• Journal of Life Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.381-386
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• 1998

This study was designed to observe the effects of the feeding Gentiana scabra Bunge var.buergeri Max. extract on the improvement of the blood glucose, lipids in the serum of streptozotcin(55mg/kg of body weight, I.P. injection) induced hyperglycemic rats (S.D. strain, ) fed the experimental diets for 4 weeks. Concentrations of blood glucose were significantly higher in the streptozotocin administration(I.P.) groups (group 2(streptozotcin+water), 3(streptozocin+Gentiana scabra Bunge extract), 4(streptozotocin+cholesterol+water), 5(streptozotocin+cholesterol+Gentiana scabra Bunge extract) than those in the control group(group 1(water)). Bolld glucose concentrations were rather lower in the group 3(streptozotocin+Gentiana scabra Bunge extract)than in the group 2(streptozotocin+water), and then those of the group 5 were rather lower than in the group 4. There was almost little significance among the groups. concentrations of total cholesterol in serum were lower in the group 5 than those in the group 4, and the group 3 were rather lower than in the group 2. Concentrations of LDL-cholesterol in serum were significantly lower in the group 3 than those 2. In the ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentrations to total cholesterol concentrations, Gentiana scabra Bunge extract administration groups were higher percentage than the other goups. Concentrations of free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester in serum were rather lower in the groups 3,5 than the other groups, and then those of the group were higher percentage than the other groups. concentrations of free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester in serum were rather lower in the groups 3,5 than the groups, and then those of the group 3 were significantly lower than in the group 4. Concentrations of triglyceride and phospholipid in serum were decreased in the group 3 than in the other groups. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in serum were increased in the all experimental groups than in the control group. From the above research, the Gentiana scabra Bunge var.buergeri Max. extracts were effective on the improvement of the lipid compositions in serum of streptozotcin induced hyperglycemic and hypercholosterolemic rats.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.824-827
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• 1990

Phenolic acids are widely distributed in all plant meterial. Most of these acids were combined with plant or grain cell wall. On the other hand, it had been reported that p-coumaric acid exhibited hypocholesterolemic activity in rats. We have undertaken a study of these compounds with regard to their effect on the rat. In this study, the effects of phenolic acid on the serum cholesterol level in rats fed with cholesterol free and cholesterol enriched diets were examined. The commercially available phenolic acid were purchased in the experiment. These compounds were incoporated in the diet at a level of 0.2%. These diets were fed for 21 days to male wistar strain rats with a body weight of 80 to 90g. It was found no significant change in serum cholesterol level in the phenolic acid fed rats in both cholesterol-free and cholesterol-enriched diet.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.265-271
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• 2005

This study was performed to observe the effects of the feeding Prunus persica Batsch var davidiana Max. extract on the improvement of the free fatty acid, creatine phosphokinase and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT) activities in the serum of dietary hypercholesterolemic rats(S. D. strain, male) fed the experimental diets for. 5 weeks. Concentration of electrolyte(Na, K, Cl) in serum were fairly reduced in the group BCP(basal diet + cholesterol + Prunus persica, $5.0\;g\%$ extract) than in the group BCW(basal diet + cholesterol + water). However, no significance was found in the effect of an electrolyte concentration among the groups. Concentrations of free fatty acid, lipid peroxide and creatine phosphokinase activity in serum were significantly higher in the cholesterol administration groups(group BCW, BCP) than those in the control group(group BW, basal diet + water). However, concentrations of free fatty acid, lipid peroxide and creatine phosphokinase activity in serum were remarkably lower in the group BCP than those in the group BCW The LCAT activity in serum was increased in the Prunus persica $5.0g\%$ extract administration group(group BCP) than in the cholesterol of diet group(group BCW). From these results, the Prunus persica Batsch var davidiana Max. extracts were found to be effective on the improvement of the lipid compositions in serum of dietary hypercholesterolemic rats.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.173-178
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• 1998

