• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.271-277
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• 1999

Safety evaluation of LB71350, a new HIV-1 protease inhibitor, was performed in mice, rats and dogs. For the general behavior of mice, LB71350 at an oral dose of 200 mg/kg did not show any significant effects on muscle tone and locomotor activity. In terms of central nervous system, at oral doses of 200 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, LB71350 inhibited acetic acid-induced pain response approximately 41% and 83% of control. respectively. At oral doses of 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, it reduced the rectal body temperature in rats. Pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure in mice was slightly potentiated by oral administration of LB71350 at doses ranging from 200 mg/kg to 1000 mg/Ag. Single or five day treatment of LB71350 doubled the hexobarbital- induced sleeping time in mice at oral doses ranging from 50 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg. It did not cause any effects on gastric secretion and acidity in rat at oral doses of 200 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg and also it did not change intestinal motility in mice up to 1000 mg/kg. Blood coagulation indices such as prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and thrombin time (TT) in rats were not affected by the treatment of LB71350 up to 500 mg/kg. LB71350 caused no significant effects on the cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, and mean blood pressure when infused intravenously to the anesthetized rats and dogs. Taken together, LB71350 at high oral doses caused significant pharmacological effects on the central nervous system and the hexobarbital-induced sleeping time.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.844-861
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• 2019

Over the last few years, marine environment was found to be a source of surplus natural products and microorganisms with new bioactive secondary metabolites of interest which can divulge nutritional and biological impact on the host. This study aims to assess the possible, inherent and functional probiotic properties of a novel probiotic strain Enterococcus durans F3 (E. durans F3) isolated from the gut of fresh water fish Catla catla. Parameters for evaluating and describing the probiotics described in FAD/WHO guidelines were followed. E. durans F3 demonstrated affirmative results including simulated bile, acid and gastric juice tolerance with exhibited significant bactericidal effect against pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This can be due to the enterocin produced by E. durans F3 strain, which was resolute by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gel with amplification of the anticipated fragment of a structural gene; enterocin A, followed by antibiotic susceptibility assessment. Effective antioxidant potentiality against ${\alpha}$-diphenyl-${\alpha}$-picrylhydrazyl free radicals including lipase, bile salt hydrolase activity with auto-aggregation and cell surface hydrophobicity was similarly observed. Results are proving the potentiality of E. durans F3, which can also be used as probiotic starter culture in dairy industries for manufacturing new products that imparts health benefits to the host. Finding the potent and novel probiotic strains will also satisfy the current developing market demand for probiotics.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.69-88
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• 2007

Objectives In this study, we investigated the clinical effect of Imoyongsutang and Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong on the viscosity of mucin solution, the instantly type allergy, the delayed type allergy, the carbon clearance, the pulmonary thromboembolism for the lung damaged rats and mice. Methods The gastric mucin and incubation time, pulmonary thromboembolism induced by sodium arachidonic acid, the pulmonary thromboembolism induced by ADP, vascular permeability response, non inhibitory effects, the delayed type hypersensitivity response to picryl chloride, serum $Na^+$ level, $K^+$ and $Cl^-$ level, ${\alpha}-index$ in phagocytic activity were measured. Results 1. Both the solid extracts of Imoyongsutang and Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong gave some high significance results on the gastric mucin and incubation time on the viscosity of mucin solution in rats, and both groups had similar result. 2. Both the solid extracts of Imoyongsutang and Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong were revealed feeble effect on the pulmonary thromboembolism induced by sodium arachidonic acid in mice, and both groups had similar result. 3. Both the solid extracts of Imoyongsutang and Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong were revealed feeble effect on the pulmonary thromboembolism induced by ADP in mice, and after medication, the value was increased than the before one. 4. Both the solid extracts of Imoyongsutang and Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong were recognized. significance on vascular permeability response induced by histamine in rats. And the significance of the Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong is rather higher than that of Imoyongsutang. 5. The extract of Imoyongsutang recognized no significance symptoms on vascular permeability response induced by serotonin in rats, but the solid extract of Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong resulted recognized significance. 6. Both the solid extracts of Imoyongsutang and Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong were revealed non inhibitory effects on the 48 hour homologous PCA in rats provoked by the IgE-like antibody against the egg albumin. 7. Both the solid extracts of Imoyongsutang and Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong were remarkably revealed inhibitory effect on the delayed type hypersensitivity response to picryl chloride in mice. And the significance of the latter is rather higher than that of the former. 8. The solid extract of Imoyongsutang was revealed inhibitory eects on the delayed type hypersensitivity response to SRBC in mice, but thffe solid extract of Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong recognized significance. 9. The solid extract of Imoyongsutang was recognized significance on the lung TBA value of $O_3$ intoxicated rats, but the solid extract of Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong recognized no significance. 10. Both the solid extracts of Imoyongsutang and Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong was recognized significance on serum $Na^+$ level in $O_{3}-intoxicated$ rats. And the significance of the latter is rather higher than that of the former. 11. Both the solid extracts of Imoyongsutang and Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong were revealed non inhibitory effects on serum $K^+$ and $CL^-$ level $O_{3}-intoxicated$ Rats 12. The solid extracts Imoyongsutang was recognized significance on K-index in phagocytic activity in mice, but the solid extract of Imoymgsutang plus Maduryong recognized no significance. 13. The solid extract Imoyongsutang was recognized on significance on ${\alpha}-index$ in phagocytic activity in mice. but the solid extract of Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong recognized significance. Conclusions According to the above findings, it is suggested that the sold extract of Imoyongsutang and Imoyongsutang plus Maduryong were revealed effects on asthma cough or dyspnea caused by the abnormal rising of lung-allergy and throat discomfort so that they retain effectiveness on the instantly and delayed type allergy, the pulmonary thromboembolism and the lung damages in rats and mice.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.59-64
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• 1987

