• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제50권10호
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• pp.479-485
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• 2001

In this paper, we introduce a charge pump phase-locked loop (PLL) architecture which employs a precharge phase frequency detector (PFD) and a sequential PFD to achieve a high frequency operation and a fast acquisition. Operation frequency is increased by using the precharge PFD when the phase difference is within $-{\pi}{\sim}{\pi}$ and acquisition time is shortened by using the sequential PFD and the increased charge pump current when the phase difference is larger than ${\pm}{\pi}$. So error detection range of the proposed PLL structure is not limited to $-{\pi}{\sim}{\pi}$ and a high frequency operation and a higher speed lock-up time can be achieved. The proposed PLL was designed using 1.5 ${\mu}m$ CMOS technology with 5V supply voltage to verify the lock in process. The proposed PLL shows successful acquisition for 200 MHz input frequency. On the other hand, the conventional PLL with the sequential PFD cannot operate at up to 160MHz. Moreover, the lock-up time is drastically reduced from 7.0 ${\mu}s\;to\;2.0\;{\mu}s$ only if the loop bandwidth to input frequency ratio is regulated by the divide-by-4 counter during the acquisition process. By virtue of this dual PFDs, the proposed PLL structure can improve the trade-off between acquisition behavior and locked behavior.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권10C호
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• pp.965-975
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 향후 초고속 W-PAN(Wireless Personal Area Network)을 위한 유력한 전송 기술로서 각광받고 있는 MB-OFDM UWB(Multi-Band Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Ultra Wide Band) 시스템의 동기화를 위한 효과적인 반송파 및 샘플링 주파수 오프셋 결합 추정 기법을 제시하고 성능을 평가하였다. 이를 위해 PLCP(Physical Layer Convergence Procedure) 프리앰블 내의 채널 추정 시퀀스를 이용하고 MB-OFDM UWB 시스템 기술 규격 및 주파수 운용 방식을 고려하였으며, 반송파와 샘플링 주파수 오프셋을 결합 추정하는 방법으로서 먼저 샘플링 주파수 오프셋을 추정하고 추정된 샘플링 주파수 오프셋을 이용하여 반송파 주파수 오프셋을 추정하는 방식을 적용하였다. 또한 추정된 오프셋 값들의 신뢰도 향상을 위해 각 과정에서 가중치 기반의 주파수 오프셋 추정 기법을 사용하였다. IEEE 802.15 Task Group 3a에서 제공하는 4가지 UWB 실내 채널 모델을 이용한 모의실험 결과, 각 부채널에서의 수신 신호 평균 전력을 반영하는 제안된 간단한 형태의 가중치 기반 추정 기법의 성능이 채널의 주파수 응답을 사용하여 완벽한 채널 추정을 필요로 하는 이상적인 방법에 비해 훨씬 낮은 복잡도로 유사한 성능을 얻을 수 있음을 확인 하였다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1248-1257
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• 2017

We propose a frequency estimation algorithm of human movements using Kinect. We collect the 3D coordinates of the joints of a human body and then obtain the frequency-domain description of the movements using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). By choosing the frequency with the biggest magnitude in the selected frequencies of each of human's joint, we obtain the major beat of the human movements. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm accurately estimates the frequency of human movements. We expect that the proposed algorithm would be applied to many AR and VR applications as a preprocessing.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.331-358
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• 2023

This paper explores the impact of mobile device usage frequency in the classroom on students' perceptions of their use. To assess this, we created a survey that measured students' perceived frequency, usefulness, and convenience of using mobile devices, using a reversed Technology Acceptance Model. Through the analysis of responses from 781 Korean students, utilizing confirmatory item factor analyses and a structural equation mixture model, we found that the effect of frequent mobile device use on students' positive perceptions is non-linear. As the frequency reaches to a certain level, the effect sizes of the frequency in the positive perceptions diminishes. Additionally, students who used mobile devices less frequently in class reported higher levels of difficulties in using the devices. This study introduces a tool for evaluating multiple aspects of students' perceptions regarding mobile device use and offers a framework for understanding the relationship between usage frequency, usefulness, and convenience.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.1168-1170
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• 2000

