• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.97-100
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• 2004

The identification of the DNA structure as a double-stranded helix consting of two nucleotide chain molecules was a milestone in modern molecular biology. The DNA chip technology is based on reverse hybridization that follows the principle of complementary binding of double-stranded DNA. DNA chip can be described as the deposition of defined nucleic acid sequences, probes, on a solid substrate to form a regular array of elements that are available for hybridization to complementary nucleic acids, targets. DNA chips based on cDNA clons, oligonucleotides and genomic clons have been developed for gene expression studies, genetic variation analysis and genomic changes associated with disease including cancers and genetic diseases. DNA chips for gene expression profiling can be used for functional analysis in human eel Is and animal models, disease-related gene studies, assessment of gene therapy, assessment of genetically modified food, and research for drug discovery. DNA chips for genetic variation detection can be used for the detection of mutations or chromosomal abnormalities in cnacers, drug resistances in cancer cells or pathogenic microbes, histocompatibility analysis for transplantation, individual identification for forensic medicine, and detection and discrimination of pathogenic microbes. The DNA chip will be generalized as a useful tool in clinical diagnostics in near future. Lab-on-a chip and informatics will facilitate the development of a variety of DNA chips for diagnostic purpose.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.227-235
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• 2017

Purpose: This descriptive correlational study investigated the effects of violent experience and resilience on burnout in emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Methods: The participants were 160 EMTs working in fire stations (safety center and local center) located in U, B, and D city. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test post-hoc analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. Results: The number of EMTs getting into ambulances was significantly associated with violent experience, resilience, and burnout. Position of EMTs was significantly associated with both resilience and burnout. In the multiple regression analysis, the subscales of durability and optimism in resilience were significantly associated with burnout after controlling for confounding variables. Conclusion: This study indicated that improving durability and optimism in resilience was important to cope with experience of violence and to prevent burnout in EMTs.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.152-155
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• 2011

This paper presents a comparative analysis on step and the touch voltages generated by either a sine and a ring wave voltage generator; this analysis was done as a basic study in order to develop a small and lightweight ground meter. A ring wave generator using pulsed power technology was fabricated; an experimental grounding system specified in Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers standards 80 and 81 was installed. The step and the touch voltages, which were measured using comparable a sine and a ring waves in terms of magnitude and frequency, were equal. Using pulsed power technology, the weight of the fabricated ring wave generator could be reduced to one-fifth of that of a sine wave generator. Consequently, if a ground meter adopts the ring wave instead of a sine wave, it will be possible to reduce the weight of a ground meter and improve the efficiency of measurement.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.787-791
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• 2017

Americium-beryllium (Am-Be; n, ${\gamma}$) is a neutron emitting source used in various research fields such as chemistry, physics, geology, archaeology, medicine, and environmental monitoring, as well as in the forensic sciences. It is a mobile source of neutron activity (20 Ci), yielding a small thermal neutron flux that is water moderated. The aim of this study is to develop a model to increase the neutron thermal flux of a source such as Am-Be. This study achieved multiple advantageous results: primarily, it will help us perform neutron activation analysis. Next, it will give us the opportunity to produce radio-elements with short half-lives. Am-Be single and multisource (5 sources) experiments were performed within an irradiation facility with a paraffin moderator. The resulting models mainly increase the thermal neutron flux compared to the traditional method with water moderator.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.17-25
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• 1974

1. Neutron acivation analysis of arsenic contained in Korean human liver was studied in the view point of forensic chemistry, using 12 corpses. A sample of 1g was irradiated for 30 mins. in a neutron flux of $1.2{\times}10^{12}n/cm^2/sec$, followed by nitric-sulfuric acid digestion and then by Gutzeit separation. Radio activity was detected by it's scintillation counter. The arsenic content in the liver was found to be $0.01{\mu}g/g$ to $0.15{\mu}g/g$. 2. A rapid and convenient method for the radiochemical determination of minerals by neutron activation analysis was established. After neutron irradiation to the standard soln. of Cu and Mn in pneumatic tube (neutron flux : $1.2{\times}10^{12}n/cm^2/sec$), Cu and Mn were determined by estimating the ratio of the widths under energy peak area in ${\gamma}-ray-spectrogram$. When the standard soln. of Mn and Cu is irradiated for 15 mins. to 18 hrs., recovery test shows that the relative errors are 5.1% and 4.5% for copper and manganese, respectively.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.2 no.11
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• pp.461-470
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• 2013