저자들은 C. pylori의 분리를 위한 이상적인 배지 첨가제들 결정하기 위하여 위염환자의 위점막 생검 조직에서 분리 동정한 C. pylori 두 균주를 vancomycin 6mg/L, nalidixic acid 20mg/L 및 amphotercin 2mg/L를 함유한 GC 한천 배지, Mueller-Hinton 한천 배지 및 Tryptic soy 한천 배지에 1% 혈색소, 1% 마혈청 및 0.2% 활성 단말을 조합하여 첨가한 배지들에 접종하여 과습상태의 약호기성 대기와 이산화탄소 배양기에서 각각 배양하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. Tryptic soy 한천 배지는 GC 한천 배지나 Mueller-Hinton 한천 배지보다 C. pylori 증균 배양에 적합하지 못하였다. GC 한천 배지에 혈색소만 첨가하여도 Campy 배지와 유사한 성장결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 이산화탄소 배양기는 약호기성 대기 상태보다 C. pylori의 증균 배양에 적합하지 못하지만 GC한천 배지에 혈색소와 활성탄말을 함께 첨가하변 혐기성 단지가 없는 검사실에서도 C. pylori를 배양할 수 있다. C. pylori의 증균 배양에 이상적인 배지로는 항생제와 혈색소 및 활성탄말을 함유한 GC 한천 배지이며 배양의 대기 조건은 $37^{\circ}C$ 과습 상태의 약호기성 대기상태라고 사료된다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.497-504
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• 2000

To document that effects of hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ on full-thickness skin grafts in rat, we performed full-thickness skin grafts bilaterally on each rats. The HBO-treated rats were received HBO twice daily for 90 minutes at 2 ATA. Surgical control rats were not treated with HBO. ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ treated rats were received the agent via oral gastric tube daily for 3 days preoperative and a fourth dose 1 to 2 hours postoperative. HBO plus ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ treated rats were received HBO and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ as mentioned above. Biopsy specimens were taken from each rat at the time of grafting and on days 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28, then were processed for tissue-concentration of total glutathione(GSHt), oxidized/reduced glutathione level, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance(TBARS) levels. The percentage of viable graft on day 10 ranged from 67 to 93%, and was not significantly different among the each other groups. The percentage of viable graft were, however, higher in HBO plus ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ treated rats(78.6%) than in HBO alone treated rats(59.1%), ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ alone treated rats(66.7%) and surgical control rats(58.2%). TBARS concentration had a significant increase from preoperative concentration at day 2, and peak concentration at day 4(p<0.01). Concentration then decreased to preoperative concentration at day 28. GSHt concentration of free skin graft had a similar patteren of change in four groups and decreased significantly from preoperative concentration at day 2, returning to preoperative concentration by day 7(surgical control, HBO-treated, and ${\alpha}-tocopherol-treated$, alone) and 28(HBO plus ${\alpha}-tocopherol-treated$). Percentage of the concentration of reduced glutathione decreased in surgical control, HBO-treated and, ${\alpha}-tocopherol-treated$(p<0.05), and HBO plus ${\alpha}-tocopherol-treared$(p<0.01) on day 7 after surgery, whereas the concentration of oxidized increased significantly in HBO-treated(p<0.05), ${\alpha}-tocopherol-treated$(p<0.05), and HBO plus ${\alpha}-tocopherol-treated$(p<0.01).

