• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.41 no.8
• /
• pp.797-808
• /
• 2008

This study has been carried out to obtain information related to food habits and snacking behaviors including health related behaviors. The subjects were 300 middle school students (144 boys and 156 girls). The results were as follows: Average height and weight of boys were 162.3 cm and 54.1 kg respectively. Those of girls were 159.8 cm and 49.0 kg respectively. 59.0% of the subjects of the subjects had 10,000-30,000 won as monthly allowances and their subjective health condition was good (55.7%). In the regularity of meal, 47.0% of the subjects had twice a day, the main reason for skipping meal was insufficient time to eat due to oversleep (54.3%). Most of the subjects (75.0%) had a prejudice in food selection because of a bad taste. 62.0% of the subjects ate snack between meals more than three times a week, because they were hungry, good taste and habitual. The criteria of choosing snack were taste, nutrition and quality of food. Food as snacks they frequently had fruits, milk and milk products, cookies, chocolate in order. Boys had more french fries than girls, girls had more fruits, cookies and chocolate than boys. Average food habit score of boys (49.27 ${\pm}$ 7.53) was higher than that of girls (48.54 ${\pm}$ 7.81). The group who had a higher food habit score, they had more fruits and less soft drink as snacks, lower BMI, and also less monthly allowance than the group who had a lower food habit score. This study may provide basic information on eating habits of middle school students, suggests that nutrition education or counseling can improve food habits and develop positive behaviors toward healthy diets.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.492-500
• /
• 2010

This study conducted a questionnaire survey of 482 male and female second graders in middle schools located in Cheongju, Chungcheongbukdo. This study lays its purpose on establishing the nutrition facts labeling system by understanding eating habits and analyzing the actual state of reading nutrition facts labels and degrees of understanding them among middle school students, and helping them to engage in right food purchasing activities and through it result in developing sound eating habits by providing them with basic material to be employed to actively utilize nutrition facts for choosing and buying healthy foods. As a result of surveying regarding the actual state of reading food labels, regarding degrees of recognition of food labels, it was revealed that 91.1% of female students recognized them, while 42.1% of male students did not recognize them, indicating lower levels of recognition among the male group. Regarding reasons for not checking food labels, 49.2% indicated habitual purchasing, followed by poor contents in the label(20.2%), ununderstandable contents(17.7%), and the lower reliability of the contents(6.9%). As a result of surveying regarding the actual state of reading nutrition facts labels, in recognition of nutrition facts labels, female rather than male students showed higher degrees of recognition, and degrees of recognition were found to differ according to parents' total income and mothers' educational attainments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.490-500
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the snack and beverage intake patterns of students by body mass index groups (BMI <18.5, 18.5-23, 23-30, ${\geq}$30). Questionnaires were completed by 1381 high school students in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi-do, the area of Korea's capital region. There were no significant differences in skipping meals for overweight (BMI 23-30 and ${\geq}$30) or under-nourished (BMI <18.5) students. Girls skipped dinner more frequently than boys. Boys and girls both preferred meat and disliked fish regardless of BMI. Girls with BMI 23-30 disliked vegetables. Boys and girls would rather have crackers, candies, and chocolates than potatoes as snacks regardless of BMI. Obese boys (BMI ${\geq}$30) preferred flour-based food, fast food, and other food as snacks. Girls liked fruits more than boys. Snacks were eaten 2-3 times per week, when students were hungry or bored. There were no significant differences in the frequency or reasons (habitual, stressed) for snack consumption by BMI. Girls liked juice more than boys did, and boys preferred soda water more than girls did. Both the under-nourished (BMI <18.5) boy and girl groups had more juice than the overweight (BMI 23-30 and ${\geq}$30) groups. Obese (BMI ${\geq}$30) boys did not more drink soda water than other BMI groups. The under-nourished (BMI <18.5) boy group had more soda water than the normal (BMI 18.5-23) and overweight (BMI 23-30) groups. Girls in the overweight (BMI 23-30) group had 2 more cups of soda water a day than the normal group (BMI 18.5-23). Therefore, skipping meals and beverage intake patterns might influence BMI.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.8 no.11
• /
• pp.331-342
• /
• 2017