This paper proposes high speed kernel data collection method for analysis of memory workload, using technique of direct access to process's memory management structure. The conventional analysis tools have a slower data collection speed and they are lack of scalability due to collection only formalized memory information. The proposed method collects kernel data much faster than the conventional methods using technique of direct collect to process's memory information, page table, page structure in the memory management structure, and it can collect data which user wanted. We collect memory management data of the running process, and analyze its memory workload.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.313-317
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• 2019

Bats influence overall ecosystem health by regulating species diversity and being a major source of zoonotic viruses. Hence, there is a need to elucidate their migration, population structure, and phylogenetic relationship. The complete mitochondrial genome is widely used for studying the genome-level characteristics and phylogenetic relationship of various animals due to its high mutation rate, simple structure, and maternal inheritance. In this study, we determined the complete mitogenome sequence of the bird-like noctule (Nyctalus aviator) by Illumina next-generation sequencing. The sequences obtained were used to reconstruct a phylogenic tree of Vespertilionidae to elucidate the phylogenetic relationship among its members. The mitogenome of N. aviator is 16,863-bp long with a typical vertebrate gene arrangement, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 1 putative control region. Overall, the nucleotide composition is as follows: 32.3% A, 24.2% C, 14.3% G, and 29.2% T, with a slight AT bias (61.5%). The base composition of the 13 PCGs is as follows: 30.3% A, 13.4% G, 31.0% T, and 25.2% C. The phylogenetic analysis, based on 13 concatenated PCG sequences, infers that N. aviator is closely related to N. noctula with a high bootstrap value (100%).

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.371-384
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• 2023

Precast roofing systems employing prestressed elements often serve as smart structural solutions for the construction of industrial buildings. The precast concrete elements usually employed are highly engineered, and often consist in thin-walled members, characterised by a complex behaviour in fire. The present study was carried out after a fire event damaged a precast industrial building made with prestressed beam and roof elements, and non-prestressed curved barrel vault elements interposed in between the spaced roof elements. As a consequence of the exposure to the fire, the main elements were found standing, although some locally damaged and distorted, and the local collapse of few curved barrel vault elements was observed in one edge row only. In order to understand and interpret the observed structural performance of the roof system under fire, a full fire safety engineering process was carried out according to the following steps: (a) realistic temperature-time curves acting on the structural elements were simulated through computational fluid dynamics, (b) temperature distribution within the concrete elements was obtained with non-linear thermal analysis in variable regime, (c) strength and deformation of the concrete elements were checked with non-linear thermal-mechanical analysis. The analysis of the results allowed to identify the causes of the local collapses occurred, attributable to the distortion caused by temperature to the elements causing loss of support in early fire stage rather than to the material strength reduction due to the progressive exposure of the elements to fire. Finally, practical hints are provided to avoid such a phenomenon to occur when designing similar structures.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.45-48
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• 2007

메신저는 인터넷을 통해 실시간으로 대화를 주고받을 수 있는 소프트웨어로서 사용률이 점차 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 메신저의 사용률이 증가함에 따라 메신저를 사이버 범죄의 하나의 도구로써 이용하는 사례가 발생하고 있다. 메신저가 사이버 범죄에 악용되는 사례가 늘어나면서 전 세계적으로 MSN Messenger, AOL Instant Messenger, ICQ와 같은 외산 메신저 소프트웨어 대한 포렌식 연구가 활발히 진행 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 국내에서 사용되고 있는 메신저에 대한 포렌식 기법 연구를 통하여 범죄 발생 당시 용의자들의 정보를 획득하고 이를 컴퓨터 범죄 수사에 활용하는 방안을 제시한다.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.465-471
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• 1999

Chloromethylated polystyrene resins supported diethylenetriamine of linear and claw types have been prepared by the reaction of diethylenetriamine with chloromethylated polystyrene. The kinetics of adsorption of transition metal ions on polystyrene resins were measured by the limited-bath technique. This paper reports the results of the diffusion coefficients, entropies of activation, and free energies of activation. The ratedetermining step of the adsorption of transition metals on the resins is a process of diffusion through the particles.