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.106-114
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• 2008

김치로부터 강력한 H. pylori 생육 저해활성을 보이는 균주를 분리, 동정하여 Lb. plantarum NO1으로 명명하였다. Lb. plantarum NO1은 H. pylori 뿐만 아니라 그람 양성균 및 그람 음성균들에 넓은 범위의 저해활성을 나타내었다. Lb. plantarum NO1의 배양 상징액을 H. pylori배양액에 첨가한 후 H. pylori의 urease 활성을 측정한 결과 Lb. plantarum NO1의 강한 urease 억제활성($40{\sim}60%$ 저하)을 확인할 수 있었다. AGS위암 세포주에 H. pylori를 부착시킨 후 Lb. plantarum NO1의 배양액을 첨가하여 AGS세포에서 H. pylori 탈착능을 측정한 결과 Lb. plantarum NO1은 유산균 배양액 무첨가보다 33% 이상 높은 H. pylori 탈착능을 나타내었으며, 비교구로 사용된 Lb. rhamnosus GG, Lb. sakei SI3에 비해 더 우수한 H. pylori 탈착능을 나타내었다. 분리균주의 장내 생존성 여부 확인을 위하여 내산성, 인공위액에서 2시간동안 처리한 결과 Lb. plantarum NO1이 초기균수$(10^9CFU/ml)$를 유지하면서 높은 저항성을 나타내었다. Oxgall 농도 0.3%와 0.5%의 인공담즙에서 24시간 처리한 후에도 초기균수$(10^9CFU/ml)$를 유지하였다. 뿐만 아니라 인공위액에서 생존한 균주를 연속적으로 인공담즙으로 처리하였을 때에도 높은 생존율$(10^8{\sim}10^9CFU/ml)$를 유지하였다. Lb. plantarum NO1의 용혈성 반응 유무 결과 용혈반응이 일어나지 않았으므로 인체에 안전하다는 것을 간접적으로 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 김치로부터 분리한 H. pylori억제 유산균 Lb. plantarum NO1은 장내에 생존 가능성도 높으며, 동시에 위에서 효과적으로 H. pylori를 억제 할 수 있을 것으로 기대되어진다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.1044-1048
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• 2008

유산균인 Bp2를 3중 코팅으로 미세캡슐화 시켜 에탄올, 온도, 인공위액 및 인공담즙산에 대한 안정성을 검토하였다. 코팅된 bead의 크기는 약 $15\;{\mu}m$로 나타났으며 코팅된 Bp2의 내생포자의 온도에 대한 내성에서는 $100^{\circ}C$ 끓는 물에서 5분간 방치하였을 경우 생존률이 76%, 10분에서 70%, 15분에서 68%로 나타났으며 130oC 증기에서는 코팅처리하지 않은 Bp2는 1%의 생존율에 비해 코팅을 하였을 시 99%의 높은 생존율을 보였다. 위액 및 담즙산에 대한 안정성에서는 코팅처리하지 않은 Bp2는 42%, 41%에 비해 3중 코팅된 Bp2는 96%, 94%로 아주 높은 생존율을 보였다. 이것은 alginate, chitosan 및 HPMCP를 이용한 코팅방법은 Bp2에 대한 높은 안정성을 제공하였고 alginate의 양을 적절히 사용함으로써 Bp2의 미세캡슐화로 안정성이 증대되었다고 볼 수 있다. 또한 에탄올에 대한 생존율을 증가시킴으로써 식품첨가제로 사용할 수 있음을 나타내었다. 이 기술을 적용할 경우 3중 코팅된 생균제 Bp2는 산업적으로 확대되고 있는 pellet형 사료에도 사용할 수 있어서 그 효용성이 높다고 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 김치에서 분리한 우점유산균인 Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11352P(LPpnu)와 Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM 11353P(LMpnu)의 프로바이오틱 효과를 프로바이오틱 효과가 높기로 잘 알려진 Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG(LRgg)의 효능과 비교하여 확인하였다. 그 결과 LPpnu는 Lab. rhamnosus GG(LRgg)보다 프로바이오틱 효과가 더 뛰어났으며, LMpnu 또한 LRgg와 거의 유사한 수준의 효능을 나타냈다. LPpnu와 LMpnu는 모두 내산, 내담즙성, 장 부착능, 열 안정성의 프로바이오틱의 기본 특성을 가지고 있었으며, 특히 LPpnu는 가장 높은 프로바이오틱 효과를 나타냈다. 또한 LMpnu 및 LRgg와 비교했을 때 LPpnu는 DPPH radical과 hydroxyl radical 소거능 측정에서 더 높은 항산화능을 보였고, Bcl-2 유전자 발현억제와 Bax 유전자 발현 증가를 통해 apoptosis를 유도함으로써 HT-29 human colon cancer cell에서 높은 암세포 성장 저해 효과를 나타냈다. 이를 통해 김치유래 LPpnu와 LMpnu는 프로바이오틱으로서 이용 가능성이 충분하다고 판단되며, 특히 LPpnu는 항산화 및 항암 활성에 뛰어난 효능을 나타내었기에 중요한 프로바이오틱 균주라고 하겠다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.63-82
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• 2009

