• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.66-68
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• 2016

무선 통신 시스템에서 장거리 신호송출을 위해 사용하고 있는 고전력 증폭기(HPA, High Power Amplifier)는 증폭기의 비선형성 때문에 송출신호에 왜곡을 야기시키며 이 때문에 선형구간만을 사용하게 되어 그 전력 효율이 떨어지게 된다. 이 비선형 특성을 해결하기 위하여 디지털 사전 왜곡기(DPD, Digital Pre-distorter)를 HPA 의 앞단에 채용하여 송출신호를 선형화 시키고 효율도 높이게 된다. 이 DPD는 대부분 HPA를 특정 모델이라고 가정하고 최적화 알고리즘을 통해 설계되는데 HPA의 모델에 대한 가정이 맞지 않을 경우 설계된 DPD의 성능이 떨어질 수 있다. 따라서 HPA의 모델을 정확하게 아는 것은 DPD 설계에 있어서 중요한 이슈가 된다. 본 논문에서는 실제 상용되는 HPA에 대해 이미 알려진 다양한 HPA의 모델 중에서 가장 적합한 모델을 선정하고 또한 그 모델의 계수를 얻어내는 방법을 소개한다. 이렇게 얻어진 HPA의 모델정보는 최적의 DPD 설계에 사용될 수 있다. 각 HPA 모델에 대한 파라메터를 구함에 있어서 알려진 최적화 방법 이외에 직접 적용이 어려운 경우에는 기존 방식을 수정하고 그 방식을 사용하였다. 실제 HPA 의 입출력 신호를 실시간 수집하고 컴퓨터 모의실험을 수행하여 동일한 HPA 입력 신호에 대해 실제 HPA의 출력과 찾아낸 최적 모델의 출력을 비교 분석함으로써 실제 찾아낸 모델이 가장 정확하게 상용 HPA를 모델링 하고 있음을 확인하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.201-208
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• 2005

Tn this paper, we evaluate the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) performance in a space-time block code (STBC) multi-input multi-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system using selected mapping (SLM) and partial transmit sequences (PTS) approaches. SLM and PTS methods are used to decrease the nonlinear distortion and to improve the power efficiency of the nonlinear high power amplifier(HPA) in the MIMO-OFDM system. In simulation result, when compared with the existing MIMO-OFDM system using QPSK, the PTS method reduces the PAPR about 5dB while the SLM method can reduce about 3.5 dB. Also, we find the BER performance of the MIMO-OFDM system with and without the predistorter in front of the HPA. When the predistorter is used, the input back-off (IBO) of 4 dB is required in the PTS method, and IBO of 6 dB in the SLM method to closely conform to the linear amplifier. If the method of improving the PAPR is not used, the value of IBO of 8 dB is required.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.692-697
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• 2004

OFDM system is very useful for the multi-path channel and highly bandwidth-efficient system. However, OFDM signal shows the high PAPR so that nonlinear distortion can happen in the HPA(high power amplifier). This paper studies BER performance variation according to IBO(input back off) values when the predistorter is used fur the compensation for the HPA nonlinearity. In case of the SSPA(solid state power amplifier) of nonlinearity parameter p=0.5 and IBO=0㏈, the system with predistorter is poorer than the one without predistorter. But this situation is inverted, if IBO is increased from 0㏈ to 3㏈. So, we can find that there is a threshold value of IBO for the predistorter to effectively compensate for the nonlinear SSPA when the sub-carrier number and p value are changed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.543-549
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• 2003

It is important to consider the nonlinear effects of the HPA(High Power Amplifier) in the OFDM communication systems and other digital communication systems as well. In this paper, we investigate a new performance figure-of$.$merit(D) that reflects both power and spectrum efficiencies. The performance figure-of-merit is expressed to include the spectrum and power efficiencies that depend on the magnitude of IBO(Input Backoff) and the number of subcarriers. So, we analyze the variation characteristics of the power efficiency and spectrum efficiency which has the tradeoff relationship.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.415-423
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• 2016