The feeding effects of Herba hottuynia extracts on the lipids profiles and the content of TAB-reactive substances were evaluated in rats fed a high cholesterol diet. Hot water or ethanol extracts of the dried leave were evaporated and lyophilized . The experimental animals wer edevided to four groups and fed the following diets for 4 weeks : BAsal (cholesterol-free diet), CHOL(cholesterol-enriched diet),CW (cholesterol plus water extract) and CE(cholesterol plus ethanol extract). Dietary cholesterol increased significantly the activities of serum GOT and GPT, but the extracts feeding (0.5% of diet) did not influence the activities induced by dietary cholesterol. Although dietary cholesterol increased significantly the concentrationof serum andliver cholesterol, it tended to decrease the concentation of serum triglycerides. CHolesterol feeding had a lowering effect on the lipid peroxidation value of serum, but not inliver.Furthermore, the extracts feeding, especially water extract, decreased markedly the liver peroxidation value. The results suggest that Houttyunia cordata extracts have an in vivo antioxidant effect, judged from the TBA value in the liver rats fed a high cholesterol diet.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 2002

Objects. There was an increase in obese population due to eating habits resulted in modernization of lifestyle and the change of the tendency to conduct the physical activity, in order words, the reduction in the range of kinetic energy. Obesity is viewed as a major risk factor for serious health problems, including heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, diabetes, and certain forms of cancer as well as for psychological and social problems owing to our fat-phobic society. In the present study, we investigate the weight loss thanks to giving Handayulso-tang(HD) medication of Taeum-in to induced obesity rats and its effects on lipid metabolism, given that their behavior patterns are changed according to their constitution. Methods: The extracts of Handayulso-tang was orally administered to the rats of HD group 200mg/200g of rats weight every day for 6 weeks, and the control group were fed with equal amount of saline. And measured the body weight and total cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid and total lipid contents in serum in obese rats. Results: 1. The body weight in HD group were decreased. 2. The contents of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride in HD group were decreased and statistically showed the significant difference compared with the control group. 3. The contents of serum free fatty acid and total lipid in HD group were decreased, but did not statistically show the significant difference compared with the control group. Conclusion: Based on the above results, we know that Handayulso-tang have effects on the decrease of the body weight and the contents of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid and total lipid So it could be concluded that Handayulso-tang can help the treatment of obesity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.455-463
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• 2004

Flavonoids contained in grapes are potent antioxidants that may protect against oxidative stress and reduce the risk of chronic diseases related with free radical damage. In this study we investigated the effect of daily grape juice supplementation on blood pressure (BP), plasma lipid profiles and the generation of free radicals in 67 healthy volunteers (29 smoker, 38 nonsmokers). The daily 480 ml of grape juice supplementation for 8 weeks resulted in a significant decrease in diastolic BP by 6.5％ in smokers and systolic and diastolic BP by 11.2 and 3.7％ in non-smokers. Plasma total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterollevels in smokers and total cholesterol in non-smokers were significantly increased after the intervention. Plasma triglycerides and conjugated dienes were not affected by grape juice supplementation. Levels of free radical determined by reading the lucigenin-perborate ROS generating sources, decreased significantly by 18％ compared to the beginning of the study. The results indicated that the consumption of grape juice may reduce BP and free radical generation in smokers, which was possibly exerted by flavonoids. Our findings suggested that the grape juice has protective effect on chronic disease due to the overproduction of free radical in smokers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1223-1229
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• 1998

This study was designed to observe the effects of feeding Houttuynia cordata juice and powder on the improvement of the lipids in the serum of dietary hypercholesterolemic rats. Experimental groups such as 5% cellulose for control group, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% H. cordata powder for group 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively, and 5%, 10%, 15% H. cordata juice for group 6, 7, 8, respectively, were admi nistered to the male rats of the Sprague Dawley for 4 weeks. Concentrations of total cholesterol in serum were significantly lower in all experimental groups than in the control group, and particularly, the lowest in group 8. The ratio of HDL cholesterol to total cholesterol was the highest in group 5. Atherosclerotic index was lower in group 5 and 8. Concentrations of free cholesterol and cholesterol ester in serum were significantly lower in all experimental groups than in the control group, and then concentrations of free cholesterol and cholesterol ester were the lowest in group 5 and 8, re spectively. Concentrations of triglyceride and phospholipid were the lowest in the group 5. Con centrations of chylomicron and VLDL were significantly lower in all experimental groups than in the control group. And the concentration was remarkably the lowest in group 5. Concentration of glucose in blood was not significantly different, but lower in the group 5 and 8. Concentrations of Ca, P, Mg, Fe were not significantly different in all experimental groups. The GOT and GPT activites were lower in all experimental groups than in the control group, especially the lowest in group 7 of GOT and group 8 of GPT. The LDH activity was the lowest in group 8.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.566-572
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• 2009

