• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.147-160
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• 2007

Background and Objective : The facial nerve grading system proposed by House and Brackmann is most widely accepted for the clinical assessment of facial nerve injury. Because of the limitations and subjectivity of the House-Brackmann scale, several new scales of varying degrees of objectivity and ease of use have been introduced. To assess methods of evaluating the function of the facial nerve that have been introduced over the past 20 years, We compared with the House-Brackmann scale. Method : We referred to the information through Entrez Pubmed and Korean studies information(KSI) from 1985 to 2006 about methods of evaluating facial nerve function. We choose 7 scales that focused on objective and easy of use. Result and conclusion : Sunnybrook scale is a weighted, subjective scale with incorporation of secondary defects into a single composite score. Sunnybrook scale can be recommended over House-Brackmann scale.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.1153-1160
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• 2013

SMISMO valve configuration is now starting to draw attention of the researchers of the construction equipment industry to increase the fuel efficiency of their equipment like excavators and wheel-loaders. An open-loop control strategy for grading operation of hydraulic excavator systems using SMISMO valve configuration is investigated in this paper. Tabor's algorithm for 1 d.o.f. SMISMO system under the assumption of quasi-static operation is revealed as not adequate for multi d.o.f. system with large moment of inertia even though the motion of the system is slow. New parameters are proposed in this paper. It modifies Tabor's open-loop control strategy for the grading operation of hydraulic excavators using SMISMO valve configuration. A simulation-based parameter tuning method is also proposed. It uses GA (Genetic Algorithm) to find the best parameter values. Simulation study for a practical hydraulic excavator shows the validity of the proposed open-loop control strategy.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.1635-1648
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• 2008

The extraction of important features in cancer cell image analysis is a key process in grading renal cell carcinoma. In this study, we applied three-dimensional (3D) texture feature extraction methods to cell nuclei images and evaluated the validity of them for computerized cell nuclei grading. Individual images of 2,423 cell nuclei were extracted from 80 renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). First, we applied the 3D texture mapping method to render the volume of entire tissue sections. Then, we determined the chromatin texture quantitatively by calculating 3D gray-level co-occurrence matrices (3D GLCM) and 3D run length matrices (3D GLRLM). Finally, to demonstrate the suitability of 3D texture features for grading, we performed a discriminant analysis. In addition, we conducted a principal component analysis to obtain optimized texture features. Automatic grading of cell nuclei using 3D texture features had an accuracy of 78.30%. Combining 3D textural and 3D morphological features improved the accuracy to 82.19%. As a comparative study, we also performed a stepwise feature selection. Using the 4 optimized features, we could obtain more improved accuracy of 84.32%. Three dimensional texture features have potential for use as fundamental elements in developing a new nuclear grading system with accurate diagnosis and predicting prognosis.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2018년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.153-154
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• 2018

It is required that an evaluation method that can present the performance after remodeling to residents objectively as the increase in demand for remodeling. New construction is able to evaluate through housing performance grading indication system. However, there are some parts that are difficult to apply as assessment criteria of new construction in remodeling. The purpose of this study is to establish the assessment criteria direction for each item in remodeling performance evaluation. In conclusion, we set up institutionalized items for remodeling performance evaluation, and propose to assessment criteria direction based on the characteristics of remodeling on extracted items.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.75-94
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• 2009

This study was designed to assess demotivation factors and compare the factor between two secondary school student groups. It furthermore examined how the factors related to students' L2 proficiency. A 31-item questionnaire was completed by 407 junior (JH) and senior high school (SH) students. Five factors were extracted through the principal axis factoring: Teachers' competence and teaching styles, Dissatisfaction with English classes and grading system, Difficulty of learning English, Lack of motivation and interest in learning English, and Inadequate learning contents. Although both JH and SH students did not perceive their English teacher as a strong attribution of demotivation, Difficulty of learning English and Dissatisfaction with English classes and grading system were the two strongest demotivating factors. When compared the overall mean scores of each factor between JH and SH groups, significant differences were found in all factors except Factor 4, with SH students reporting stronger demotivation. JH students attributed their demotivation to Difficulty of learning English, while SH students attributed that to Dissatisfaction with English classes and grading system. Both groups tended to attribute their demotivation to external forces. The study also showed that several demotivation factors related negatively to L2 proficiency.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2008

Objectives : This study is designed in order to evaluate oriental medical treatment of facial diplegia with continued facial palsy. Methods : The authors observed patients by Yanagihara's unweighted grading system for operated acupuncture treatment, herbal medicine treatment and physiotherapy. Results & Conclusions : 1. Both facial grade had different scores in Yanagihara's unweighted grading system for 2 cases when the facial palsy occured. 2. Both cases were diagnosed in wind-cold(feng-han) type. 3. The left and right side of face took different amount of time to recover. 4. Facial diplegia was significantly improved.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2018

