• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.633-645
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• 2015

This study investigates the genotoxicity of crude antifungal compounds produced by Lactobacillus plantarum AF1 (L.plantarum AF1) and Lactobacillus plantarum HD1 (L. plantarum HD1) isolated from kimchi. The genetic toxicity of crude antifungal compounds was evaluated in bacterial reverse mutation in Salmonella and Escherichia spp., chromosome aberrations in Chinese hamster lung cells, and micronucleous formations in mice. In bacterial reversion assays with Salmonella Typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and WP2uvrA, crude antifungal compounds did not increase the number of revertant colonies in both the absence and presence of the 59 metabolic activation system. In the chromosome aberration test with Chinese hamster lung cells, crude antifungal compounds showed no increase in the frequency of chromosome aberrations in the short-period test with/without the S9 mix or in the continuos test. In the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay, crude antifungal compounds showed no increase in the frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei. The results show that crude antifungal compounds produced by L. plantarum AF1 and L. plantarum HD1 did not induce any genotoxicity.

• 생약학회지
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• 제36권1호통권140호
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• pp.34-37
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• 2005

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to cause oxidative modification of DNA, proteins, lipids and small cellular molecules and are associated with tissue damage and are the contributing factors for inflammation, aging, cancer, arteriosclerosis, hypertension and diabetes. We screened the anti-oxidants in V79-4 hamster lung fibroblast cells induced by hydrogen peroxide with eighteen pure compounds isolated from natural products. Allantoin, brassicasterol, and hypaconitine were found to strongly scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species, which is measured by dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate method (DCHF-DA), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.350-354
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• 2015

BACKGROUND: Botanical insecticides, especially Azadirachta Indica extract (AIE) and Sophorae radix extract (SRE) are widely used in Agriculture field. In our previous studies on genotoxicity test of AIE and SRE samples, a suspicious clastogenic properties was shown. Herein, we investigated the DNA damage effect of these botanical insecticide samples through the in vitro comet assay. METHODS AND RESULTS: Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast cell line was used, and methyl methanesulphonate was as positive control. Respective two samples of AIE and SRE were evaluated using Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis (Comet) assay and measured as the Olive tail moment (OTM). Results from this study indicated that all tested AIE and SRE samples did not show DNA damage in comet assay using CHL cells, compared with control. CONCLUSION: AIE and SRE samples used in this study were not cause genetic toxicity and are suitable for use as organic materials.

• 약학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.208-212
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• 2002

Dehydroevodiamine HCl (DHED), which is a component separated from Evodia rutaecarpa Bentham, has novel anticholinesterase and antiamnesic activities in the scopolamine-induced amnesia model. Several studies suggest that DHED might be an effective drug for the Alzheimer's disease and the vascular type of dementia. In order to evaluate the mutagenic potential of DHED, Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay, chromosomal aberration test on Chinese hamster lung cells, in vivo micronucleus assay using mouse bone marrow cells, and comet assay were performed. DHED did not increase the number of revertant in the reverse mutation test using Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, TA1537, TA98, TA100. DHED HCl, at concentration of 5 and 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mι, increased the number of chromosome aberrated Chinese hamster lung cells with 5 and 10％, respectively. In mouse micronucleus test, no significant increase in the occurrence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte was observed in ICR mice orally administered with DHED. DHED was tested for ability to induce genotoxic effect in L5178Y cells (mouse lymphoma cells) using the single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay). In comet assay, tail moment did not increase in L5178Y cells treated with 10, 100, 300 $\mu$M DHED.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제27권
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• pp.14.1-14.6
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• 2012

Objectives: The root barks of Periploca sepium Bge. (P. sepium) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for healing wounds and treating rheumatoid arthritis. However, toxicity in high-doses was often diagnosed by the presence of many glycosides. The potential mutagenicity of P. sepium was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Methods: This was examined by the bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) test using Escherichia coli WP2uvrA and Salmonella typhimurium strains, such as TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537. Chromosomal aberrations were investigated using Chinese hamster lung cells, and the micronucleus test using mice. Results: P. sepium did not induce mutagenicity in the bacterial test or chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster lung cells, although metabolic activation and micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes were seen in the mice bone marrow cells. Conclusions: Considering these results, it is suggested that P. sepium does not have mutagenic potential under the conditions examined in each study.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.118-122
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• 2007

We have studied the cytoprotective effect on H$_2$O$_2$ induced oxidative stress from leaves of Carpinus tschonoskii. The methanol extract of Carpinus tschonoskii was found to scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) using flow cytometry and confocal microscope. This extract prevented lipid peroxidation and thus reduced cell death of Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) induced by H$_2$O$_2$ treatment. The extract increased catalase activity and phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK). Taken together, the results suggest that Carpinus tschonoskii protects V79-4 cells against oxidative damage by H$_2$O$_2$ through scavenging ROS.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.290-300
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• 2022

