• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.739-747
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to compare the dietary habit and nutrient intakes of Korean farmers according to their different family patterns and farming types. Food and nutrient intakes were obtained by food frequency method. The subjects(male 35%, female 65% : mean age, $48{\pm}11 years)$ were compared 46% of nuclear family, 59% of 3-4 person of family size ; 50% of middle-scale farming ; 54% of rice farming. Sixteen percent were over 60 years old group. In aspects of dietary habit, farmers of medium size farming and 10-20 years of farming experience frequently skipped meals. But their appetite was better than small farm famers. Dinner irregularity was more frequent in their group of 3-4 person families. The numbers of food intake were significantly different according to family pattern. Nuclear family groups consumed more kinds of foods. The mean energy intake was 2000Kcal/day, with PFC ratio of 19 : 16 : 65. The energy and nutrient intakes showed the same tendency as the food variety. Intakes of calcium and iron were lower than the Korean RDA. Families with over 5 people consumed higher amounts of protein and minerals. Intakes of thiamin, niacin, and vitamin E were better in large families and large-scale farming groups. As compared with the PMS ratio, the level of monounsaturated fatty acids as higher than saturated FA. The lipid intake was also better in large families and large-scale farming. The results suggest that dietary habit and nutrient intakes were different by family pattern and farming types.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.284-296
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• 1994

This study was undertaken to examine the levels of serum lipids and lipoproteins of college students and the correlations between serum lipid levels and food habits. 202 college students(99 males and 103 females) were selected as subjects for this study during November, 1993. The mean height and weight were 173.2 cm, 63.7 kg for males and 159.4 cm, 50.8 kg for females, respectively. The mean serum TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG levels were 172.2, 103.4, 52.3 and 82.3 for males and 182.4, 111.6, 56.3 and 72.5 mg 161 for females, respectively. Serum lipid levels of males were significantly lower than those of females except TG. There was no significant difference In TG levels between males and females. Food habit scores of females were significantly higher than those of males. The significantly different items between males and females were numbers of daily meal intake, duration of meal intake, regular daily Intakes of cereals, fruits, vegetables and animal fat, exercise, alcohol intake and smoking. Food habit score of Items except exercise in females were higher than those of items in males. LDL-C and LPH were positively correlated with food habit score. TC and LDL-C were positively correlated with eating-out, alcohol intake, smoking but negatively correlated with numbers of daily meal intake. HDL-C was positively correlated with overeating, but negatively correlated with cholesterol intake. There was no significant correlation between TG and food habit items. Regular meal intake was positively correlated to LPH by having a negative correlation with HDL-C in males and regular daily intake of cereal was positively correlated to LPH by haying a positive correlation with LDL-C in females. There were significant correlation between food habits and anthropometric measurements. Height and weight were positively correlated with daily meal intake and exercise but negatively correlated with duration of meal intake, daily intakes of cereals, vegetables fruits and animal fat, smoking, alcohol intake. Smoking was negatively correlated with height and weight in males, over-eating was negatively correlated with height in females. Finally this study showed an interesting results that balanced intake of five basic food groups were positively correlated with weight in males but with height in females.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.475-485
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• 1996

건강식품 및 원료의 유효성분 및 위해요소 조사분석에 관한 연구의 기초조사로 건강식품에 대한 소비자의 의식조사를 실시하였으며 1차적으로 건강과 식습관에 관한 소비자 의식구조에 대하여 분석하였다. 설문지를 이용하여 서울, 경기 지역에 거주하는 방문 및 협조가 가능한 20세 이상의 일반 소비자 1000명을 대상으로 1995년 10월부터 96년 2월에 걸쳐 직접 방문하고 설문지를 배부하여 설명한 후 조사 대상자가 직접 기입하게 하는 방법으로 조사하였다. 882부를 회수(회수율 88%)하였으나 이중 불완전한 응답 23부를 제외한 859부(유효회수율 86%)를 SAS프로그램을 이용하여 통계 처리하였다. 조사 대상자의 사회경제적 여건에 대하여는 단순빈도와 백분율을 구하였고 교차표를 이용하여 결혼 여부, 월수입, 교육정도 등의 사회경제적 여건과의 통계적 연관성을 파악하였다. 조사결과 건강유지를 위해 가장 중요하게 고려하는 사항으로는 식습관(39.8%)이라고 답하였으며 93.9%가 식습관에 의해 질병에 걸릴 수 있다고, 97.1%가 식습관에 의해 질병이 치료될 수 있다고 믿고 있어 건강과 식습관이 매우 밀접한 관계가 있음을 인식하고 있었다. 가장 염려되는 질병으로는 암(30.6%), 성인병(14.1%), 사고에 의한 질병(12.6%), 비만(10%) 순이였고 식습관에 의해 발병할 수 있다고 믿는 질병의 종류에는 당뇨병(35.6%), 비만증(22.4%), 고혈압(12.8%), 변비(12.7%), 암(7.9%) 순이였으며 식습관에 의해 치료할 수 있다고 믿는 질병의 종류에는 당뇨병(40.1%), 비만증(25.9%), 변비(16.5%), 고혈압(7.4%), 암(3.3%) 순으로 나타나 당뇨병과 비만증은 식습관과 매우 밀접하다고 인식하고 있는 반면 가장 염려되는 암에 대해서는 큰 기대를 하고 있지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.424-434
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• 2002

