• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 1995

Several kinds of analytic methods for genetic polymorphism in cattle, including bovine blood typing, PCR-RFLP, BoLA and microsatellite typing were described. A few respect to consider for choosing method for actual application of genetic polymorphism were emphasized. The probability of relationship between characteristics and gene concerned, repetibility and easiness of methods applied and the possibility of clarification for segregation pattern should be deliberated.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.17.1-17.9
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• 2019

Bacillus is a diverse genus consisting of more than 200 species with extensive genetic diversity. Their beneficial effects in industrial shrimp farming have been well documented. However, little is known about the biodiversity of the Bacillus spp. in this aquaculture system. Taxonomic analysis by 16S rRNA sequencing does not always allow species-level identification of Bacillus spp. In this study, 26 Bacillus isolates from two industrial Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp ponds in Bac Lieu Province, Vietnam, were analyzed for their genetic diversity by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). A total of 22 sequence types were identified and segregated into four distinct clusters, corresponding to B. subtilis, B. velezensis, B. siamensis, and B. licheniformis. Bacillus subtilis and B. velezensis accounted for more than 73% of the Bacillus isolates. Notably, the MLST scheme exhibited high discriminatory power and might be further simplified to be a convenient method to identify species of the genus Bacillus.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.248-261
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• 2021

Attributable to their major function in pathogen recognition, the use of bovine leukocyte antigens (BoLA) as disease markers in immunological traits in cattle is well established. However, limited report exists on polymorphism of the BoLA gene in zebu cattle breeds by high resolution typing methods. Thus, we used a polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) method to sequence exon 2 of the BoLA class II DRB3 gene from 100 animals (Boran, n = 13; Sheko, n = 20; Fogera, n = 16; Horro, n = 19), Hanwoo cattle (n = 18) and Bangladesh Red Chittagong zebu (n = 14). Out of the 59 detected alleles, 43 were already deposited under the Immuno Polymorphism Database for major histocompatibility complex (IPD-MHC) while 16 were unique to this study. Assessment of the level of genetic variability at the population and sequence levels with genetic distance in the breeds considered in this study showed that Zebu breeds had a gene diversity score greater than 0.752, nucleotide diversity score greater than 0.152, and mean number of pairwise differences higher than 14, being very comparable to those investigated for other cattle breeds. Regarding neutrality tests analyzed, we investigated that all the breeds except Hanwoo had an excess number of alleles and could be expected from a recent population expansion or genetic hitchhiking. Howbeit, the observed heterozygosity was not significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the expected heterozygosity. The Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) analysis revealed non-significant excess of heterozygote animals, indicative of plausible over-dominant selection. The pairwise FST values suggested a low genetic variation among all the breeds (FST = 0.056; p < 0.05), besides the rooting from the evolutionary or domestication history of the cattle. No detached clade was observed in the evolutionary divergence study of the BoLA-DRB3 gene, inferred from the phylogenetic tree based on the maximum likelihood model. The investigation herein indicated the clear differences in BoLA-DRB3 gene variability between African and Asian cattle breeds.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2018

캄필로박터 제주니 균(Campylobacter jejuni)은 세균성위장관감염증을 일으키는 수인성식품매개질환의 중요한 원인 균으로 알려져 있다. 2014년부터 2016년까지 경기지역에서 발생된 17번의 식중독에서 캄필로박터 제주니 균에 감염된 430명의 환자와 조리종사자에게서 208건의 균주를 선별하였다. 선별된 균주의 유전적 상관관계와 유전형분포를 확인하기 위하여 PFGE와 multiplex-PCR typing 방법을 사용하여 비교분석 하였다. 47개의 Penner-type으로 구분되는 캄필로박터 제주니 균의 혈청형을 multiplex-PCR typing을 이용하여 35개의 유전형으로 구분할 수 있는 것을 확인하였고 선별된 균주에서 7개의 유전형(HS2, HS4A, HS8, HS15, HS29, HS41, HS53)으로 구분되는 것을 확인하였다. 가장 많은 케이스에서 분리된 유전형은 HS2였고 7건의 식중독케이스에서 확인되었다. PFGE를 통하여 11건의 식중독에서 모두 5개의 그룹으로 분류되었고 그룹간의 유사성은 61.8에서 66.6%였다. 본 연구는 다양한 유전자 분석방법을 통하여 경기도내에서 분리된 캄필로박터 제주니 균의 유전적 다양성을 파악하고 향후 집단발생시 환자의 분리 균주 간의 상관관계 규명하며 캄필로박터 감염증의 발생 및 확산 방지에 필요한 기초자료를 마련하고자 한다.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2000

