• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.783-790
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• 2016

이 연구는 2009 개정 교육과정 5~6학년 과학 교과서에 새롭게 제시된 통합탐구 단원에 대한 초등학교 교사들의 인식과 지도 실태를 조사하여 통합탐구 단원 구성과 지도의 개선 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 탐구지도와 관련된 기존 설문지를 수정, 보완하여 통합탐구 단원을 지도한 경험이 있는 교사들에게 설문을 실시해서 응답 내용을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 교사들은 통합탐구과정 지도의 중요성에 대해 긍정적으로 인식하고 있었다. '통합탐구능력 습득 및 발달, 과학 학습의 전이, 자유탐구 실행' 측면에서 교사들의 통합탐구 단원의 적용 효과에 대한 인식은 긍정적이었으며 그 이유로 '통합탐구과정 학습을 위한 별도의 시간 확보, 후속 학습에서의 활용, 자유탐구 활동에서 통합탐구과정 적용의 용이함'을 들었다. 반면에 교사들은 '통합탐구과정의 분절적 학습, 통합탐구 단원과 다른 단원 간의 연계성 부족, 학생의 호기심 유발이 어려운 교과서 내용 구성'을 이유로 통합탐구 단원의 효과에 대해 부정적인 의견을 제시하기도 했다. 또한 통합탐구 단원의 지도 실태에 대한 조사를 통해 많은 교사들이 통합탐구과정 지도 시 교과서 내용을 그대로 따르는 것을 확인하였다. 교사들이 통합탐구 단원 지도 시 어려움을 가장 크게 겪는 과정은 문제인식이었으며 그 다음으로 가설설정, 변인통제, 자료변환 및 자료해석, 일반화, 결론도출 순이었다. 교사들이 어려움을 겪는 이유는 '학생들의 호기심 경험 이해력 부족, 교사의 전문성 부족, 교과서 구성의 한계 및 학습 시간 부족' 등으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 통합탐구 단원의 개선 및 통합탐구과정 지도 관련 교사 전문성 제고를 위한 노력이 필요함을 시사한다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.233-242
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• 2019

In this paper, an inverse approach based on uniform load surface (ULS) is presented for structural damage localization and quantification. The ULS is excellent approximation for deformed configuration of a structure under distributed unit force applied on all degrees of freedom. The ULS make use of natural frequencies and mode shapes of structure and in mathematical point of view is a weighted average of mode shapes. An objective function presented to damage detection is discrepancy between the ULS of monitored structure and numerical model of structure. Solving this objective function to find minimum value yields damage's parameters detection. The teaching-learning based optimization algorithm has been employed to solve inverse problem. The efficiency of present damage detection method is demonstrated through three numerical examples. By comparison between proposed objective function and another objective function which make use of natural frequencies and mode shapes, it is revealed present objective function have faster convergence and is more sensitive to damage. The method has good robustness against measurement noise and could detect damage by using the first few mode shapes. The results indicate that the proposed method is reliable technique to damage detection in structures.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.213-228
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the new introduction of elementary science experiment specialist is appropriate under the current situation of serious emphasis of the importance in science experiments in elementary science in Korea. For this study, the survey items were developed twice through the preliminary study. The results show that most elementary teachers consider the importance of experiment in elementary science and the critical role of science experiments to increase students' curiosity and scientific understanding. About 80% of the teachers stressed the professionalism in elementary science. Although 65% of the teachers believed their having basic professionalism, 53% of them appealed the difficulty in teaching science experiments to students. Nevertheless, 67.5% of the teachers opposed to the idea of teaching elementary science in separation between experiment and theory in science, and only 8% of them agreed the idea of induction or adoption of the college graduates majoring in science and engineering, or holding the secondary teacher's certificate. Further, over 60% of the teachers responded no necessity of inducing the new policy of elementary science specialist. Many numbers of teachers revealed their serious worries about the new policy because of their past experience to suffer from the side effects of inducing the teachers with secondary teacher certificate to the elementary school. In particular, they also made a proposal to make a good use of the current system of exclusive elementary science teacher in Korea. The educational implication and suggestions for policy making were discussed.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2008

