• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of hand acupuncture on relieving of abdominal pain. Method: Fifty-five middle school students who complained abdominal pain were selected as subjects. There were 35 students in the experimental group while 20 students were in the control group. Convenience assignment was used. The experimental group received hand acupuncture treatment which was to puncture corresponding points (epigastric pain A8, A12, A16, K9, F4, E42; lower abdominal pain A1, A4, A6, A8, J1, H2) on both the palm and the back of a hand with disposable acupuncture needles, and then to remove them after a 20-30min. recess during the subjects was in supine position on a bed. Result: Degree of subjective pain decreased statistically in the experimental as compared to the control group. No statistical significant differences were found in objective pain and comfort between experimental and control group. Conclusion: These findings indicate that hand acupuncture is an effective method for reducing abdominal pain. Therefore, hand acupuncture could be considered as an independent nursing intervention for abdominal pain reduction.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to contribute on nursing practice for elderly people by identifying the effects of hand moxibustion and hand press pellet therapy on the alleviation of constipation. Methods: The data were collected from October to November, 2009, and the subjects included 39 elders (experimental group: 20, control group: 19) from a senior citizens center in B City who reported constipation. Experimental group received an intervention of hand moxibustion and hand press pellet therapy three times a week for six weeks (total: 18 times). Data about the number of defecations per week and constipation degree scores were collected one week after each treatment. Results: 1. The number of defecation in the experimental group were different from that of the control group (F=228.26, $p$ <.001). 2. The degree of reported constipation in the experimental group differed from the control group (F=170.59, $p$ <.001). Conclusion: Hand moxibustion and hand press pellet therapy was shown to be effective in alleviating the constipation of elderly people by increasing the number of defecation per week and reducing the constipation degree scores. These two interventions can thus be used for alleviating the constipation of elderly people, replacing the stool softener and enema.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2019

Purpose: A hand-washing program using role-playing was developed for preschool children and tested to verify its usefulness. Methods: The participants were 46 preschool children (experimental group, 23; control group, 23). Data were collected from August 7, 2017 to September 20, 2017. The first posttest was carried out on the day after the initial intervention was completed, and the second posttest was performed after a month. Data were analyzed using the $x^2$ test, Fisher exact test, Shapiro-Wilk test, Mann-Whitney test, and Friedman test. Results: In the experimental group, the frequency of practicing hand-washing was significantly higher than in the control group on the next day (z=-4.94, p<.001) and after a month (z=-3.15, p=.002). The accuracy of hand-washing was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group on the next day (z=-4.02, p<.001) and after a month (z=-3.86, p<.001). Conclusion: The hand-washing program developed in this study was found to be an effective intervention strategy for improving the frequency and accuracy of hand-washing among preschool children.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2003

The effect of hand hygiene was measured by hand culture before and after hand hygiene for 86 nurses, doctors, and nurses aide/housekeepers in Surgical Intensive Care Unit. The subjects were asked to press their dominant hand in hand-shaped Mannitol salt agar immediately after patient contact and then washed their hand by preferred hand hygiene agents [soap and water, waterless alcohol gel, or 4% chlorhexidine gluconate detergent (CHG)], and cultured one hand again Amount of isolated microorganism was calculated by counting the number of divided areas ($1{\times}1cm$) which is culture positive in hand culture plate. The amount of microorganisms were significantly reduced from 58.1(${\pm}38.59$) to 27.4(${\pm}30.4$) cells after hand hygiene. The staff nurse's hand hygiene was more effective compared to medical doctors and nurses aide/housekeepers. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) was isolated in 41(47.1%) subjects ; but only removed 100% in 28(32.2%) subjects. When the amount of hand microorganisms was compared by subject's preferred hand hygiene agents, it was decreased in order of 4% CHG, waterless alcohol solution, soap and water, and water. The hand hygiene practice was inadequate to reduce hand microorganisms and significantly different by occupations. Further research and development of hand hygiene improvement program which emphasize the quality of hand hygiene is recommended.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.328-336
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a robust fingertip extraction and extended Continuously Adaptive Mean Shift (CAMSHIFT) based robust hand gesture recognition for natural human-like HRI (Human-Robot Interaction). Firstly, for efficient and rapid hand detection, the hand candidate regions are segmented by the combination with robust $YC_bC_r$ skin color model and haar-like features based adaboost. Using the extracted hand candidate regions, we estimate the palm region and fingertip position from distance transformation based voting and geometrical feature of hands. From the hand orientation and palm center position, we find the optimal fingertip position and its orientation. Then using extended CAMSHIFT, we reliably track the 2D hand gesture trajectory with extracted fingertip. Finally, we applied the conditional density propagation (CONDENSATION) to recognize the pre-defined temporal motion trajectories. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm not only rapidly extracts the hand region with accurately extracted fingertip and its angle but also robustly tracks the hand under different illumination, size and rotation conditions. Using these results, we successfully recognize the multiple hand gestures.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1994년도 Proceedings of the Korea Automatic Control Conference, 9th (KACC) ; Taejeon, Korea; 17-20 Oct. 1994
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• pp.682-688
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• 1994