High PAPR (Peak-to-Average Power Ratio) characteristic causes some problems like system performance degradation and OOB (Out-of-Band) power increasement under the HPA (High Power Amplifier) nonlinearity condition. UFMC (Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier) and FBMC (Filter Bank Multi-Carrier) are regarded as 5G(Generation) candidate waveforms. In this paper, we evaluate and analyze performance of these systems with DFT-s (Discrete Fourier Transform Spreading) technique under the nonlinear HPA environment. In this paper, we describe OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), UFMC, FBMC, DFT-s-OFDM, DFT-s-UFMC, and DFT-s-FBMC system, and evaluate BER (Bit Error Rate) performance of these systems. As simulation results, BER performance degradation by HPA nonlinearity of DFT-s-OFDM and DFT-s-UFMC is greatly overcome by DFT spreading technique. However, BER performance degradation by HPA nonlinearity of DFT-s-FBMC system is little overcome.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.189-192
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• 2001

In this paper, We designed and implemented 20 watt high power amplifier which can be used for the commercial services in band of 1.86 ~ 1.870Hz at PCS. In order to satisfy ACPR, We designed by using the ADS(Advanced Design System)ver1.3. The HPA is fabricated on tepron substrate($\varepsilon_{{\gamma}}$ =3.15, H=0.78mm, T=0.02mm). The implemented HPA measured The ACPR characteristics at $\pm$ 885kHz, $\pm$ 1.25MHz, $\pm$2.25MHz. The HPA meets specification with good ACPR. The HPA is expected to use as a commercial product of PCS base station.roduct of PCS base station.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08a
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• pp.407-410
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• 2007

In the RRH (Radio Remote Head) of a WCDMA Node B System, an HPA (High Power Amplifier) is used in order to amplify the transmission RF signal. Upon designing an HPA, the design requirements demand that the intermodulation characteristics are optimized during design and that the stability of the characteristics is maintained in the field. In this DOE (Design of Experiments) research, a few vital factors that affect intermodulation characteristics were first selected; then, an optimal solution was produced for high reliability in a noisy environment in the field by employing the Taguchi Method, a statistical method used for a robust design. Furthermore, by employing HALT(High Accelerated Life Test) during the verification test, this experiment has verified that an HPA that was designed using the Taguchi Method proved to be a far more robust design than an HPA that was designed without using the method.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.1707-1714
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• 2016

This paper presents the effect of spectrum sharing/overlapping in a heterogeneous OFDM system with nonlinear High Power Amplifier (HPA). According to the spectrum sharing strategies, the achievable rate performances are analyzed. In the non-orthogonal spectrum sharing, we address how the portion of the overlapped or overlaid spectrum band and the nonlinear properties of HPA affect the system performance and accordingly, propose the optimized spectrum sharing strategies.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.24-36
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• 2003

The digital mobile communication will be developed till getting multimedia service in anyone, any where, any time. Theses requiring items are going to be come true via IMT-2000 system. Transmitting signal bandwidth of IMT-2000 system is 3 times as large as IS-95 system. That is mean peak to average of signal is higher than IS-95A system. So we have to design it carefully not to effect in adjacent channel. HPA(High Power Amplifier) located in the end point of system is operated in 1-㏈ compression point(Pl㏈), then it generates 3rd and 5th inter modulation signals. Theses signals affect at adjacent channel and RF signal is distorted by compressed signal which is operated near by Pl㏈ point. Then the most important design factor is how we make HPA having high linearity. Feedback, Pre-distorter and Feed-forward methods are presented to solve theses problems. Feed-forward of these methods is having excellent improving capacity, but composed with complex structure. Generally, Linearity and Efficiency in power amplifier operate in the contrary, then it is difficult for us to find optimal operating point. In this paper we applied algorithm which searches optimal point of linear characteristics, which is key in Power Amplifier, using minimum current point of error amplifier in 1st loop. And we made 2nd loop compose with new structure. We confirmed fabricated LPA is operated by having high linearity and minimum current condition with ACPR of -26 ㏈m max. @ 30㎑ BW in 3.515㎒ and ACLR of 48 ㏈c max@${\pm}$㎒ from 1W to 40W.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.153-156
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• 2002

An adaptive predistorr is proposed to compensate for the nonlinear distortion of a high power amplifier (HPA) in 16 QAM system. It fumed out that the proposed predistorter using a variable step-size least mean square (VSSLMS) algorithm is stable and can reduce the Total Distortion (TD) to 0. 1dB at the HPA output backoff=0.0 dB.