Food habit, eating-out pattern, smoking and drinking habits of 814 elderly (aged over 60) living in Incheon were surveyed by questionnaire. The ratio of the elderly who have balanced meals at moderate amount was slightly higher in urban area. Urban elderly tended to have mild foods, while rural elderly preferred hot and salty foods. Score for food habit was higher in urban elderly and there was no difference between male and female elderly. Most urban elderly had their meal at the public facilities for elderly, while most rural elderly used general restaurant and public room for elderly. Korean foods were the most favorite menu when ate out. Ratio of elderly who have difficulties in chewing was 21.2 and 39.6% for urban and rural elderly, respectively. Many elderly, especially more than 70% of female elderly, prepared the meals for themselves. Rural elderly smoked and drank more than urban elderly and male elderly did more than female elderly.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.86-94
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• 1988

In view of the national health, the health of women during their childbearing age is Important. This survey was conducted for the purpose of pratice of nutrition education the dietary intakes, and the means of daily food intakes was investigated by food habit for 100 students and two day records of 75 women students of Junior on Dept. of Food and Nutrition in a college in November 1987. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1) Average food habit score was only 4.67 out of possible 10.0 points. And 41% of the subjects belonged "poor food habit" group. 2) Their diets were found to be lacking in total amount of food intake (915$\pm$74gm)and in such foods as cereals, potatoes, green and yellow vegetables, oils and fats. But animal food Intakes were sufficient in such foods as fishes, meats and eggs. The percentage of animal protein to total protein was 43.8% in subjects. 3) The average calorie intake(1535$\pm$ 512kcal) was insufficient against R.0.A.(2000kcal), the other lacking nutrients were protein, Fats and oils, Ca, these percentages of R.D.A. were 98.2%, 64.0% and 89.6%. They showed that each person was depended upon more the chief meals than side dishes in intakes of energy.of energy.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2005

For the life quality improvement of rural elderly family placed in risk of frail, this study was investigated. Health habit, food habit, and dietary management were analyzed between elderly and middle aged family The subjects 1870 collected in 9 provinces 88 cities or guns by sampling with probability proportional to size(PPS). Questionnaire method was used. Survey was conducted by trained interviewers. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS(version 8.1). Chi-square tests and General Linear Models were used. The elderly families' characters were odd pair$(42.0\%)$, with patients$(17.6\%)$ and health examination per 1 or 2 years$(44.0\%)$. The elderly families' health habit: high of no-drink$(55.2\%)$ and low of smoke$(31.3\%)$ situation was better than those of middle aged families'. The states of diets of elderly family: having breakfast$(94.1\%)$ but 1-2 kinds$(17.7\%)$ or 3-4 kinds$(59.4\%)$ of side dishes allowed to guess lower status of food intake balance. Nutritional supplements$(27.5\%)$with tablets of vitamins$(63.5\%)$ were the most frequent states in elderly family. The aspects of dietary habit of elderly family: no instant foods$(72.6\%)$, no snack$(3.08\%)$ and no dine-out$(67.7\%)$ were significantly different with those of middle aged family. Dietary habit score(8.28/12 points) of elderly family was not significantly different with 8.22/12 points of middle aged family. Food purchase place of elderly family was mainly at traditional market$(43.6\%)$, but it was significantly different with super-market$(47.6\%)$ of middle aged family. In elderly family, traditional dish preparation was seldom$(49.8\%)$ except winter kimchi$(91.5\%)$, but significantly higher rate of in middle aged families' traditional dish preparation and winter kimchi$(94.5\%)$. From these results, more of snack, traditional dishes and dine-out were needed to improve quality of life for rural elderly.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.418-427
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• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the relationships among personality preferences, dietary habit and nutrient intake of University students (n=283). Mean dietary habit score was similar between sexes and was 46.1/100 in male students and 45.1/100 in female students. Average energy intake of male students was 2,019 kcal (80.8% of RDA) and that of female students was 1,675 kcal (83.7%). Male students were taking less than 90% of RDA in calcium and vitamin $B_2$ and female students were taking less than 90% of RDA in calcium, iron, vitamin C, and vitamin A. Students preferring Judgment had significantly higher dietary habit score than students preferring Perception. Extraversion had higher nutrient intake than Introversion both in male and female students. Male students preferring Feeling had also higher nutrient intake than students preferring Thinking. Nutrient density per 1,000 kcal was higher in Thinking and Judgment than Feeling and Perception. In conclusion, students preferring Judgment and Extraversion have better dietary habit and nutrient intake than those preferring Perception and Introversion. More studies are necessary between personality preferences and dietary behavior to contribute to effective nutrition education and counseling.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.623-632
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• 2005