The study empirically investigates the effect of mindfulness on their job satisfaction and organizational commitment of flight attendants focused on the mediating effect of job satisfaction between mindfulness and organizational commitment. Data was collected at Incheon and Jeju international airport from flight attendants working on international flight of domestic airlines. The results of this study reveal that concentration among the sub-factors of mindfulness had positive effects on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. And job satisfaction partially mediated between the sub-factor of mindfulness and organizational commitment. In order for flight attendants to avoid habitual behaviors and to increase concentration while on duty, it is important to work together to remind one another of next step of service that immediately follows and complete a checklist at the end of each step of service.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.601-611
• /
• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the perceived symptoms of oral and temporomandibular joint disorders in adults and to analyze the factors affecting subjective symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders. Methods: 249 adults over 20 years old who had subjective symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders were surveyed and analyzed. Independent t-test and ANOVA test were used to examine the relationship between oral habits and temporomandibular joint disorder according to general characteristics. $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test was used for post-hoc analysis. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the factors affecting oral habits and temporomandibular joint disorder. Results: First, the factors affecting oral and habitual behaviors were married (p<0.05) and monthly income between 1 million~1.9 million won (p<0.001), higher temporomandibular joint disorder (p<0.01) And the degree of habit was increased. Second, the factors affecting temporomandibular joint disorder were increased in occupation (p<0.05) and the degree of oral habit (p<0.01). Conclusions: In conclusion, it was confirmed that oral habit influences temporomandibular joint disorder. Especially, it is suggested that prevention and promotion of temporomandibular joint disorder are needed to recognize the removal of oral habits.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.150-157
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to develop a prevention education program by grasping the knowledge of hepatitis A, Immunization and prevention behavior of university students. The subject of the study was questionnaire for 219 students, excluding the 3rd and 4th graders of the Department of Nursing. Collected data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation using SPSS 18.0. As a result of the study, knowledge of hepatitis A was determined by gender, major, allowance for a month, HAV education experience within 3 months, personal antibody retention, HAV hepatitis, and cases of HAV infection among family members, hepatitis A prevention behavior showed a significant difference in the type of residence. In order to increase the hepatitis A vaccination rate of university students through this study, the need for vaccination and promotion of adult vaccination is necessary, and the development of a program that enables habitual preventive behaviors is needed.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.04a
• /
• pp.405-433
• /
• 2007

This study is conducted to examine how purchase behaviors of consumers have affected by the promotion of coupons in internet shopping mall. This study was conducted with the purpose of identifying the differences in purchase behavior based on consumer' s perception and experience of internet shopping mall coupons, and based on consumers' perception of cost and value of coupons, using a theoretic framework presented in previously conducted studies. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, based on the perception of coupons, there were significant differences in intent to use and intent to re-use at the time when coupons are offered, and at the time when coupons are offered, no significant differences were found between the level of interest and the importance of coupon at the time of visiting the shopping mall; however, significant differences were found in the overall purchase behavior based on perception of coupons. Second, when overall differences m purchase behavior based on experience in coupon use was observed, having experience in using coupons showed a higher average than did having no experience in using coupons, showing a significant difference. It was found that compared to those without experience in using coupons, those with experience with coupons had higher intent to use at the time when coupon is offered, intent to re-use at the time when coupon is offered, and higher level of purchase behavior in the importance of coupons at the time of visiting the shopping mall. Third, when relationship between purchase behaviors, cost of coupon, and perception of convenience was observed, a clear static relationship was found. This suggests that as the cost and perception of convenience of coupon increases, purchase behavior also increases. Such result suggests that there is a difference in purchase behavior based on experience in coupon use. When relationship of purchase behavior by variables of cost of coupon and perception of convenience is observed, it has a positive relationship with the perception that the use of coupon includes saving money, financial help, enjoyment of use, habitual use, has a short effective date, and has a negative relationship with the perception that it saves little money and is a waste of time. Therefore, it can be seen that purchase behavior has the highest relationship with enjoyment of coupon use and habitual coupon use. Such results suggest that purchase behavior will be significantly influenced based on cost of coupon and perception of convenience.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.594-602
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate eating behaviors related to snack and self-purchasing snack (SPS) among elementary school children. Self-administered questionnairs were completed by 352, 5th and 6th grade elementary school students living in 3 different regions which included apartment region in Bundangn, Sungnam (apartment group, n=116), residences in Seodaemun-Gu and Mapo-Gu, Seoul (kang-buk group, n=103) and residence in industrial region in Sungnam (industry group, n=133). The results were as follows: A significantly higher proportion (64.7%) of the apartment group had breakfast every morning than those of kang-buk (48.6%) or industry (52.1%) group (p<0.01). As for the frequency rate of snack and self-purchasing snack (SPS), 53.9% of the subjects answered taking snack more than once per day, 22.8%, once for few days and 23.3%, almost not. However, 15.5% of the subject had SPS once or more per day, 30.7%, 1-2 times per week and 22.4%, almost not. Those of apartment group showed significantly lower SPS frequencies (p<0.01), since higher proportions answered having SPS 1-2times per week (40.9%) and almost not (31.3%) compared to other groups. The reasons for having SPS turned out to be 'hunger' 54.7%, 'being habitual', 15.9%, 'bing bored', 15.7% and 'with peers' 13.7%. When subjects selected SPS foods, they considered taste (31.5%), price (23.0%), mood at the time (14.1%), sanitorial aspect (10.2%) and quantity (10.1%) rather than nutritional aspect (7.2%). Subjects' pocket money was estimated as 3736 won per week and SPS expense per time as 706 won. But subjects who spent more than 2000 won for SPS expense were significantly higher (33.0%) in apartment group than those of other groups (p<0.01). The favorite snack items that subjects having at home were fruit, ice cream, milk and yoghurt, cookies, ramen and bread in order. And favorite SPS items turned out to be ice cream, cookies, duckbokki, frozen bars, gum, chocholate and candy in order. The frequency rate of SPS were evaluated to be significantly related by several variables: those living in apartment area (p<0.01), those taking breakfast regularly (p<0.01), those of normal weight status by Rohrer index (p<0.05) and those receiving less pocket money (p<0.01) showed lower SPS frequency rate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.578-588
• /
• 2008