For teaching-learning to geological region of earth science part in science education, middle school, the practical uses of natural science museum are very effective. So, the appropriate uses of the natural science museum are necessary for the teaching and learning of Science Education. This study aims to consider the presentation characteristics of the natural science museum and to examine how is effective it to geological region in middle school science curricula on those uses. From the results, the natural science museum is low in multi-sided and open-endedness presentation characteristics but high in ones of accessible characteristic. And its presentations are good in multimodal characteristics using supported materials but relatively low in relevant and multimedia ones. In the museum, diorama and self-performing presentation types are not but internet ones are most. The presentations of the natural science museum are mainly assigned to knowledge region linked to basic science concepts but relatively insufficient in STS aspects, on the basis of connection the presentations with middle school science curricula. It is respected that these insufficiencies might be diminished by variable arrangements of and explanations to the presentations for understanding improvements. And, applies to the presentations in STS may be encountered, if multi-sided observations to them is available.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.180-208
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 위탁형 대안학교에 재학 중인 학생들의 좋은 과학수업에 대한 인식을 조사하고 분석해보았다. 18명의 대안학교 재학생을 대상으로 설문조사, 심층면담, 그림그리기를 실시하였다. 이에 대한 분석을 통해서 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 대안학교 학생들은 좋은 학교는 재미있는 학교, 학생의 의견을 존중해 주는 학교, 좋은 교사와 친구들이 있는 학교라고 언급했다. 둘째, 대안학교 학생들은 좋은 교사는 학생을 존중해 주는 교사, 학생과 소통하는 교사, 차별하지 않는 인간적인 교사라고 언급했다. 셋째, 대안학교 학생들이 생각하는 좋은 과학수업은 구성주의에 바탕을 둔 수업이다. 본 연구의 활용 방안 및 후속 연구를 중심으로 다음과 같은 제언을 하고자 한다. 첫째, 대안학교 학생들의 현재 대안학교와 교사에 대해 긍정적으로 생각하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대안학교 교사들의 학생들과의 대화, 인격존중, 학생들과의 인간관계를 정규학교에서도 잘 적용할 필요가 있다. 이는 공교육이 개혁되어 입시위주 교육, 주입식 교육, 암기식 교육이 아니라 인간다운 인간을 기르는 교육의 가능성을 제시한다. 둘째, 구성주의에 기반을 둔 과학수업을 위해서 대안학교 과학교사의 전문성 개발이 요구된다. 셋째, 효과적인 과학 수업을 위해서는 대안학교 수업 환경의 지원이 요구된다.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2012

This study was conducted using the phenomenological research method to collect and analyze high school students' opinions about fusing "science" textbook that reflect the 2009 Revised Curriculum. Ninety six students were chosen to be participants from 32 high schools that selected by city and province. The data collection was carried by individual interviews and group discussions. The results are as follow; students' opinions were summarized to 50 themes, and then classified to 9 theme clusters and 2 categories. Students' opinions were divided into a positive position - "it is good because interesting material associated with life", "the structure of textbook is good", "teachers' efforts make class interesting", and "it will help in career choices"- and negative position - "the content is difficult to understand", "the configuration is complex", "I have less interest about it because it doesn't related College Scholastic Ability Test", "teacher's explanation is insufficient", and "it is not associated with career choice"-. The living-related material and story-telling configuration received good reviews from students. On the other hand, the configuration of topics makes many concepts to use, so students have difficulty understanding the content and pointed out the lack of teachers' explanations about unfamiliar areas. In order to solve the difficulties, variety teaching material for fusing "science" will be developed.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2001

The study aimed to examine the effects of cooperative learning in science teaching on scientific knowledge, inquiry ability, and science - related attitudes. This study has carried out LT strategy. The cooperative learning was applied to the experimental group for 8 weeks with worksheets developed for this study, The results were statistically analyzed by SPSS. The results are as follows: Students of cooperative learning made significant progress in scientific knowledge(p<.05), inquiry ability(p<.01), and science - related attitudes(p<.05). The students in the cooperative classes have shown that the cooperative learning was good for causing interest. inducing active participation, and helping students' learning. and students showed strong wish for the continuous cooperative loaming.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.447-465
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to suggest effective teaching methods on the concept of infinity for students to obtain the right concept in the middle school curriculum. Many people have thought that infinity is something vouge and unapproachable. But, nowadays it is rather something with a precise definition that lies at the core of modern mathematics. To understand mathematics and science very well, it is necessary to comprehend the concept of infinity. But students tend to figure out the properties of infinite objects and limit concepts only through their experience closely related to finite process, and so they are apt to have their spontaneous intuition and misconception about it. Since most of them have cognitive obstacles in studying the infinite concepts and misconception, mathematics teachers need to help them overcome the obstacles and establish the right secondary intuition for the concepts through good examples and appropriate explanation. In this study, we consider the developing process of the concept of infinity in human history and give some comments and suggestions in teaching methods relative to that concept with new suitable examples.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권5
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• pp.623-631
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutrition knowledge of day-care center teachers and their guidance activities during meal time. Self-administered questionnaires were completed by 302 day care center teachers from September to November, 2004. The average score of nutrition knowledge was $12.9\pm2.3$ out of possible 20 points. As the teachers older(p<0.01) and the teaching careers longer(p<0.05), the scores of the nutrition knowledge was significantly higher. Those who had dietitian license showed significantly higher scores than others(p<0.01). Guidance activities during meal time were evaluated by the 5-point Likert scale on 24 items and the average score turned out to be $4.3\pm0.4$. The score showed significant difference only according to the length of the teaching career(p<0.05). These findings suggested that nutritional guidance and nutrition education program for day care center teachers should be developed so that they can effectively manage meal service and provide good nutrition for young children.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.467-482
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 인공지능 알고리즘에서 많이 사용되는 경사하강법(gradient descent method)을 대학수학 강좌에서 인공지능 활용사례로 사용할 수 있도록 연구한 교수·학습 기초자료를 소개한다. 특히 대학 미적분학 수준에서도 가르칠 수 있도록 자세한 개념 설명과 함께 복잡한 함수에 관해서도 쉽게 계산할 수 있도록 파이썬(Python) 기반의 SageMath 코드를 제공한다. 그리고 실제 인공지능 응용과 연계하여 선형회귀에서 발생하는 최소제곱문제를 경사하강법을 활용하여 풀이한 예시도 함께 소개한다. 본 연구는 대학 미적분학 뿐만 아니라 공학수학, 수치해석, 응용수학 등과 같은 고급 수학 과목을 지도하는 다양한 교수자들에게 도움이 될 수 있다.