Acinetobacter baumannii strains are emerging pathogens of the nosocomial infection with an increasing frequency in recent years. The therapeutic difficulty due to the wide spread of multiple resistant strains was major problem in A. baumannii infection. It seems likely that high frequency of A. baumannii infection will be increasing epidemiological importance in the future. However, the current limited understanding of the epidemiology of A. baumannii infections is caused by lack of a rapid and practical method for the molecular characterization of A. baumannii strains. This study was undertaken to determine molecular types and genetic similarity among A. baumannii strains isolated from four hospitals by RAPD analysis. Eighty-five strains, including 40 from Chunnam University Hospital, 27 from Dankook University Hospital, 15 from Yonsei University Hospital, and 3 from Seonam University Hospital, were classified into three molecular types. Molecular type II was the most common pattern and included 72 strains. All strains from Dankook University Hospital and 40 strains from Chunnam University Hospital belonged to molecular type I or II. A. baumannii strains form Yonsei University Hospital were very distant similarity values. The range of genetic similarity values among 85 strains of A. baumannii was 0.26 to 1.00. Although phenotypes including biotype and antimicrobial resistance pattern of A. baumannii strains were same or very similar to each other, their RAPD patterns were quite different. Typing with phenotypes was found to be less reliable than molecular typing by RAPD analysis. These results suggest that RAPD analysis provides rapid and simple typing method of A. baumannii strains for epidemiological studies. This work is the first epidemiological report of A. baumannii infections in Korea and it is hoped that results of this work may contribute to a better understanding of the clinical importance and epidemiology of A. baumannii strains.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 2017년 6월부터 7월까지 국내 충남 소재 2차 의료기관의 임상검체에서 분리 된 20개 균주와 ICU환경으로부터 분리 한 4개를 포함해 총 24개의 MRSA 균주에 대한 분자유전학적 특성을 분석하기 위해 SCCmec typing과 mec complex typing을 수행하였다. 임상검체에서 분리된 MRSA 20균주의 SCCmec typing 분석 결과 SCCmec type II가 8건, type IVa가 1건, Not-typeable이 11건으로 나타났다. 의료기관 중환자실 환경에서 분리 된 MRSA 중 한 균주는 mecA 유전자를 가지고 있지 않은 것으로 확인되었으며, 나머지 세 균주는 SCCmec type II, III, IVa가 각각 한 건으로 나타났다. 임상검체와 중환자실 환경검체에서 분리된 MRSA는 SCCmec typing 결과 그 기원이 서로 다른 것으로 나타났으나, 의료기관 환경에서 분리된 1건의 경우 그 기원이 서로 일치하여 의료종사자의 손, 가운 등을 매개체로 하여 환경내의 MRSA가 환자에게 전파되었을 가능성이 있는 것으로 사료된다. 이후 추가적인 연구를 통해 좀 더 많은 수의 병원감염 관련 균주를 대상으로 추적조사를 실시 한다면 임상 현장에 감염관리와 관련한 더욱 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.151-163
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• 1996

VNTR 및 STR 분석은 유전자지문법 (DNA fingerprinting)에서 사용되는 방법으로 개체의 식별 등을 목적으로 하는 범죄수사 및 기타 유전적 분석 연구에서 많이 쓰이고 있는 유전적 분석 방법이다. 본 연구는 사상체질의 판별에 의해서 분류된 각 체질들이 유전적으로 차이가 있는지를 조사하기 위하여 각 체질인의 제놈 DNA를 대상으로 VNTR 및 STR의 분석을 실시하여서 사상체질의학의 객관화 및 그 임상활동에 관한 유용한 자료를 제공함을 목적으로 추진되었다. 본 연구에서 실시한 MCT118, YNZ22 locus를 이용한 VNTR 분석에서는 체질별로 나타난 allele의 분포 양상이 다양할 뿐만 아니라 각 체질에서 나타난 allele의 분포빈도가 체질별로 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 VNTR의 분석을 이용하여서는 사상체질의 네 가지 체질 그룹에 대한 유전적 동질성 및 그룹간 유전적 상이성을 유추해 내기가 어려운 것으로 사료되었다. 한편 allel 의 종류가 적고 따라서 그 분포 양상이 VNTR에 비해서 다양하지 않은 STR 중에서 본 연구에서는 TH01과 vWA locus에 대한 분석을 실시하였는데 그 결과 vWA locus에서는 각 allele No.의 분포 양상이 체질별로 다소 다르게 나타났다.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.161.2-161.2
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• 2003

In order to investigate the pathogenic genes and genetic relationships of Y. pseudotuberculosis, we isolated 9 strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis from about 380 spring water sites in Seoul and carried out antibiotic susceptibility test, biological test and molecular typing. All isolated strains were distributed throughout the northeast area in Seoul (Mt. Bookhan, Mt. Soorak, Mt. Boolam and etc...).Antibiotic susceptibility test revealed that all the strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, neomycin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, but were resistant to novobiocin and vancomycin. (omitted)

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2017

Fungal infections by human pathogenic fungi are increasing globally in elderly, children and immune suppressed or deficient patients. Aspergillus fumigatus is one of the well-known pathogenic fungi and causes aspergilloses in human world widely. However, current identification and classification methods based on its phenotypic characteristics still have limitations. Therefore, currently, molecular biological tools using their DNA sequences are used for genotype identification and classification. In the present study, in order to analyze genetic variations of A. fumigatus clinical isolates, a total of six housekeeping genes were amplified by PCR using specific primer pairs and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) assay. Results from phylogenetic tree analysis showed that most A. fumigatus strains (88.9%) from respiratory specimens were classified into cluster A and B, and approximately half of A. fumigatus strains (46%) from non-respiratory specimens were classified into cluster C and D. Although the sample size was limited, genetic characteristics of A. fumigatus clinical isolates according to their origins were very similar and well-correlated with other clinical data.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.250-255
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• 2018

Accurate blood typing is the crucial factor for safe and successful blood transfusion and plays a very important role in organ transplantation and genetic information of forensic medicine. Microfluidic devices have been developed to overcome the limitations of the conventional blood typing methods. In this study, we demonstrate a Lamb wave-based device for simple blood typing in a sample droplet and we propose new indices for quantitative and accurate blood typing. Using Lamb wave-induced acoustic streaming in the droplet, the blood sample and the reagent can be mixed rapidly and red blood cells start to form clumps, which is agglutination. Based on the recorded image and video, the intensity of transmitted light through the sample droplet is evaluated to determine the blood type. Effect of the concentration of suspended red blood cells was evaluated and we found that 10% concentration of suspended red blood cells was suitable to observe the difference between aggregated and non-aggregated samples. Finally, sample with blood type A could be determined using anti-A reagent in our Lamb wave-based device. Our device enables simple and accurate blood typing, which can be applied to resource-limited environments.