• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.65-78
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• 1997

Due to the cryptographic functional structure including the S-box, DES is not robust against differential cryptoanalysis (DC). Therefore, to increase the security against DC, we have to redesign the S-box or modify DES algorithm to decrease the probability for the N-1 round characteristics. However, it has been shown that a new design for the S-box is not secure enough. Rather, if will be more reliable to devise a modified cryptographic algorithm. In this paper, we propose a modified DES algorithm to decrease the probability of N-1 round characteristics to be robust against DC. According to our comparative study, the proposed algorithm is shown to be more robust against the DC than DES.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.353-369
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• 2020

This paper presents the flutter analysis and optimum design of axially functionally graded box beam cantilever wing section by considering various geometric and material parameters. The coupled dynamic equations of the continuous model of wing system in terms of material and cross-sectional properties are formulated based on extended Hamilton's principle. By expressing the lift and pitching moment in terms of plunge and pitch displacements, the resultant two continuous equations are simplified using Galerkin's reduced order model. The flutter velocity is predicted from the solution of resultant damped eigenvalue problem. Parametric studies are conducted to know the effects of geometric factors such as taper ratio, thickness, sweep angle as well as material volume fractions and functional grading index on the flutter velocity. A generalized surrogate model is constructed by training the radial basis function network with the parametric data. The optimized material and geometric parameters of the section are predicted by solving the constrained optimal problem using firefly metaheuristics algorithm that employs the developed surrogate model for the function evaluations. The trapezoidal hollow box beam section design with axial functional grading concept is illustrated with combination of aluminium alloy and aluminium with silicon carbide particulates. A good improvement in flutter velocity is noticed by the optimization.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.326-335
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• 2017

This study investigates what consumption values affect attitude and behavioral intentions toward a premium lunch box at a convenience store using VAB(Value-Attitude-Behavior) model. The main survey was conducted by a research company by means of an online survey in the form of a self-administered questionnaire. The samples were limited to customers who had tried the premium lunch box before. The survey was conducted in October 2016. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS 21.0 for Windows and AMOS 21.0. A structural equation model(SEM) was used to verify the proposed relationships among the study variables. Three factors representing the value of the premium lunch box were identified: social & functional value, economic value, and epistemic value. The finding showed that these values had a positive effect on attitude toward the premium lunch box and that attitude had a positive effect on behavioral intentions.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.622-633
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• 2016

Purpose. The purpose of this study was compared of left dominant and the right dominant hands about coordination. Methods. The participants were 30 occupational therapy students in M university in Changwon, from April 28th 2015 to May 1. The test tools were Jebson-Taylor Hand Function Test, Hand Strength & Pinch, Grooved Pegboard Test, Box & Block and Balance Test. Results. Right dominant hand was higher than left dominant in hand grip and dexterity, hand manipulation skills. And one leg standing and toe standing were higher left foot than right foot dominant. Conclusion. Most of all evaluation items showed a better result right dominant hand than left dominant. But shows that there is no functional difference between left-hand dominant than right-hand. So left-hand dominant coordination was evaluated by a better than right-handed.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1.1-1.7
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• 2012

Background: The F-box proteins represent one of the largest families of proteins in eukaryotes. Apart from being a component of the ubiquitin (Ub)/26 S proteasome pathways, their regulatory roles in other cellular and developmental pathways have also been reported. One interesting feature of the genes encoding the proteins of this particular family is their variable selection patterns across different lineages. This resulted in the presence of lineage specific F-box proteins across different species. Findings: In this study, 48 non-redundant F-box proteins in E. siliculosus have been identified by a homology based approach and classified into three classes based on their variable C-terminal domains. A greater number of the F-box proteins have domains similar to the ones identified in other species. On the other hand, when the proteins having unknown or no C-terminal domain (as predicted by InterProScan) were analyzed, it was found that some of them have the polyglutamine repeats. To gain evolutionary insights on the genes encoding the F-box proteins, their selection patterns were analyzed and a strong positive selection was observed which indicated the adaptation potential of the members of this family. Moreover, four lineage specific F-box genes were found in E. siliculosus with no identified homolog in any other species. Conclusions: This study describes a genome wide in silico analysis of the F-box proteins in E. siliculosus which sheds light on their evolutionary patterns. The results presented in this study provide a strong foundation to select candidate sequences for future functional analysis.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2012

