• Macromolecular Research
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.443-448
• /
• 2006

A novel ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin derivative (CCD-C) was synthesized with chitosan and carboxymethyl-${\beta}$-cyclodextrin. Its structure was characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra analysis, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The adsorption properties for guanosine 5'-monophosphate, cytidine 5'-monophosphate and uridine 5'-monophosphate were studied. Experimental results demonstrated that CCD-C had higher adsorption capability for guanosine 5'-monophosphate, and that the adsorption capacity for guanosine 5'-monophosphate was 74.20mg/g. The adsorption capacity was greatly influenced by pH, time and temperature. The introduction of chitosan enhanced the adsorption ability and adsorption selectivity of ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin for guanosine 5'-monophosphate. This novel derivative of chitosan is expected to have wide applications in the separation, concentration and analysis of nucleotides in biological samples.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.111-116
• /
• 1984

Ribonucleic acid contents and mononucleotides distribution from the mycelium and fruit bodies of Ganoderma lucidum were studied. P.E.I. cellulose TLC and HPLC were applied in this study. The obtained results are as follows; The levels of ribonucleic acids from the young basidiocarp mycelium were higher than those of mature basidiocarp. Guanosine 5'-monophosphate and xanthosine 5'-monophosphate were found in both young basidiocarp mycelium and mature basidiocarp. The levels of guanosine 5'-monophosphate and xanthosine 5'-monophosphate from the young basidiocarp were higher than those of the mature basidiocarp. However, inosine 5'-mono­phosphate was not detected.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.188-191
• /
• 1979

The heat decomposition rate of guanosine-5'-monophosphate was investigated in pH range from 5.52 to 7.00, and 0.1 of the ionic strength. The result showed that the rate was a first-order reaction and the rate of guanosine-5'-monophosphate loss was maximum near $pKa_2$. The loss of guanosine-5'-monophosphate was temperature dependent and followed to the Arrhenius equation in the temperature region from $93^{\circ}C$ to $108^{\circ}C$. The rate constant as function of temperature ($93^{\circ}C$ to $108^{\circ}C$) and neutral pH($pKa_2$, 6.0, to 7.0) was correlated by least-square fit of the experimental data; $$K=4.19{\times}10^{26}\;{\exp}\;[-1.3(pH+E/RT)]$$

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.141-152
• /
• 1984

Aspergillus niger van Tieghem was cultured by the method of synchronous and submerged culture. Throughout the culture, sporulation was occured. Highly phosphorylated nucleotides in sporulating mycelia were detected to assure whether the eucaryotic Aspergillus niger produce these substances or not during the differentiation. Phosphorylated nucleotides were extracted from the conidiophore, bearing mycelia and spore forming body, these nucleotides were identified by TLC with P.E.I. cellulose. Guanosine tetraphosphate was found in both phialide forming mycelia and spore forming body. The contents of free amino acids were assayed and its level was found to increase at early stage of sporulation. The effects of 8-azaguanine examined, it was found to prevent spore formation and to made abnormal structure. The effects of inosinic monophosphate and guanosine monophosphate on spore formation were examined, spore formation was enhanced by these nucleotides.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1981

Crystallization conditions of disodium guanosine-5'-monophosphate (5'-GMP. 2Na) were studied. The solubility of 5'-GMP. 2Na was decreased by addition of methanol and the optimum condition was as follows. The crystallization was carried out at 45$^{\circ}C$ with agitation rate of 160-200 rpm., which is Reynold's No. of 25, 000-32, 000. When concentration of methanol was 7.5%~10.0%, the 5'-GMP. 2Na was easily crystallized by addition of crystal seed.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.62 no.4
• /
• pp.425-431
• /
• 2019

Platelet activation is essential for hemostatic process on blood vessel damage. However, excessive platelet activation can cause some cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and myocardial infarction. Scoparone is commonly encountered in the roots of genus Artemisia or Scopolia, and has been studied for its potential pharmacological properties including immunosuppression and vasorelaxation, but antiplatelet effects of scoparone have not been reported yet. We investigated the effect of scoparone on human platelet activation prompted by an analogue of thromboxane A₂, U46619. As the results, scoparone dose-dependently increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels as well as cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels, both being aggregation-inhibiting molecules. In addition, scoparone strongly phosphorylated inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R) and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), substrates of cAMP dependent kinase and cGMP dependent kinase. Phosphorylation of IP₃R by scoparone resulted in inhibition of Ca²⁺ mobilization in calcium channels in a dense tubular system, and phosphorylation of VASP by scoparone led to an inability of fibrinogen being able to bind to αIIb/β3. Finally, scoparone inhibited thrombin-induced fibrin clotting, thereby reducing thrombus formation. Therefore, we suggest that scoparone has a strong antiplatelet effect and is highly probable to prevent platelet-derived vascular disease.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.19 no.10
• /
• pp.1099-1105
• /
• 1998