The objective of this study was to evaluate associations of dietary sodium (Na) intake with salt-related dietary behaviors of 218 university students (95 men; 123 women) living in Gyeonggi area. Dish frequency questionnaire (DFQ) was used to identify salt-related dietary behaviors and to determine Na intakes. In men, systolic & diastolic blood pressures, Na intakes and DFQ-15 scores were significantly higher than in women. High-salt intake group (HS), classified by DFQ-15, had higher scores of high-salt dietary attitude and more Na intakes than low-salt intake group (LS). HS took protein foods and had balanced diets less frequently than LS (p<0.05). HS had fried dishes & fatty meats, and added salt to dishes more frequently (p<0.05). HS and LS had differences in preference of soy-boiled and Chinese or Japanese foods, in intake frequency of bean-paste soup, in use of soy sauce with fried food or raw fish, and in salt addition to dishes at the table (p<0.05). HS, classified by Na intakes, had high-salt dietary attitudes such as preference of seasoned rice & soy-boiled foods and habitual addition of soy sauce or salt to dishes at the table. The subjects using food labels when purchasing had better salt-related attitudes & behaviors, and lower DFQ-15 scores & Na intakes than the non-users (p<0.01). Self-assessed HS (SHS) had worse salt-related attitudes and behaviors (p<0.05). Male self-assessed LS (SLS) had higher Na intakes, which indicated that self-assessment of salt preference did not actually reflect Na intake. In summary, male university students belonged to a high-risk group of salt intakes, and HS preferred soy-boiled foods or fatty dishes, frequently added salt to dishes and rarely had balanced diets. These results suggest that nutrition education programs for university students should include fundamental dietetics and a balanced diet, in addition to a low-Na diet.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.475-481
• /
• 2020

This study investigated the mental health factors of juveniles according to socio-demographic characteristics and mental health related characteristics using the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey 2019 Data. The study subjects were total 57,303 students (middle school: 29,384, high school: 27,919). The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, χ²-tests and regression analysis using SPSS ver. 18.0. The findings revealed that socio-demographic characteristics (gender, residential area, residential type, economic status, school achievement) and mental health related characteristics (subjective assessment, stress cognition, overcoming fatigue through sleeping, experiencing sadness and despair, suicidal ideation, suicidal planning, suicidal attempts, experience of hospital care for violence, experience of smoking, drinking, sexual relations and/or habitual drug use, internet use except for study) were factors that influenced factors related to the mental health of juveniles (p<0.05). The mental health of juveniles was closely related with health behaviors. This study could be used as a tool for the development and establishment of juveniles' health promotion and prevention strategies in the future.