It is possible to use pallet for forwarding as chinese cabbages and radishes are general large-scale trading items at the agricultural wholesale market though, however, most of these are forwarded as it have packed in net bags or in P·E bags. Thus, it is still hard for palletizing. The type of packing the product in the net bag makes it difficult for palletizing. It is not a stable shape enough and easily collapsed for pallet loading. Because of this collapsibility, the corrugated cardboard box is being used to enhance forwarding efficiency, but the existing corrugated cardboard box could be crushed easily by moist what is from the agricultural product's property and it also could be squashed by the mass of the loaded box layers on itself. In contrary, the functional waterproof corrugated cardboard box is not collapsed through palletizing and it is efficient for product management with it's ventilation function in respond to pre-cooling effect. Furthermore, because it has various functional shapes as the open type, the partition type and so on, it is effective for maintaining freshness of the product and standardizing the distribution of agricultural product. It is well-known that it is possible to introduce this box to cargo-works of agricultural product. Consequently, the recognition of main distributors about the pallet distribution of the chinese cabbage and the radish was apprehended in this study for activating mechanization of loading and unloading. The survey was conducted to the main distributors such as the forwarder, the auction dealer and the commission merchant with Garak-dong wholesale market as the center. The appropriate packing materials and problems of the existing method for loading and unloading were derived through the survey. Especially, it was focused on analyzing the difference of recognition between the subject groups for the way of using waterproof cardboard corrugated box to deal with the difficult product for packing in normal corrugated box because of the box's absorption of moist from the agricultural product like a chinese cabbage and a radish. Total In the cases of the forwarders and the commission merchants, the net was highly responded as 45%, 74% from each groups for the best packing material for mechanization of distribution and the waterproof corrugated cardboard box was responded as 20%, 22% from each groups as much preferable than multi-stage wooden box. However, for the radish, the waterproof corrugated cardboard box was the best material as 56%, and the auction trader group supported it for 80%. So, the using the waterproof corrugated cardboard box for mechanization of distribution was negative for the chinese cabbage, but it was positive for the radish. The average was 2.42, the standard deviation was 1.24. The negative response(about 55%) was prevailing more than positive response(about 23%). It could be analyzed that even there was the positive recognition for using the waterproof corrugated cardboard box for the radish though the preference for low price of net bag in the chinese cabbage forwarding procedure. Still now, it seems that is a burden for using the waterproof corrugated cardboard box with high price. In the analysis on the recognition differences about using the waterproof corrugated cardboard box for the chinese cabbages and the radish between the forwarders and the commission merchants, generally the negative recognition was prevailing, but the forwarders(2.696) were more positive for using the waterproof corrugated cardboard box than the commission merchants(2.145).

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.583-595
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• 2015

DEAD/DExH-box RNA helicases catalyze the folding and remodeling of RNA molecules in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as in many viruses. They are characterized by the presence of the helicase domain with conserved motifs that are essential for ATP binding and hydrolysis, RNA interaction, and unwinding activities. Large families of DEAD/DExH-box proteins have been described in different organisms, and their role in all molecular processes involving RNA, from transcriptional regulation to mRNA decay, have been described. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge about DEAD/DExH-box proteins in selected protozoan and nematode parasites of medical importance worldwide, such as Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma spp., Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, and Brugia malayi. We discuss the functional characterization of several proteins in an attempt to understand better the molecular mechanisms involving RNA in these pathogens. The current data also highlight that DEAD/DExH-box RNA helicases might represent feasible drug targets due to their vital role in parasite growth and development.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.103-114
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to develop learning materials for functional concept on variable and to verify the effect of how well students could learn functional concept after they studied with those materials. To accomplish the purpose of this study, I developed learning materials and after teaching students with them. I have concluded the followings : First, there was little effect in teaching functional concept on variable between two experimental groups, whereas teaching functional concept had greater effect on forming functional concept in high level groups in those two experimental groups. Second, teaching functional concept on variable had little effect on students' understanding of functional concept and perfecting tables in Black box, graph, and mathematical problems, whereas there was much effect in students' understanding functional concept and solving relation formula, image, and range problems related to everyday life or general things. On the basis of the problems which appeared in the process of this study, the following can be suggested : First, we should develop learning materials fit for low level students so that they could understand functional concept. Second, we should continue to teach the basic problems like solving relation formula, image, and range, and understanding functional concept in graph until students are able to understand them exactly. Third, since the goals of Unit Function in a middle school textbook is to solve problems related to everyday life through functional thinking, there should be change in constructing systematic contents of Unit Function in a middle school textbook.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.303-308
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• 1995

We consider a torus T, that is, a compact surface with genus 1 and $\Omega = D^2 \times S^1$ topologically with $\partial\Omega = T$, where $D^2$ is the open unit disk and $S^1$ is the unit circle. Let $\omega = (x,y)$ denote the generic point on T. For a smooth immersion $u : T \to R^3$, we define the Dirichlet functional by $$ E(u) = \frac{2}{1} \int_{T} $\mid$\nabla u$\mid$^2 d\omega $$ and the volume functional by $$ V(u) = \frac{3}{1} \int_{T} u \cdot u_x \Lambda u_y d\omege $$.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.327-340
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• 2008

This paper derives joint and conditional Lagrange multiplier tests based on information matrix for testing functional form and/or the presence of autocorrelation in a regression model. Small sample properties of these tests are assessed by Monte Carlo study and comparisons are made with LM tests based on Hessian matrix. The results show that the proposed $LM_E$ tests have the most appropriate finite sample performance.