LSM(Least-Squares Method) has inherent limitation that precise system identification over wide frequency band is difficult especially at low frequency hand. In this paper we propose to use decimation, a spectrum analysis method widely used in signal processing. The merits of decimation are the flexibility of selection of the frequency hand concerned and the function of LPF(Low Pass Filter). In this paper, frequency-domain is divided into separate frequency bands which will be combined into full frequency-domain by using MDM(Multiple Decimation Method). In this way, free selection of sampling frequency for each hand is possible and the low frequency oscillation modes of LSM are avoided.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1988년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국내학술편); 한국전력공사연수원, 서울; 21-22 Oct. 1988
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• pp.63-66
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• 1988

In the control of the robotic manipulators, the variable structure control method for the get Point Regualation has a advantage of the insensitivity about parameter variations and disturbances. When the robotic manipulators are controlled by a point-to-point scheme, no path constraint is considered. Thus, the variable structure control method will be effectively applied only if the trajectory of the robot hand is estimated precisely. In this paper, the joint trajectories in the joint space and the hand trajectory in the cartesian space are calculated by the variable structure control method, and an algorithm is suggested to elaborate the deviation error of the robot hand from a straight line path. The result of this study will become a base of the effective path planning about robotic manipulators with the variable structure control concept.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제34S권10호
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• pp.71-79
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• 1997

This paper introduces a methodology of the precise control of a mobile/task robot using visual information captured bythe camera attached at the hand of the task robot. The major problem residing in the precise control of mobile/task robot is providing an accurate and stable base for the task robot through the precise control of mobile robot. On account of uncertainties on the surface, the precise control of mobile robot is not feasible without using external position sensor. In this paper, the methodology for the precise control of mobile robot is proposed, which recognizes the position of mobile robot using the camera attached at the hand of the task robot. While the task robot is approaching to an assembly part, the position of mobile robot is measured using the line correspondence between the image capturesd by the camera and the real assembly part, and using the kinematic transformation from the hand of the task robot to the mobile robot. To verify the solidness of this method, experimental data for the measurement of camera position/orientation and for the precise control of mobile robot using measurement are shown.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.336-344
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• 2019

Purpose: This study tries to examine the effects of hand moxibustion and press pellet by applying them to male manufacturing workers with low back pain, and use them to develop nursing interventions for workers. Methods: The data were collected from August to October, 2018, and the subjects were 60 men, processed by using SPSS/WIN 21.0 to perform homogeneity test with $x^2$-, t-, and hypothesis tests with repeated measures, ANOVA and $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test. Results: Hypothesis 1 that "the experimental group provided with hand moxibustion and hand press pellet would give lower scores for low back pain than the control group" was supported (F=78.71, p<.001). Hypothesis 2 that "the experimental group provided with hand moxibustion and hand press pellet would have a wider range of motion than the control group" was also supported (F=17.44, p<.001). Hypothesis 3 that "the experimental group provided with hand moxibustion and hand press pellet would give lower scores for depression than the control group," again, was supported (F=16.95, p<.001). Conclusion: Hand moxibustion and hand press pellet are effective in relieving low back pain for male workers, in increasing the range of motion, and in decreasing depression.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.489-494
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• 2010

최근 항공교통량의 증가에 따라 효율적인 항공교통관제를 위한 자동화가 요구되고 있다. 항공교통 환경은 일반 교통 환경과는 다르게 공역내의 섹터에 대한 항공기를 제어하는 관제사가 존재하며, 타 섹터로 이동시에는 해당 항공기에 대해 수동으로 관제권을 이양하고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 효율적인 항공관제를 위하여 항공기의 흐름을 유연하게 하기 위한 자동 관제권 이양 알고리즘 기법을 연구하였다. 항공기가 섹터 내에서 다른 섹터로 진입을 할 때, 이를 감지하여 해당 섹터 관제사가 관제 권한을 부여 받을 수 있도록 하는 섹터 판별 알고리즘을 구현 하였다 성능평가 결과 기존의 단순한 수동관제 이양방식과 달리 제안된 알고리즘은 자동으로 관제권을 이양하도록 함으로써 효율적으로 항공교통관제를 할 수 있음을 확인하였다.