• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.97-107
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data to improve happiness by verifying the mediating effect of career decision in the relationship between civic consciousness, community consciousness, career decision, and happiness of middle school students. As for the analysis data, the "2020 Gen Z Teenage Values Survey" data surveyed by the Korea Youth Policy Institute was used. Among the survey subjects, 2,703 middle school students who met the purpose of this study were sampled and analyzed using the SPSS WIN 25.0 program. For the analysis method, frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and PROCESS MACRO Model Number 4 were used to verify the mediating effect, and indirect effects and significance were analyzed by applying the Bootstrap technique. The results of the study showed, first, that middle school students' sense of citizenship and community had a positive effect on happiness. Second, in the relationship between civic consciousness and happiness, career decision had a partial mediating effect. Third, in the relationship between community consciousness and happiness, career decision had a partial mediating effect. In other words, it is meaningful in that it presented policy alternatives and practical programs to improve the happiness of middle school students.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.561-566
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• 2007

Adenosine kinase (AK) is a ubiquitous intracellular enzyme, which catalyzes the phosphorylation of adenosine (ADO) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). AK inhibitors have therapeutic potential as analgesic and antiinflammatory agents. A chemical feature based pharmacophore model has been generated from known AK inhibitors (26 training set compounds) by HypoGen module implemented in CATALYST software. The top ranked hypothesis (Hypo1) contained four features of two hydrogen-bond acceptors (HBA) and two hydrophobic aromatics (Z). Hypo1 was validated by 124 test set molecules with a correlation coefficient of 0.905 between experimental and estimated activity. It was also validated by CatScramble method. Thus, the Hypo1 was exploited for searching new lead compounds over 238,819 chemical compounds in NCI database and then the selected compounds were screened based on restriction estimated activity and Lipinski's rules to evaluate their drug-like properties. Finally we could obtain 72 new lead candidates and the two best compound structures from them were posted.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.85-88
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• 2011

Podosphaera fusca (syn. Sphaerotheca fusca, S. fuliginea) is a causal agent of powdery mildew infections on Zinnia elegans, and has been documented in Korea since 1967. An outbreak involving about 1,000 plants in October 2008, in Yangpyeong, Korea, was caused by Golovinomyces cichoracearum. Further surveys of zinnia powdery mildew from 2008-2010 confirmed the widespread occurrence of Zinnia-Golovinomyces association in Korea. Chasmothecia of this fungus have not been found on Z. elegans in Korea. Analysis of internal transcribed spacer rDNA from five Korean collections confirmed the powdery mildew as G. cichoracearum. Comparison with the those from GenBank revealed 100% identity with sequences from zinnia powdery mildew, forming a monophyletic clade with 100% bootstrap support, and with those of G. cichoracearum parasitic on the hosts belonging to the tribe Heliantheae of the family Asteraceae.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1257-1261
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• 2006

Pleiomorphic adenoma gene-like1 (PLAGL1) encodes a zinc-finger (ZF) protein with seven ZFs of the C2H2-type which is a regulator of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and also regulates the secretion of insulin. In both human and mouse, PLAGL1 is a candidate gene for tumor suppressor and transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM). In this study, a 2,238 bp fragment covering the complete coding region was obtained and deposited to GenBank (accession number: DQ288899). The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) indicated that PLAGL1 was expressed almost equally in heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, small intestine, skeletal muscle, fat, uterus and ovary. Comparing the sequences of Large White and Meishan pigs, a C-T transition in exon 6 was found. The polymorphism could be detected by TaqI and was genotyped in five purebreds (Large White, Landrace, Meishan, Tongcheng and Bamei). Association analysis was performed between the polymorphism and carcass traits in 276 pigs of a "Large White${\times}$Meishan" F2 resource population. As a consequence, significant associations of the genotypes with shoulder backfat thickness (SFT) and internal fat rate (IFR) were observed. Pigs with TT genotype had low SFT and high IFR compared with TC or CC genotypes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.606-612
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• 2012