A series of (diamine)isopropylidenmalonatoplatinum(Ⅱ) complexes and the oxidation products, (diamine)Pt (OOC)2C=C(CH3)2(X)2, (diamine=ethylenediamine(en), 1,2-diaminopropan(dap), N-methylethylenediamine(men); X=OH, OCOCH3, OCOCF3), have been prepared, and their interaction with guanosine-5'-monophosphate (5'-GMP) have been examined by means of 1H NMR spectroscopy. The present platinum(Ⅱ) complexes have shown to interact with 5'-GMP through N7 coordination in two concecutive steps in a similar way as with cisplatin, but no interaction between the present platinum(Ⅳ) complexes and 5'-GMP was observed. However, in the presence of ascorbic acid, the platinum(Ⅳ) complexes have been found to interact with 5'-GMP with the reaction rate depending on their reduction rate.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.141-148
• /
• 2021

The objective of this research was to evaluate the immune response to Salmonella Gallinarum experimentally infected layers fed with Guanosine 5'-monophosphate-chelated calcium and iron feed additives. Hy-Line brown, 34 week-olds layers were assigned to 3 groups; Group 1: basal diet feed, Group 2 (CaFe-GMP): basal diet feed mixed with chelated calcium and iron, and Group 3 (Fe-OCHT): basal diet feed mixed with chitosan for 4 weeks. There were challenged with 1.0×10⁸ CFU/mL of the cultured Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) by oral administration on 28th feeding days. After SG challenge, Flow cytometric profiles showed that the CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte activation of Group 2 was much higher than Group 1 and Group 3 (P<0.05). In addition, the levels of interleukin-2 (13.37 mg/dl) and interferon-γ (2.35 mg/dl) in Group 2 were higher than Group 1 and Group 2. Populations of Lactic acid bacteria (3.5×10¹⁰ CFU/g) from cecum was highest observed in group 2. Re-isolation of SG from cecum in group 2 (8×10⁵ CFU/g) was lower than group 1 (1.83×10¹⁰ CFU/g). The result of this study demonstrated that CaFe-GMP feed additive may be one of the potential candidates to control salmonellosis and functional feeds in layers.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.55-61
• /
• 2016

Sepiapterin, a precursor for tetrahydrobiopterin, is produced in higher mammals using guanosine triphosphate (GTP) as a biosynthetic intermediate. Four genes involved in GTP biosynthesis, namely those of guanosine monophosphate kinase (gmk), nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndk), guanosine phosphate synthetase (guaA), and inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (guaB), were expressed in sepiapterin-producing recombinant Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) to increase intracellular GTP concentration and to improve sepiapterin production concomitantly. Coexpression of gmk, ndk, guaA, and guaB, doubled the intracellular GTP concentration and increased the maximum sepiapterin concentration up to $126.1{\pm}19.3mg/l$ (an increase of 43% compared with control cells) in batch-cultivated recombinant E. coli.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.124-130
• /
• 2009

In presence of a polymer, the crystallization of low MW organic materials can be stopped at an intermediary step, where mesocrystals can be identified. A mesocrystal is defined as a superstructure of nanoparticles having polymer-adsorbed crystal faces on the scale of several hundred nanometers to micrometers. This study examined the effects of water soluble polymers and relevant parameters on the formation of guanosine-5'-monophosphate mesocrystals. It was observed in OM and SEM that GMP obtained in a polymer solution had a unique particle morphology different from the typical one of GMP. XRD analysis indicated that the polymer-directed crystallized GMP had a different polymorph of GMP. This result shows that the crystal structure of GMP can be changed by polymers. It was observed in TGA analysis that the polymer-directed crystallized GMP had a different water content, indicating a different type of hydrate.