서술형 문항은 수준 높은 사고능력 평가에 적합하나 채점이 쉽지 않다. 동일한 채점기준을 적용하더라도 채점자마다 서로 다른 채점을 할 수 있으므로 객관적인 채점 시스템이 필요하다. 그렇지만 채점 시스템을 구축하기 위해서는 표현 언어인 한국어 분석이 전제되어야 한다. 특히 서술형 문항의 답변은 단문형태가 아닌 복문이 내포된 복합 문장으로 표현되기 때문에 복합문의 한국어 분석이 이루어져야 한다. 본 연구는 이와 같은 서술형 문항의 자동 채점을 위해 한국어의 복합문을 구문의미 분석하는 시스템을 개발하고 시스템의 성능을 분석하였다. 이 시스템은 의미속성 사전을 활용하여 대상 구문의 의미적 제한조건을 검사하고 적합한 피수식 대상을 선별하여 구문의미분석을 실행한다. 실험 데이터에 대해 93%의 정확률을 얻어 제안한 시스템이 효과있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 시스템은 서술형 문항 채점에 활용할 수 있고 한국어 처리의 응용영역에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.245-254
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• 2020

Water quality improvement projects are being implemented without predicting the effect of water quality improvement on Lake Sapgyo. As the method of selecting the target stream for the effective conduct of water quality improvement projects the method of rating the streams were studied. To build a stream grading method, 60 major streams in the Lake Sapgyo system were monitored. The selection method of rivers subject to priority management for water quality improvement was applied to the stream grading method using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The analysis of importance by site by stream grading method revealed the following: water quality (36.0%), flow (26.1%), travel load (13.4%), TMDL density (12.0%), TMDL (8.9%), and area (3.7%). The pollution level of the river was scored by using the stream grading method, and the ranking of 51 streams was calculated. Based on this, the group was classified into six grades (A-F). Among the groups, the F and E groups were selected as the priority management streams. Cheonan-Cheon (Cheonan City) was selected as the first stream to establish water quality improvement measures in the Lake Sapgyo system, and Seowoo-Cheon (Dangjin City) was selected as the second site, and Oncheon-Cheon (Asan City) was selected as the third site. Each local government is expected to improve the water quality improvement effect with limited resources when establishing and implementing water quality improvement measures for the streams (F group, E group) to be managed in this study.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2011

The tidal flats of Korea today have reduced by 40% in size compared to 1964. To manage this important habitat properly, development of well-organized and nationwide-applicable grading systems is required. There have been several assessment systems proposed previously in Korea, but they are critically flawed in that selected biological indicators are not adequate and grading criteria are obscure and arbitrary. We reviewed the indicators used in these previous evaluation systems (e.g., diversity indices, quantity and quality of benthic macrofauna, halophytes, water birds, etc.) and subsequently proposed new indicators and an improved grading scheme. For the quantitative assessment of macrobenthic community, biomass reflecting production and ecosystem function is recommended over density, which is much less discriminatory among habitats. Of biodiversity indices used, within-, between-habitat and regional biodiversity indices that accurately reflect sampling efforts are suggested. In addition, we proposed to include species rarity, ecosystem engineers, and the ecological quality index ISEP (Inverse function of Shannon-Wiener Evenness Proportion). As for halophytes, their low spatial coverage on benthic habitat suggests that their presence can be used as an ecological indicator of benthic habitat, regardless of their protective status. We stress the need to introduce 1) quantile approach for quantitative indicators (e.g., diversity, biomass, etc.) in relation to grading, 2) presence-absence approach for spatial or aggregate indicators (e.g., boundaries of halophytes and feeding ground of water birds) and 3) benthic habitat mapping that combines all of these indicators.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.108-117
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• 2012

The purpose of Green Building Certification System is to promote the environment-friendly building construction as the life-cycle environmental performance of a certain building is assessed and certified nationally(domestically). By the way, a building can get the green building certificate just with the minimum standard in prerequisite assessment criteria and with the designated scores in totals. GBCS consists of 9 assessment issues and it has 4 grades. Nevertheless the 1st. grade green building has uneven scores in each issue. In other words, it has even 0 point in a special issue. Due to the above problem, the discrimination and reliability in the GBCS grading and scoring has to be secured. This study aims at a new grading and scoring system equipped with the discrimination and reliability through analysing the scores of prerequisite assessment criteria and the scores by issues in the actually certified green office buildings.