A half bridge time sharing type high frequency resonant inverter to give VVVF function in the inverter used as power source of induction heating at high frequency is presented in this paper, this paper also realize the output control of independence irrespective of the switching frequency using Phase-Shift. The analysis of the proposed circuit is generally described by using the normalized parameters. Also, the principle of basic operation and the its characteristics are estimated by the parameters, such as switching frequency, the variation of phase angle(${\varphi}$) of Phase-Shift. It is certain that the proposed circuit will be used and expanded in the high frequency power supplies like induction heating systems.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.5-16
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• 2016

Generally, methods using transfer techniques, like the transfer matrix method and the transfer stiffness coefficient method, find natural frequencies using the sign change of frequency determinants in searching frequency region. However, these methods may omit some natural frequencies when the initial frequency interval is large. The Sylvester-transfer stiffness coefficient method ("S-TSCM") can always obtain all natural frequencies in the searching frequency region even though the initial frequency interval is large. Because the S-TSCM obtain natural frequencies using the number of natural frequencies existing under a searching frequency. In this paper, the algorithm for the free vibration analysis of axisymmetric conical shells was formulated with S-TSCM. The effectiveness of S-TSCM was verified by comparing numerical results of S-TSCM with those of other methods when analyzing free vibration in two computational models: a truncated conical shell and a complete (not truncated) conical shell.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2013

In order to find the optimum design of structures that have characteristic natural frequency range, a numerical optimization method to solving eigenvalue problems is a widely used approach. However in the most cases, it is difficult to decide the accurate thickness and shape of structures that have allowable natural frequency in design constraints. Parallel analysis algorithm involving the feasible direction optimization method and Rayleigh-Ritz eigenvalue solving method is developed. The method is implemented by using finite element method. It calculates the optimal thickness and the thickness ratio of individual elements of the 2-D plane element through a parallel algorithm method which satisfy the design constraint of natural frequency. As a result this method of optimization for natural frequency by using finite element method can determine the optimal size or its ratio of geometrically complicated shape and large scale structure.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.925-932
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• 2012

The article introduces a method to estimate a cointegrated vector autoregressive model, using mixed-frequency data, in terms of a state-space representation of the vector error correction(VECM) of the model. The method directly estimates the parameters of the model, in a state-space form of its VECM representation, using the available data in its mixed-frequency form. Then it allows one to compute in-sample smoothed estimates and out-of-sample forecasts at their high-frequency intervals using the estimated model. The method is applied to a mixed-frequency data set that consists of the quarterly real gross domestic product and three monthly coincident indicators. The result shows that the method produces accurate smoothed and forecasted estimates in comparison to a method based on single-frequency data.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제33B권2호
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• pp.47-55
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• 1996

A microwave incoherent imaging method for a conducting cyliner by using multi-frequency tiem-harmonic field is presented in this study. In this paper, an incoherent intensity pattern of th econducting cylinder is obtained by averagin gout the multi-frequency intensities of the coherent field such as the time-harmonic field scattered from this cylinder. This phenomenon is hsown numerically in scattering by a conducting circular cylinder illuminated by the time-harmonic plane wave, and is interpreted analytically by the mutual coherence functon defined as a frequency-averaged intensity of the time-harmonic fields in th frequency domain.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1088-1092
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a dual-mode frequency tripler using push-push and stacked FET structures. The proposed circuit can operate either in frequency multiplier mode or in amplifier mode. In the frequency multiplier mode, push-push frequency multiplication is achieved by allowing input signals with particular phase shifts. In the amplifier mode, the device operates as a distributed amplifier to obtain high gain. Also both modes were designed using stacked FET structure. The designed circuit showed frequency tripled output power of 9.7 dBm at 2.4 GHz with the input at 800 MHz. On the other hand, in the amplifier mode, the device showed 8.9 dB of gain to generate 19.5 dBm at 800 MHz.