본 논문은 지렁이를 이용한 계분처리 그리고 지렁이를 이용한 계육 및 계란의 생산과 안전성에 관한 연구에 대해서 정리하였다. 1. 대구교육대학교 내 지렁이가 계분을 양질의 물질로 전환시키는 친환경 계사가 만들어졌다. 2. 높은 단백질 함량과 균형 잡힌 아미노산 및 양질의 지방산을 포함하는 지렁이 분말은 단위동물의 사료원으로 최상이다. 3. 육계의 사료 중 $0.2{\sim}0.4%$의 지렁이 분말의 첨가는 사료 중 단백질 소화율을 개선시켜서 생산성을 증가시켰다. 4. 산란계에서의 지렁이 분말 $0.2{\sim}0.6%$ 첨가는 산란성적을 개선시켰으며, 계란의 질 특히 난황중의 n-6/n-3의 균형을 개선시켰다. 5. 지렁이 분말 중에 As, Cd, Cr, Hg 및 Pb 등의 중금속이 소량 검출되었으나 이 지렁이 분말을 사료첨가제로 먹고 생산된 계육과 계란에서는 상기에 제시한 중금속이 검출되지 않았다. 그러므로 지렁이 분말을 첨가제로 생산된 계육과 계란은 중금속의 축적에서 안전하다고 할 수 있다. 5. 본 연구에서는 지렁이는 친환경 축산에도 매우 중요한 소재로 활용가능하다는 것을 시사하였다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2020

Objective : Reflux esophagitis is a disease caused by the reflux of gastric acid and inflammation due to unstable gastroesophageal sphincter. The aim of the present study was to clarify the effect of Phellodendri Cortex (PC) on chronic reflux esophagitis (CRE) in rats. Methods : The anti-oxidant activity of PC was measured by total polyphenol, total flavonoid contents, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2, 2'-azinobis-3-ethyl-enzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity. A CRE was established surgically in SD rats. And then CRE rats were treated with water or PC 200 mg/kg body weight for 14 days. Besides, the anti-oxidant and inflammatory protein levels were evaluated using western blotting. Results : PC reduced esophagus tissues injury. The total polyphenol (36.05 ± 0.25 mg/g) and total flavonoid (72.90 ± 0.61 mg/g) of PC showed a high content. PC strongly reduced radical scavenging activities (DPPH IC₅₀ 43.58 ± 1.54 ㎍/㎖; ABTS IC₅₀ 36.75 ± 0.35 ㎍/㎖). Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxynitrite (ONOO^-) levels in serum, the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) were significantly reduced. In addition, the protein expression of NADPH oxidases related to oxidative stress were significantly reduced in PC compared to CRE control. PC effectively reduced inflammatory factors including, TNF-α, and IL-6 via NF-κBp65 inactivation through the inhibition of p-IκBα and increased anti-oxidant enzyme such as HO-1, SOD, catalase, and GPx-1/2 via Nrf2 activation. Conclusions : Taken together, these results show that PC can alleviate the esophageal mucosal ulcer though the inhibition of NF-κB inflammatory and the enhancement of Nrf2 anti-oxidant pathway.