• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.255-258
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• 1999

Effects of growth conditions on the growth of Zoogloea ramigera and the production of zooglan were investigated. The production of zooglan was greatly reduced in the phosphate-limiting medium. $NH_4Cl$ and ${(NH_4)}_2SO_4$ improved cell growth when they were used as a nitrogen source. The medium containing 45 g/L of glucose and 27 g/L of $NaNO_3$ resulted in the highest production of zooglan at 18.5 g/L.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.153-156
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• 2003

The MRS medium is widely used as an optimized medium for the growth of Lactobacillus spp. and also used for the growth of Leuconostoc spp. Leuconostoc mesenteroides shows quite different physicochemical properties compared to Lactobacilli spp. and it is one of the major strain of kimchi fermenting microorganisms with its usefulness in our traditional foods and availability in biotechnology in the future, specifically tailor-made medium is necessary for the growth of Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Sequential experimental designs (Plackett-Burman, fractional factorial, steepest ascent, central composite design and response surface methodology) were introduced to optimize and improve the Leuconostoc medium. Fifteen medium ingredients were investigated and fructose, sodium acetate and ammonium citrate were determined to give a critical and positive effect for cell-growth. The yield of biomass using the optimal medium was improved more than that of the MRS medium and the result of fed-batch culture showed the capability of the improvement in cell mass similar to the E.coli system.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.173-177
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• 1996

The Pneumococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, has an ample polysaccharide (PS) capsule that is highly antigenic and is the main virulence factor of the organism. The capsular PS is the source of PS vaccine. This investigation was undertaken to optimize the culture conditions for the production of capsular PS by type 4 pneumococcus. Among several culture media, brain heart infusion (BHI) and Casitone based medium were found to support luxuriant growth of pneumococcus type 4 at the same level. Therefore in this study, the Casitone based medium was used to study optimization of the culture condition because of BHI broth's high cost and complex nature. The phase of growth which accomodated maximum PS production was exponential phase. Concentrations of glucose greater than 0.8% did not enhance growth or PS production. Substitution of nitrogen sources with other resources or supplementation of various concentrations of metal ion (with the exception of calcium, copper, and magnesium ions) had adverse effects on growth and PS production. On the other hand, low level aeration and supplementation of 3 mg/l concentration of asparagine, phenylalanine, or threonine were beneficial for increased PS production. The synergistic effect of all the favorable conditions observed in pneumococcal growth assays provided a two-fold cumulative increase in capsular PS production.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.51-54
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• 2003

The objective of this study was to optimize culture conditions and to produce hydrogen and organic compounds using microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. First of all, C. reinhardtii UTEX 90 was chosen from the three kinds of strains in terms of their hydrogen and organic compound productivity. The optimum $\textrm{CO}_2$ concentration range of C. reinhardtii UTEX 90 was 1to 3%. We tested two medium, which are popular in this microalga culture; Brostol's medium and TAP medium (8). The cell growth in TAP medium was found to be higher than a Brostol's medium. Optimum culture with 3% of $\textrm{CO}_2$ in TAP medium produced the most hydrogen ($0.5\mu$ mol/ mg DCW), though Bristol's medium produced twice as much total organics.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.337-343
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• 2020

In this study, the medium optimization for cell growth and metabolite formation of Haematococcus sp. under mixotrophic cultivation was investigated. As a result, modified MS medium was selected as the basal medium; glucose was selected as the carbon source, with an optimum concentration of 10 g/l, and potassium nitrate was chosen as the nitrogen source, with an optimum concentration of 1.9 g/l. Under optimum conditions, Haematococcus sp. demonstrated an increase in biomass concentration from 0.18 gDW/l to 5.58 gDW/l in 14 days, after which there was a 31-fold increase in its growth. At the same time, the concentrations of chlorophyll and carotenoids were 172.16 mg/l and 42.33 mg/l, respectively. This work will contribute to the basic data for mass cultivation of microalgae.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.243-248
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• 2002

