• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.275-280
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Origanum vulgare extracts on cell proliferation of human hair dermal papilla cell (HHDPC) using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) method, expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) by analyzing reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and hair growth in a shaving animal model of C57BL/6 mice topically applying with an amount of 0.1 mL once a day for 3 weeks. The mice were divided into 4 groups including normal group (saline, N), negative control group (dimethyl sulfoxide, NC), positive control group (5 mg/mL minoxidil, PC), and experimental group (Origanum vulgare extracts, OV). Treatment of OV didn't show cytotoxicity in HHDPC up to 10 ${\mu}g/mL$ and exhibited antioxidant activity with $IC_{50}$ of 31.0 ${\mu}g/mL$. IGF-1 expression in the skin was significantly (p<0.05) increased in the PC and OV compared to the N or NC. PC and OV also showed a prominently promoted hair regrowth compared to the N or NC in hair growth observation. The hair regrowth of OV was significantly higher than that of PC (p<0.05). Therefore, these results indicate that O. vulgare extracts effectively stimulated hair growth in an animal model.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.136-144
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• 2014

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Platycarya strobilacea S. et Z. (PSE) extract on mouse hair growth and to determine the mechanism of action of PSE. PSE was purchased and its antioxidant activities, such as electron donating ability, total polyphenol content, and flavonoid content were tested. Toxicity during topical treatment was determined by the CCK-8 assay, a cell viability test. Fifteen 4-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to receive one of three treatments: dimethyl sulfoxide (negative control), minoxidil (positive control) or PSE. Test materials were topically applied to the shaved dorsal skin of each mouse daily for 3 weeks. After 21 days, we observed skin tissue hair follicle morphology and length, mast cell number, and stem cell factor (SCF) expression using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), toluidine blue, and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of cytokines involved in hair growth [i.e., insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}1$] was determined by PCR. PSE was found to have very high antioxidant activity. The cell viability rate of PSE-treated mice was markedly higher than that of mice in the control group. We also observed an increase in hair follicle length, strong SCF staining, and a decrease in mast cell number in the PSE group. In addition, PSE-treated mice had higher IGF-1 and KGF expression and lower TGF-${\beta}1$ expression than mice in the minoxidil-treated group. These results suggest that topical application of PSE promotes hair growth by intensifying SCF, suppressing mast cell production, and increasing hair growth-promoting cytokine expression.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.647-652
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• 2021

In this study, Saussurea Lappa roots were extracted using ethanol and n-hexane, and also the effects on proliferation of human hair dermal papilla cells and fibroblast and related signaling pathway were evaluated. 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted for cell proliferation effect of Saussurea Lappa root extract, and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), serine/threonine protein kinase (Akt), wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/𝛽-catenin signaling pathway, and 5𝛼-reductase expression through western blot analysis were measured. Saussurea Lappa root extract significantly increased human hair dermal papilla cells and propagation of fibroblast, promoted phosphorylation of ERK and Akt that get involved in cell proliferation. Additionally, Saussurea Lappa root extract significantly decreased promotion of Akt phosphorylation and cell proliferation by MEK/ERK inhibitor PD98059 and PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002. Also, Saussurea Lappa root extract induced intranuclear 𝛽-catenin accumulation by promoting phosphorylation of 𝛽-catenin (Ser552, 675) through phosphorylation of GSK-3𝛽 (Ser9), and suppressed activation of 5𝛼-reductase type I and II. Overall, Saussurea Lappa root induces cell proliferation through vitalization of ERK and Akt route of human hair dermal papilla cells and fibroblast and apoptosis defense mechanism, and can be helpful in hair loss prevention and hair growth by vitalizing the 𝛽-catenin signaling pathway and inhibiting activation of 5𝛼-reductase, which can be used as a potential hair care products.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.405-408
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• 2007

Vestibular hair cells, the sensory receptors of vestibular organs, selectively amplify miniscule stimuli to attain high sensitivity. Such selective amplification results in compressive nonlinear sensitivity, which plays an important role in expanding dynamic range while ensuring robustness of the system. In this study, negative stiffness mechanism, a mechanism responsible for the selective amplification by vestibular hair cells, is applied to a simple mechanical system consisting of an array of inverted pendulums. The structure and working principle of the system have been inspired by gating spring hypothesis proposing that opening and closing of transduction channels contributes to the global stiffness of vestibular hair bundle. Parameter study was carried out to analyze the effect of each parameter on the compressive nonlinearity of suggested model.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.9
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• pp.190-199
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• 2014

In this paper, the vestibular hair bundle feature model and integrated vestibular hair cell model were proposed. In conventional modeling studies of vestibular system, only partial mechanisms were modeled, such as the characteristics of the vestibular hair bundles without external forces or the action potential of synapse, and the study about action potential of vestibular afferent considering the characteristics of the vestibular hair bundle was not performed. The proposed integrated vestibular hair cell model reflects external forces considering negative stiffness features of each hair bundles with different regularities of hair cells and our model was compared with conventional model without external forces. As a result, irregular afferent and intermediate afferent with high ratio of firing frequency variations to the changes of external stimulation had small width of negative stiffness section, but the width of the negative stiffness of regular afferent with low ratio was similar to that of conventional negative stiffness features. And the proposed integrated vestibular hair cell model showed almost same results with conventional data with animal experiments in 11 chosen frequency bands. It is verified that our proposed hair bundle feature model is adequately modeled.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.236-241
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• 2008