This study was designed to elucidate the quantities of milk nutrients entrapped during cholesterol removal from milk by crosslinked $\beta$-cyclodextrin ($\beta$-CD, 0.4~1.2%, w/v) and to evaluate the amounts of the residual $\beta$-CD in cholesterol-reduced milk treated by crosslinked $\beta$-CD. The content of lactose in the control milk (without treatment by crosslinked $\beta$-CD) was 4.86%, and the amounts of lactose entrapped by crosslinked $\beta$-CD ranged from 0.00 to 0.03%. The total amounts of the entrapped short-chain free fatty acid (FFA) and free amino acid (FAA) ranged from 0.03 to 0.09 ppm and from 0.28 to $0.71{\mu}mol/mL$, respectively. The amounts of the entrapped water-soluble vitamins (L-ascorbic acid, niacin, thiamine and riboflavin) ranged from 0.02 to 0.05 ppm, 0.01 to 0.06 ppm, 0.00 to 0.06 ppm and 0.01 to 0.06 ppm, respectively. The entrapped amounts of lactose, short-chain FFAs, FAAs and water-soluble vitamins were not remarkably affected by the concentrations of crosslinked $\beta$-CD (0.4~1.2%, w/v). Only very small amounts of residual $\beta$-CD in the cholesterol-removed milk were measured (1.22~3.00 ppm). Based on the data obtained from the present study, it was concluded that the amounts of entrapped nutrients were negligible during cholesterol removal from milk by crosslinked $\beta$-CD, and only trace amounts of residual $\beta$-CD were present in cholesterol-removed milk.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.596-602
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of onion and acanthopanax senticosus on body weight change, serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, total lipid, phospholipid level, renal and liver function test, and CBC in obese rats and mice. Obese rats induced by high-fat fed are medicated for 7 weeks. Rats are divided into four groups depending on the medication; normal group (general-fat fed and no-medication), control group (high-fat fed and no medication), sample A group (high-fat fed and onion 100% extracted medication), sample B group (high-fat fed and onion 50% & acanthopanax senticosus 50% extracted medication), sample C group (high-fat fed and red onion 50% & acanthopanax senticosus 50% extracted medication). After medication, obesity related index, renal and liver function test, and CBC are analysed. There are significant statistical differences among control group and all experimental groups for the body weight change. There are significant statistical differences among control groups and all experimental groups for the total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride level, free fatty acid, and phospholipid level. These results suggest that medications of onion and acanthopanax senticosus extracted products are effective for the treatment of obesity. Especially, onion 100% extracted product is more effective than the others.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.107-111
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Meristotheca papulosa on lipid concentration of serum and liver in rats fed high fat diet for 4 weeks. Experimental groups ere divided into normal group (5% corn oil), high fat diet group (5% corn oil+20% lard), high fat diet and 5% or 10% Meristotheca papulosa treated group. The weights of kidney, heart and tests were not significantly different among the group, but weight of liver was significantly decreased by supplement of Meristotheca papulosa (10%). The contents of serum total lipid, trigly-ceride, total cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesterol ester and atherogenic index were decreased, while HDL-cholesterol was increased by Meristotheca papulosa supplementation compared to high fat diet group. Meristotheca papulosa supplement has obvious effects on lowering hepatic total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol. Our findings suggest that Meristotheca papulosa supplement can improve lipid metabolism in high fat fed rats.