This study was intended to collect the baseline information on dietary behavior of adults to develop nutrition education program in the context of healthy weights at community level. Nutrient intakes of 128 housewives were assessed by 24 hour recall method. Also food habits, nutrition knowledge and attitude were investigated by self-administered questionnaires. Subjects were divided to under-weight, normal-weight, over-weight groups by body mass index (BMI). Most under-weight groups evaluated as their current body images were normal. $41\%$ of normal-weight groups judged as their current body images were obese. Energy and fat intakes of over-weight group were significantly higher than that of under-weight and normal weight groups (p<0.05). However, carbohydrate and protein intakes showed no significant differences among the three groups. It appeared that active attitude toward change in nutrition attitude of normal weight group was significantly higher than that of under-weight group (p<0.05). There were no significant differences of food habit score, nutrition knowledge, and obesity habit scores among the three groups. The frequency of eating-out showed significant difference among three groups (p<0.05). Food habit scores were positively related to health-concerned attitude (r=0.174), convenience-concerned attitude (r=0.229) and food enjoyed attitude (0.213) and negatively related to obesity habit score (r=-0.206). Also, positive correlation of body fat mass with frequency of eatingout (r=0.213), instant food (r=0.227) and amount of meal (r=0.187) existed (p<0.05). We concluded that nutrition education programs for housewives should include specific strategies to modify unsound food behaviors and inappropriate perception of body image for a healthy weight.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.847-856
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• 2012

Rhinitis and sinusitis are among the most common medical conditions in Korea, as well as Western societies. Environmental factors may influence both rhinitis and sinusitis; however, the role of dietary factors in rhinitis and sinusitis is not clear. The present study aims to compare the dietary habit, food consumption frequency, and food preference of elementary school students with or without rhinitis and sinusitis. The demand of their parents for an education program for the dietary prevention against rhinitis and sinusitis was also examined. The survey was conducted with a total of 200 subjects recruited from two elementary schools located in Gyeonggi area of Korea. The subjects consisted of 101 students with rhinitis and/or sinusitis (RS group) and 99 without rhinitis and sinusitis (control group). The students of the RS group were more likely to have habits of eating-out and street food use, to consume bean, peanut, walnut, almond, yogurt, egg, snack, and French fries frequently, and to prefer the types of foods prepared by stir-frying and deep-frying than the control group. The parents who recognized 'school nutrition teachers or food/nutrition-majored specialists' as the most appropriate educator for the dietary education program in the RS group (48.5% of their parents) were less than those in the control group (67.7% of their parents). The present study suggest that students with rhinitis and/or sinusitis may be different from those without the disease(s) in their dietary habit, frequently consumed foods, and preferred type of foods. More epidemiological, intervention, and laboratory studies are needed in order to elucidate the role of dietary factors in the development and prevention of rhinitis and sinusitis, which will have a significant implication to public health.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.342-350
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• 2010

This study investigates differences in middle school male students' anthropometric variables and dietary habits using BMI (Body Mass Index) classifications. $\chi^2$ -test for frequency and ANOVA test for mean value and duncan value were used to analyze results. Averaged results of three groups of middle school male students' anthropometry including height (normal group 164.4 cm, overweight group 165.0 cm, obese group 167.0 cm), weight (normal group 56.0 kg, overweight group 70.0 kg, obese group 83.2 kg) and waist circumference (normal group 20.7 cm, overweight group 79.8 cm, overweight group 89.6 cm) were resulted. Classification of obese group was based upon 2007 growth charts using BMI criteria. This study indicates the normal weight group boys have over-eating related dietary habits and the obese groups have less calorie dietary habits. They answered oppositely to normal recognition. The obese group reflected dietary problems, such as preferences for sweet fruit rather than normal group males. Dinnertime of the groups were significantly different and obese group's earlier dinnertime can influence on their late night snack eating. Forty precent of obese male group like fruits as late night eating food. Three meal amount of three groups were significantly different, as obese group answered they ate same amount at every meal. It can mean obese group ate more amount of food in every meal. Overweight and obese male students have dietary problem of fast eating and answers of unbalanced eating were higher in normal group. These could mean obese group eats well in every food and fast eating habit could lead a lot of food eating habit. Obese group chooses out-going food of less calorie and frequency of fast food eating was lower than normal group. In result, obese group answered that they have less calorie related dietary habits, it could mean their answers were false or fixed dietary habit. Therefore, more researches should be followed.