: accessibility to commercial facilities, neighborhood relationship and natural environment in the satisfaction with the exterior environment in dwelling about most types. Specifically, from an institutional perspective of housing welfare policy, the effect of the housing expenses support and the intention about remodeling were factors influencing residential satisfaction in cheonsei and monthly rent, free of a detached house and free of an apartment. These results will utilize preliminary data to establish housing welfare policy for low-income households.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 1994

This paper analysis the structure of Housing Consumption Expenditure of urban salary and wage-earners' households from 1982 to 1992 by employing Time-series. Data was based on " Annual report on the Family Income and Expenditure Survey" of the National Bureau of Statistic Planning Board, Republic of Korea. Percentile marginal-propensity to consume(MPC) and income elasticity of consumption expenditure are estimated by their socio-economic and demographic variables. The results are as follows: 1. The proportion of the expenditure for furniture and utensils and house mending has increased with the increase of income in urban salary and wage-earners' households, while fuel light and water charges and rents paid has decreased. 2.1) Engel Function by income group; MPC associated with rents paid and fuel light and water charges is higher in the lower income group than in the rest. The income elasticity estimates in rents paid and fuel light and water charges is less than 1 in all group while larger than 1 in furniture and utensils and house mending. 2) Engel Function by occupation of household head; The highest MPC in rents paid is associated with the sales profession. The income elasticity of fuel light and water charge is found be inelastic. The groups other than the sales group show irregular MPC. 3) Engel Function by family size; MPC in house mending and fuel light and water charge is increased while is decreased in rents paid in accordance with family size. The income elasticity of rents paid and fuel light and water charge is less than 1 in all groups while that of house mending and furniture and utensils is larger than 1. 4) Engel Function by age of housegold head; MPC in rents paid is decreased according to the age of housefold head. The income elasticity of rents paid and fuel light and water charge is less than 1 in all group while it is larger than 1.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2014

The Chinese economic growth rate has been much higher than many countries of the world for many years now. Nowadays, China is experiencing significant economic transformation and structural adjustment. Its speed of development is slowing, and housing and commodity prices are slowly rising. Consequently, a series of economic and social problems have come into being. Under these circumstances, how satisfied are Chinese people on the seven aspects of daily living such as Housing Situation, Household Income, Health, Family Life, Food, Human Relations and Job? The Media and Public Opinion Research Center of Fudan University (FMORC) conducted a phone survey of 606 people living in Beijing, the capital and political and cultural center of China, and Shanghai, the Chinese economic center. The survey results show that the overall satisfaction of Chinese people with their daily life is high. The levels of Family Life and Human Relations are on the top, those of Food, Health and Jobs are listed from the third to the fifth, and satisfaction levels of their Housing Situation and Household Income are on the bottom. The satisfaction levels of males with their Family Life and Health are higher than those of females. Age has a significantly negative correlation with satisfaction with personal health. Monthly income has positive relationships with four aspects of daily life - house income, job, house situation, and family life. Owning a house in cities is another important factor that influences satisfaction with the house situation, house income, food, and family life. Shanghai residents also show higher satisfaction with their health than Beijing residents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.205-208
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• 2006

This research investigated the public rental houses In Yangchon-gu, whose locational attribute are suitable for the public rental house and has superior position in both inhabitants' participation and public welfare program. The public rental house has several types, such as permanent lease house, public lease. And several programs, the aged support police and medical services delivery system, have been the leading models for other local governments. Also, there are residents who are in their forties and fifties in the public rental houses in Yangchon-gu. un occupied is less than 1% and it seems that there is few turnover rate. 1 household rate and 2 households rate look like similar in the number of family member, total social public welfare program is focus on family welfare, juvenile welfare, teenager welfare, handicapped person welfare local, welfare and old people welfare. Accordingly, this research is used for base data of questionnaire and the first data for grope various improvement while planning group public rental house for low income group. And this research will be improved directional grope for improve livable public rental house around residents.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.132-137
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to suggest urban regeneration methods for deteriorated downtown residential area, considering the development condition of urban blocks. Through the research that are based on literature, field survey, urban planning map and local experts consulting, it found out suitable sites for development such as a deteriorated residential zone or a unused site and it was deduced eight development types from analyzing the characters of developable sites. And then it is suggested various housing forms which were applied to eight development types of developable sites. The consequences of this research are summarized as follows. There are various housing forms by eight development types; block housing, low rise-high density court housing, medium low rise-high density housing, urban housing for low-income groups belong to T1-development of urban strategic position; block housing, housing on hilly site, semi-detached house, lodging house, urban housing for low-income groups, elderly housing belong to T2-development for living benefit; block housing, low rise-high density court housing, housing on hilly site, low rise housing, lodging housing, urban housing for low-income groups, elderly housing belong to T3-development of a small-scale rental housing; block housing, low rise-high density court housing, medium low rise-high density housing, terrace-house, housing on hilly site, low rise housing, block-typed detached house, semi-detached house, cluster-typed low rise housing, town house, urban housing for low-income groups belong to T4-residential environment renewal development; terrace-house, housing on hilly site, low rise housing, block housing, semi-detached house belong to T5-development of a small-scale housing; terrace-house, housing on hilly site, low rise housing, cluster-typed low rise housing belong to T6-development to adapt natural environment; block housing, low rise-high density court housing, low rise housing, block-typed detached house, town house belong to T7-development for community; block housing, low rise-high density court housing block housing, medium low rise-high density housing, terrace-house, housing on hilly site, low rise housing, elderly housing belong to T8-development of environment-friendly.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.125-132
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• 1982