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) is one of the six members of IGFBP family, important for cell growth, apoptosis and other IGF-stimulated signaling pathways. In order to explore the significance of IGFBP-5 in cells of the Inner Mongolian Cashmere goat (Capra hircus), IGFBP-5 gene complementary DNA (cDNA) was amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from the animal's fetal fibroblasts and tissue-specific expression analysis was performed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The gene is 816 base pairs (bp) in length and includes the complete open reading frame, encoding 271 amino acids (GenBank accession number JF720883). The full cDNA nucleotide sequence has a 99% identity with sheep, 98% with cattle and 95% with human. The amino acids sequence shares identity with 99%, 99% and 99%, respectively. The bioinformatics analysis showed that IGFBP-5 has an insulin growth factor-binding protein homologues (IB) domain and a thyroglobulin type-1 (TY) domain, four protein kinase C phosphorylation sites, five casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, three prenyl group binding sites (CaaX box). The IGFBP-5 gene was expressed in all the tested tissues including testis, brain, liver, lung, mammary gland, spleen, and kidney, suggesting that IGFBP-5 plays an important role in goat cells.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.892-896
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• 2004

A genetic examination using 14 structural loci and 7 microsatellite markers was carried out among random samples of Hu sheep (Hu), Tong sheep (Tong) and Yantse River Delta White goat (YRD); The mean heterozygosity (H), mean polymorphism information contents (PIC) and mean effective numbers of alleles (Ne) calculated based on the data from the above two types of genetic markers were compared. The standard genetic distances among the three populations based on two types of gene frequencies were calculated and compared. The results show that the mean heterozygosity (H), mean polymorphism information contents (PIC) and mean effective numbers of alleles (Ne) based on 7 microsatellite markers are greater than those based on the structural loci. The standard genetic distances based on structural loci among the three populations are: 0.0268-0.2487, the standard genetic distances based on microsatellite markers are: 0.2321-1.2313. The study indicates that structural and microsatellite markers reflect the genetic variation of the three populations consistently: Tong>Hu>YRD. The differentiation between related species or interpopulations can be expressed more effectively by microsatellite markers than structural markers. Oar FCB11, MAF33, Oar AE101, Oar FCB128 and OarFCB304 can be used as representative loci for research on genetic differentiation between sheep and goat.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.758-763
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• 2012

As a member of a subclass of immunophilins, it is controversial that FKBP38 acts an upstream regulator of mTOR signaling pathway, which control the process of cell-growth, proliferation and differentiation. In order to explore the relationship between FKBP38 and mTOR in the Cashmere goat (Capra hircus) cells, a full-length cDNA was cloned (GenBank accession number JF714970) and expression pattern was analyzed. The cloned FKBP38 gene is 1,248 bp in length, containing an open reading frame (ORF) from nucleotide 13 to 1,248 which encodes 411 amino acids, and 12 nucleotides in front of the initiation codon. The full cDNA sequence shares 98% identity with cattle, 94% with horse and 90% with human. The putative amino acid sequence shows the higher homology which is 98%, 97% and 94%, correspondingly. The bioinformatics analysis showed that FKBP38 contained a FKBP_C domain, two TPR domains and a TM domain. Psite analysis suggested that the ORF encoding protein contained a leucine-zipper pattern and a Prenyl group binding site (CAAX box). Tissue-specific expression analysis was performed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and showed that the FKBP38 expression was detected in all the tested tissues and the highest level of mRNA accumulation was detected in testis, suggesting that FKBP38 plays an important role in goat cells.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.207-210
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• 2008

Trichophyton erinacei is a dermatophyte pathogen that infects both humans and hedgehogs. A two-month old female four-toed hedgehog presented to the Chonbuk Animal Medical Center with pruritus, excoriation and crust on her face for ten days. The owner of the hedgehog also exhibited the clinical signs of scaly erythema with fine vesicles on her neck. A presumptive diagnosis of dermatophytosis was made based on the results of an acetate tape preparation in which hyphae and chains of arthroconidia were observed. The crusts from the lesions were then cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar for identification. After 10 days of incubation, downy colored colonies that had a central umbo with a white granular surface and a yellow pigment ring in the reverse were observed. Microscopic analysis revealed the presence of numerous teardrop shaped microconidia singly attached to the sides of the hyphae. In addition, 2-6 roomed macroconidia that were somewhat irregular in shape and size were present, and abundant intermediate sized spores were observed between the micro and macro conidia. To confirm that the culture was T. erinacei, the internal transcribed spacer region of the 5.8S phase of the ribosomal RNA gene (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA) was amplified by PCR and then sequenced. A 679-base pair fragment of DNA was then compared with sequences in GenBank and found to be 99% homologous with sequences of T. erinacei (Z97997 and Z97996. The clinical signs were resolved after four weeks of treatment with oral and topical ketoconazole and chlorhexidine. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first case of T. erinacei isolated from a four-toed hedgehog in Korea.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 2012