The effects of basal media, carbon, nitrogen, phosphate and some major macro elements on growth and shikonin production in Lithospermum erythrorhizon hairy root culture were studied. Among examined media, growth of hairy root cultured in B5 liquid medium was rapid, whereas shikonin production was high in MS liquid medium. Under B5 basal medium, sucrose concentration for optimal growth and shikonin production was 9% and 4% respectively. The growth and shikonin production on pH changes in B5 medium resulted little effect in pH 5.8 to pH 8.8 ranges, whereas growth was decreased dramatically in both above 8.8 and under 5.8. Nitrogen source and concentration effected on the growth and shikonin production. The highest growth rate was in B5 medium (50 mM $KNO_3$ and 1 mM $NaH_2PO_4)$, whereas the highest shikonin production was in the condition supplemented with 5 mM $KNO_3$ and 10 mM $NaH_2PO_4$.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.209-218
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• 2015

Fructooligosaccharides have been mainly produced by microbial fructosyltransferases (FTase) enzymes. The present work focuses on the optimization of medium composition and cultivation parameters affecting FTase produced by Penicillium aurantiogriseum AUMC 5605 in shake flask cultivation. FTase production was optimized in two steps using DeMeo's fractional factorial design. A 1.46-fold increase in FTase production (105.4 U/mL) was achieved using the optimized culture medium consisting of (g/L): sucrose, 600; yeast extract, 10; $K_2HPO_4$, 5; $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, 0.5; $(NH_4)_2SO_4$, 1.0 and KCl, 0.5. The obtained results showed that the maximum FTase enzyme activity was produced at initial cultivation pH values ranging from 6.0-6.5, at agitation speed of 200 rpm and using vegetative fungal cells as inoculum. Moreover, results showed that optimization of medium composition and some cultivation parameters resulted in an increase of about 93.7% in the enzyme activity than the nonoptimized cultivation conditions after 96 h of cultivation. Additionally, maximum production and specific production rates recorded 2340 U/L/h and 102 U/L/h/g cells, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.347-351
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• 1996

Flavonoid production by suspended cells of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was studied and the medium was optimized for cell growth and baicalin production. In SH medium the flavonoid production was not closely associated with the cell growth. A modified SH medium, FPM, was therefore designed for enhanced baicalin production. In FPM, both cell growth and baicalin production were increased by 1.5 times and 1.67 times than in the original SH medium, respectively. The increases could be attributed to the increased metabolic activities involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis as represented by enhanced activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.138-144
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• 2008

The production of the entomopathogenic and phytotoxic cyclic depsipeptide beauvericin (BEA) was studied in submerged cultures of Fusarium oxysporum KFCC 11363P isolated in Korea. The influences of various factors on mycelia growth and BEA production were examined in both complete and chemically defined culture media. The mycelia growth and BEA production were highest in Fusarium defined medium. The optimal carbon and nitrogen sources for maximizing BEA production were glucose and $NaNO_3$, respectively. The carbon/nitrogen ratio for maximal production of BEA was investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). Equations derived by differentiation of the RSM model revealed that the production of BEA was maximal when using 108 mM glucose and 25 mM $NaNO_3$.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.557-560
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• 1994

The optimum medium composition for the production of L-tryptophan with Klebsiella pnuemoniae pheA tyrA trpE trpR/pSC 101-trp$^{+}$ and the effect of precusors in the optimum medium were studied. The specific growth rate in the optimum medium was almost the same as that in the basal medium, the former showing 1.01 and the latter 1.07 hr $$^{-1}$, but the produced tryptophan was increased 45% in the optimum medium. The maximum amount of produced tryptophan was 159 mg/l within 14 hours. Tryptophan production was ceased by casamino acid addition over 4 g/l in medium, but cell maSS increased with its addition. Indole and anthranilate as precusors had toxic effect on growth and tryptophan production at experimented concentration range (over 20 mg/l), but L-serine had good effect on tryptophan production, resulting in 175 mg/l tryptophan within 14 hours.