The purpose of this study was to see that how about the variables of homemaker's age, marital periods, children numbers, homemaker's employment, family types, house types, family income, homemaker's education level, and the convenience of kitchen and laundry influence on homemaker's household preferences. On this study, the household tasks were classified into the tasks on Care of clothes, Mal preparation and clean-up, Care of the house, Care of the family members, and Marketing and record keeping. Questionaires were given to randomly selected homemakers in Busan in July, 1982. Data from the 736 respones were analyzed according to Multi regression and T-test. The results were as follows: 1. The variables affecting the homemaker's household preferences were marital periods, family income and the convenience of kitchen and laundry. Longer the marital periods, higher the family income and more feeling the convence were taken higher preferences on household tasks. 2. The variable of age was less significantly related to the homemaker's household preferences than the marital periods. 3. The variable of house types was less significantly related to the homemaker's household preferences than the convenience of kitchen and laundry.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.105-125
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• 1990

The 78 housekeeping books were analyzed to find out the structure of income and expenditure of the farm household. The selected farm households were classified into 4 different farming types such as rice-cultivating, vinyl house, fruit-growing, and livestock farming. The results are summarized as follows : 1) The farm housekeeper ought to rationally manage farm household money income, because agricultural income was preponderated to several months regardless of farming types. 2) Farm household income was primarily dependent upon agricultural income and non-agricultural income in the livestock farming and rice-cultivating farm houshold respectively. 3) order of living expenses of the total farm households were recreation and entertainment expenses, food expenses, education expenses, and housing, fuel & light expenses in size. The major expenses were education expenses, food expenses and miscellaneous expenses in rice-cultivating, vinyl house and livestock farming, and fruit growing farm households respectively. 4) Balance of income and expenses of the farm household, s its time, size, and pattern of increase and decrease, was different by farming types. 5) Household expenses increased in February, May, August and December, though disposable income reversely decreased in February, April, August and December compared to each former month. So, special consideration should be taken into budget planning for household money management in February, August and December.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.39-45
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• 2014

Energy poverty has been defined as low-income households who paid energy cost more than 10% of their ordinary income. Therefore, there are various subsidy programs focused on house remodeling for low-income households and one of them is the Home Energy Efficiency Assistance Program which have done by Korea Energy Foundation since 2007. The aim of the program is to improve the thermal performance of dilapidated dwellings and analyzed the detached house for the low-income households to develop the building typology. The database contained approximately 3,061 households which was obtained from the program in 2013 and the results of the study were like this; 1) For the shape of residential houses, the number of rectangular shaped building was higher than non-rectangular shaped ones. 2) For the orientation of buildings, the south layout of the detached housing was dominant to gain heating energy into buildings. 3) For the floor area, the average floor area was $44.2m^2$, although its size varied wide variations, which range from $6.3m^2$ to $107.1m^2$. 4) For the windows and doors, the south-facing window was larger than the other side. Finally it would be possible to determine the characteristics of residential houses for low-income families. A future study could establish typology of low-income housing that it would estimate the performance of each model building before and after the retrofit to improve the energy performance.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.127-144
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• 1999

The purposes of this study were to identify the housing maintenance cost, imputed rent fee and total housing cost of households living in rental house, to analyze the factors related to their housing maintenance cost, imputed rent fee and total housing cost and to investigate the factors contributing to total housing cost to total household income ratio. The data used for these purposes, was 97 KHPS of Daewoo Economic Research Institute. Sample size of households living in rental house, was 663. Statistics performed for the analysis were frequencies, percentiles, t-test, Lorenz cutie and Gini coefficient, Tobit analysis, OLS and Logistic analysis. The results of this study were as fellows: First, monthly cost of monthly rent & maintenance and repairs of households living in rental house with a deposit was lower than rental house, while the imputed rent fee of households living rental house with a deposit was higher than monthly rent households'And, total housing cost of households living in rental house with a deposit was higher than monthly rent households'. Second, Gini coefficient of the housing maintenance cost was 0.440, Gini coefficient of imputed rent fee was 0.362, and Gini coefficient of total housing cost was 0.291. Third, the variables related to their housing maintenance cost were family type, total household expenditure of socio-demographic characteristics and residence, type of rent, housing type of housing environmental factor. Also, the variables contributing to imputed rent fee were job type and educational attainment of household hearts, the number of family members, total household expenditure, residence, type of rent, housing type and tole number of rooms. In addition, the variables associated with total housing cost were job type and educational attainment of household head, total household income and residence, type of rent, housing type and the number of room. Finally, age, job type, educational attainment of household head, wife's employment status, the number of family members, family type, total household expenditure, residence, rent type of rent, housing type, the size of living space, and the number of room were significant variables contributing to total household cost to total household income ratio.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.239-256
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• 2024

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to examine the main determinants of the gap between housing demand and house affordability. Design/methodology/approach - This study used the micro-level data of 60,043 households from Korea Housing-Finance Corporation by covering the period 2011 to 2022. Findings - First, the trend of general housing demand showed a higher figure in the future demand than in current demand. And such a tendency showed in all types of households, a relative young, low income, and single households. In the case of current housing demand, it has increased by 2022 from the beginning of 2013, while the future demand has rapidly increased from 2020. Second, although the house affordability showed a higher figure in current housing demand by 2019, its trend changed to be higher in future housing demand from 2020 by a rapid decreasing affordbility in current demand. In the case of young householders, the current house affordability was higher than that of future. The figure of low income householders was below 1 point in both periods, and house affordability of single householders showed a similar level in both periods. which showed over 1 point. Third, financial regulation on housing markets induced th widening of the gap between housing demand and house affordability, and such a trend is much atronger in the future(potential) gap of demand and affordability. More specifically, the strengthen financial regulation leaded to the widening of the gap in all types of households, a relative young, low income, and single households. Research implications or Originality - The effect of financial regulation is necessary to consider under the features of each households.