Epigenetic modification including genome-wide DNA demethylation is essential for normal embryonic development. Insufficient demethylation of somatic cell genome may cause various anomalies and prenatal loss in the development of nuclear transfer embryos. Hence, the source of nuclear donor often affects later development of nuclear transfer (NT) embryos. In this study, appropriateness of porcine embryonic germ (EG) cells as karyoplasts for NT with respect to epigenetic modification was investigated. These cells follow methylation status of primordial germ cells from which they originated, so that they may contain less methylated genome than somatic cells. This may be advantageous to the development of NT embryos commonly known to be highly methylated. The rates of blastocyst development were similar among embryos from EG cell nuclear transfer (EGCNT), somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) (16/62, 25.8% vs. 56/274, 20.4% vs. 16/74, 21.6%). Genomic DNA samples from EG cells (n=3), fetal fibroblasts (n=4) and blastocysts from EGCNT (n=8), SCNT (n=14) and ICSI (n=6) were isolated and treated with sodium bisulfite. The satellite region (GenBank Z75640) that involves nine selected CpG sites was amplified by PCR, and the rates of DNA methylation in each site were measured by pyrosequencing technique. The average methylation degrees of CpG sites in EG cells, fetal fibroblasts and blastocysts from EGCNT, SCNT and ICSI were 17.9, 37.7, 4.1, 9.8 and 8.9%, respectively. The genome of porcine EG cells were less methylated than that of somatic cells (p<0.05), and DNA demethylation occurred in embryos from both EGCNT (p<0.05) and SCNT (p<0.01). Interestingly, the degree of DNA methylation in EGCNT embryos was approximately one half of SCNT (p<0.01) and ICSI (p<0.05) embryos, while SCNT and ICSI embryos contained demethylated genome with similar degrees. The present study demonstrates that porcine EG cell nuclear transfer resulted in hypomethylation of DNA in cloned embryos yet leading normal preimplantation development. Further studies are needed to investigate whether such modification affects long-term survival of cloned embryos.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1404-1410
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• 2008

This study was performed to clarify whether the variation of stress related heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) (GenBank X68213) gene was associated with the nuclear morphological change of in vitro maturation and in vitro capacitation in oocytes of pig ovaries obtained at the slaughterhouse. The nucleic acid substitution of C to G at the 483rd position was found out in HSP70 K1 (290-512) from X68213. The ovaries were categorized into CC, CG, and GG genotypes using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) (BsiHKA I). After the second in vitro maturation of immature fresh oocytes, the relation of nuclear morphological change in oocytes with the genotype of HSP70 K1 gene was such that the MII ratios of the genotype GG and CG (46.93% and 42.20%, respectively) were significantly higher than that of the CC genotype (10.71%) (p<0.05). With respect to in vitro maturation of frozen-thawed oocytes by an open pulled straw (OPS) method, the percentage of oocytes matured to MII stage of the CG genotype showed a higher trend than CC and GG genotypes. After the in vitro maturation of immature fresh oocytes and frozen-thawed oocytes by the OPS method, the relation of the pronuclei change in oocytes matured in vitro with HSP70 genotype was assessed, and the result showed that the enlarged sperm heads (ESH) of matured fresh oocytes and frozen-thawed oocytes were 80.0% and 60.0% in the CC genotype, respectively. The CC genotype group had a significantly higher rate of ESH than the CG and the GG genotype group (p<0.05). The ratios of polyspermic invasion were not different among HSP70 of the three genotypes. It was considered that the rate of in vitro maturation of fertilized oocytes was expected to differ according to genotype of the stress related gene.