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the safety of SU-Eohyeol pharmacopuncture (SUEP) by assessing its potential to cause chromosomal abnormalities in Chinese hamster lung cells (CHL/IC). Methods: A dose-curve was conducted to determine the highest dose of SUEP. Doses of 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625, and 0.313% were used, and no cytotoxicity or SUEP precipitation was observed. SUEP doses of 10, 5, and 2.5%, with positive and negative controls, were used in a chromosome aberration test. Results: In this study, the frequency of abnormal chromosomal cells in the SUEP group did not show a statistically significant difference from that of the negative control group in short-term treatments with and without metabolic activation and the continuous treatment without metabolic activation. Compared with the negative control group, the positive control group had a significantly higher frequency of cells with structural chromosomal abnormalities. This test's results satisfied all conditions for determining the results. Conclusion: SUEP did not induce chromosomal aberrations under the conditions of this study. Other toxicity evaluations, safety studies in humans, and various clinical trials are required to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SUEP.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2024

Objectives: Genotoxicity is evaluated through a chromosomal aberration test using cultured mammalian cells to determine the toxicity of no-pain pharmacopuncture (NPP), which has recently been used to treat musculoskeletal pain disorders in Korean medical clinical practice. Methods: An initial test was performed to determine the dosage range of the NPP, followed by the main test. In this study, NPP doses of 10.0, 5.0, and 2.5%, and negative and positive controls were tested. An in vitro chromosome aberration test was performed using Chinese hamster lung cells under short-term treatment with or without metabolic activation and under continuous treatment without metabolic activation. Results: Compared with the saline negative control group, NPP did not significantly increase the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in Chinese hamster lung cells, regardless of the presence or absence of metabolic activation. Additionally, the number of cells with structural chromosomal abnormalities was significantly higher in the positive control group than that in the negative control group that received saline. Conclusion: Based on the above results, the chromosomal abnormality-producing effect of NPP was determined to be negative under these test conditions.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.349-359
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• 1994

To elucidate pathogenicity to hamster of encephalomyocarditis virus $K_3$ strain that was isolated in Korea from the swine with reproductive failures, adult male syrian hamsters were experimentally infected intraperitoneally with the virus at $10^{7.0}\;TCID_{50}/0.1ml$ and pathological and immunohistochemical studies were performed. The results obtained through the experiment were as follows. 1. Clinical signs such as depression, unkempt hair and bilateral parlysis of hind limbs were observed. 2. At necropsy, mild congestion was observed in the cerebrum, liver, kidney and lung, and atrophy was evident in testis. 3. In microscopic observation, degeneration and necrosis of the nervous cells and perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration were manifested in central nerve system, and various degrees of degeneration and necrosis of parenchymal cells were detected in pancreas, lacrimal gland, liver, kidney and testis. 4. In immunohistochemical observation, strong positive reactions were observed in degenerated parenchymal cell of testis, and weak positive reactions, in hepatocytes.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2003

Pendimethalin [N-(1-ethyl-propyl)-2, 6-dinitro-3, 4-xylidine, $C_{13}$H$_{19}$N$_3$O$_4$, M.W. = 281.3, CAS No. 40481-42-1]는 제초제의 일종으로, 본 연구에서는 박테리아 복귀 돌연변이 시험과 포유동물 세포를 이용한 염색체 이상 시험 및 마우스를 이용한 in vivo 소핵 시험을 수행하여 pendimethalin의 유전독성을 평가하였다. 박테리아 복귀 돌연변이 시험에서 pendimethalin은 Salmonella thphimurium TA98, TA1537 균주의 경우, 대사 활성계 존재와 부재시,TA100의 경우는 대사 활성계 부재시에만 313∼5,000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/p1a1e의 범위에서 농도의존적인 돌연변이율의 증가를 보여주었고, TA1535의 경우에는 대사 활성계 존재시 약간의 돌연변이가 증가되는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 그러나 대사 활성계 부재시 TA1535와 대사 활성계 존재시 TA100균주의 경우에는 돌연변이 유발능을 관찰할 수 없었다. 한편 포유동물 세포인 Chinese hamster lung(CHL) fibroblast를 이용한 염색체 이상 시험에서 pendimethalin은 대사 활성계 존재 및 부재시 2.32∼9.28 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml 농도에서 clastogenicity를 보이지 않았다. 또한 203∼810 mg/kg의 pendimethalin을 구강 투여한 마우스의 골수세포를 이용한 in vivo소핵 시험의 결과에서도 통계적으로 유의한 소핵 유발능을 관찰할 수 없었다.다.