Hair manicure is usually and widely operated in the area of hair-dyeing by the reason that acidic hair color is less damaged and more stable than other chemical color treatment. However, there is no an in-depth study to prove them. This study purposes to provide basic resources for effectively using products of hair manicure by experiments on Physical Properties of Hair. Hair of one healthy woman in mid-20's, Level 4, was sampled for experiments. For the tests, hair samples were classified by the frequency of hair manicure treatment The control group(a), once treatment(b), twice(c), three times(d), four times(e) and five times(f). The results were measured with Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM) and Tensile Strength and Elongation test. The lower Values of Tensile Strength according to repeated hair manicure treatment. Elongation is not affected by the frequency of hair manicure treatment. There was no remarkable change of hair surface in once(b) and twice(c) treatment. The change of hair surface which was able to judge by cuticle layers looseness, tunics and the transformation of cuticle cell were observed in the hair samples operating more than three times(d) of hair manicure treatment.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.374-379
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• 2017

Hair loss affects interpersonal relationships and causes psychological stress. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activity of Cynanchi Wilfordii Radix (CWR) and its effects on dermal papilla (DP) cells. Antioxidant efficacy was examined by ABTS assay. To confirm the effect on cell activity, MTS assay was performed and cell count was directly measured by hemocytometer. The mRNA expression of genes involved in hair formation and hair loss formation was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. CWR has a strong antioxidant activity. Cell viability of DP cells was increased to 118.5% by treatment of 0.5 mg/ml CWR for 24 hours, but the effect on the cell number was insignificant. These results suggest that CWR increases mitochondrial activity without promoting cell proliferation. Treatment of DP cells with 0.5 mg/ml CWR resulted in 48.5% reduction of mRNA expression of type 2 $5{\alpha}$-reductase, a major cause of male hair loss. In addition, mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic pretein (BMP), fibroblast growth factor (FGF)7, and FGF10, which are closely related to hair growth, was also decreased. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) acts as a cause of hair loss. The excellent antioxidant efficacy of CWR is thought to be able to effectively remove ROS. The dihydrotestosterone produced by type 2 $5{\alpha}$-reductase in DP cells is a potent inducer of male pattern hair loss. The inhibitory effect of type 2 $5{\alpha}$-reductase mRNA on DP cells induced by CWR may induce a positive therapeutic effect of male pattern hair loss.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1269-1275
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• 2017

Tenebrio molitor samples were investigated as novel biomaterials and sources of food in several recent studies. However, the insects' effects on hair growth were not sufficiently researched. To develop novel and natural materials for preventing alopecia and promoting hair growth, this study investigated the antioxidant activities and hair-growth promotion effects of TMEs. To determine the antioxidant activities, the TMEs' DPPH radical- and nitrite-scavenging activities were examined. To determine hair-growth promotion effects, proliferations of human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and the murine fibroblast cell line NIH3T3 were evaluated by using an MTS assay. In addition, estimations were made for cell viabilities against cell death induced by dihydrotesterone (DHT) in DPCs and inhibitory effects against potassium channel blocking induced by tolbutamide (TBM) in NIH3T3 cells. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was 81.17%, and the nitrite scavenging activity was 43.69%; the activities were similar to the activities of blueberry extracts. Moreover, the TMEs promoted the proliferation of human DPCs and NIH3T3 cells, which were concentrated dependently. The TMEs prevented not only DHT-induced DPC cytotoxicity but also TBM's action as a potassium channel blocker in NIH3T3 cells. The results suggested that TME could be used as a functional therapeutic alopecia reagent, to prevent hair loss and to promote hair growth.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.288-293
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• 2014

The present study was conducted to evaluate the hair growth-promoting effect of Clitocybin A from mushroom Clitocybe aurantiaca with dermal papilla cells (DPCs), which play important roles in the regulation of hair cycle. Clitocybin A significantly increased the proliferation of immortalized rat vibrissa DPCs. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that Clitocybin A promoted cell-cycle progression through G0/G1 to S phase in immortalized rat vibrissa DPCs. In addition, Clitocybin A increased the level of cell cycle proteins such as cyclin D1, phospho-pRB, and phospho-CDK2. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of Clitocybin A on the proliferation of DPCs, we examined the activation of wnt/${\beta}$-catenin signaling which is known to regulate hair follicle development, differentiation and hair growth. Clitocybin A activated wnt/${\beta}$-catenin signaling via the increase of phospho(ser552)-${\beta}$-catenin, phospho(ser675)-${\beta}$-catenin and phospho(ser9)-$GSK3{\beta}$. Furthermore, Clitocybin A markedly increased the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). These results suggest that the Clitocybin A may induce hair growth by proliferation of DPCs via cell-cycle progression as well as the activation of Wnt/${\beta}$-catenin signaling and ERK pathway.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.1E
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

The inner hair cell stereocilia of the guinea pig cochlea was examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) after loud tone exposure onto the ear drum of the animal. Before and after guinea pigs were exposed to intensive and continuous tone such as 106 dB SPL in intensity, the functioning of the cochlea was monitored by N1-N2 audiograms. The structural damage of the stereocilia of inner hair cells (IHCs) and outer hair cells (OHCs) was examined using the SEM in x 1500 magnification. The comparison between the functional change of the cochlea and the structural damage of the IHC stereocilia is done by means of photographic observation. It can be shown that the functional change might be related to the structural damage of the IHC stereocilia after intensive acoustic trauma.