• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.81-94
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• 2005

With an analysis of recent, nationwide data, this study figured out the level of consumers' pro-environmental behavior and investigated tile behavioral determinants in the hight of purchase, use, and disposal of pro-environmental goods. The major results are as below: Married consumers or consumers in their 40s were more likely to purchase pro-environmental goods. Consumers with high income-for example, over 3 million won per month-were less likely to purchase such goods. Married women or 40s/50s consumers tended not to buy used goods. Males than females, non-married than married, employed than unemployed had a higher pro-environmental behavior in the use stage. Furthermore, in the disposal stage, male than female, married than non-married, young than old, and consumers with low income than high income showed more active pro-environmental behavior. The purchasing behavior of pro-environmental goods was supported by both perspectives of rational behavior and social behavior. On tile other hand, the purchasing behavior of used goods was supported only by rational behavior perspective. It is also revealed that personal value perspective, along with the above two, influences the pro-environmental behavior in the stage of use and disposal. Overall, a high level of pro-environmental behavior was detected in such consumers as rational, public rule-abiding in favor of environmental policy, and also in consumers with strong family values or those with less materialistic value.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.4 s.82
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• pp.93-101
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• 2006

This study explored the differences in fathers' involvement in child-rearing according to various family socio-demographic variables (fathers education level, income, mothers employment, preschooler's sex and age) and preschoolers' temperaments and examined the relationship between fathers' involvement in child-rearing and these independent variables (as well as preschooler's temperament). The subjects of the study were 227 fathers whose children were preschoolers between the ages of 3 and 5 attending daycare centers in Keoungbok province, South Korea. Statistical analysis was conducted with the following techniques: two-way ANOVA, interaction effect, Scheffe' test, Pearson's correlation partial correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression (using SPSS 12.0). Results of the study may be summarized as follows. (1) There was a significant difference in fathers' child-rearing involvement according to the fathers' education level, income, and preschoolers' temperaments. (2) There was a significant interaction effect of mothers' employment and preschoolers' temperaments on fathers' child-rearing involvement. (3) Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that fathers' education mediated the relationship between income and fathers' involvement in child-rearing, and fathers' education and preschoolers' temperaments was also found to have predictive power over fathers' child-rearing involvement.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.3219-3221
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• 2013

Background: This study used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to screen Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) skin melanoma data to identify and quantify the effects of socioeconomic factors on cause specific survival. Methods: 'SEER cause-specific death classification' used as the outcome variable. The area under the ROC curve was to select best pretreatment predictors for further multivariate analysis with socioeconomic factors. Race and other socioeconomic factors including rural-urban residence, county level % college graduate and county level family income were used as predictors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify and quantify the independent socioeconomic predictors. Results: This study included 49,999 parients. The mean follow up time (SD) was 59.4 (17.1) months. SEER staging (ROC area of 0.08) was the most predictive foctor. Race, lower county family income, rural residence, and lower county education attainment were significant univariates, but rural residence was not significant under multivariate analysis. Living in poor neighborhoods was associated with a 2-4% disadvantage in actuarial cause specific survival. Conclusions: Racial and socioeconomic factors have a significant impact on the survival of melanoma patients. This generates the hypothesis that ensuring access to cancer care may eliminate these outcome disparities.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.71-84
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• 1996

The purposes of this study were to classify the family types based on the intra system dynamics and to examine sociodemographic backgrounds and the life satisfaction of these families. The data were collected by means of questionnaire distributed to a stratified sample of 544 housewives in Seoul who lived with housbands and children. The questionnaire included FACES II and III Communication Scale managerial behavior scale and life satisfaction Scale. Frequency percentile mean correlation factor analysis cluster analysis one-way ANOVA with scheffe test and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. This study had resulted in four major findings. The first was that highly positive relationships were found among four intra system dynamics elements. The first was that highly positive relationships were found among four intra system dynamics elements. The second finding was that families were clustered by four types named personal-oriented enervated dynamic and managerial-orien ed family. The third finding was that the four types of family were influenced by education level and job of husbands and family income. The last one was that the differences in life satisfaction were found among four types of family. The housewives of dynamic family type showed the highest level of satisfaction whereas the lowest level of life satisfaction was found among housewives of enervated family type. The recommendations for future esearch and better ways to educate and counsel families were suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.177-191
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• 1992

This study investigated how different relationships the family has with its social networks by social class. Among research families' primary social networks, the wife's relatives are the most, the neighbor the second, the husband's relative the third, and the church (or other religious groups) the fourth. Social class does not make any difference in what social network is the family's primary social network. When the husband or the wife participates in a social network, he or she tends to participate alone without his or her spouse. When the husband's educational level is high, the wife tends to participate in her alumni association alone. When the husband is in a professional or a white-collar occupation, he is likely to socialize with his work associates alone. On the contrary, when the family income gets high, the husband tends to bring his wife to his alumni association. When looking for a job, most husbands and wives do not resort to a social network for help. Lower-class people are more likely to obtain jobs through their social networks compared to higher-class people. That is, the lower one's educational levle, one's occupational status, or the family income is, the more likely one gets help from some social networks in searching jobs.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2717-2720
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• 2012

Background: The rates of breast cancer have increased over the past two decades, and this raises concern about physical, psychological and social well-being of women with breast cancer. Further, few women really want to do breast cancer screening. We here investigated the socio-demographic correlates of mammography participation among 400 asymptomatic Iranian women aged between 35 and 69. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the four outpatient clinics of general hospitals in Tehran during the period from July through October, 2009. Bi-variate analyses and multi-variate binary logistic regression were employed to find the socio-demographic predictors of mammography utilization among participants. Results: The rate of mammography participation was 21.5% and relatively high because of access to general hospital services. More women who had undergone mammography were graduates from university or college, had full-time or part-time employment, were insured whether public or private, reported a positive family history of breast cancer, and were in the middle income level (all P<0.01).The largest number of participating women was in the age range of 41 to 50 years. The results of multivariate logistic regression further showed that education (95%CI: 0.131-0.622), monthly income (95%CI: 0.038-0.945), and family history of breast cancer (95%CI: 1.97-9.28) were significantly associated (all P<0.05) with mammography participation. Conclusions: The most important issue for a successful screening program is participation. Using a random sample, this study found that the potential predictor variables of mammography participation included a higher education level, a middle income level, and a positive family history of breast cancer for Iranian women, after adjusting for all other demographic variables in the model.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.117-134
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between young housewives’economy consciousness and economy behavior. The data used in this study were taken from 429 housewives between 20's and 35's who have at least one child with their spouse in Seoul The results of this study were as follows : First, the general trend of the economy consciousness and behavior in living resources was that the level of consciousness is more higher than the level of behavior. Second, the degree of employed wives' economy behavior was more passive than that of house wives’behavior. Third, housewives’economy consciousness and behavior showed a significant difference in their education level, family income and number of children. Fourth, from the Regression Analysis, the Model was accounting for 45% of the variance. Influential variables on housewives’economy consciousness and behavior were self esteem, the inside and outside control, perception of the adequacy of resources. Fifth, out of sub- variables about housewives’economy consciousness and behavior, energy resources was relatively at the high level.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.145-160
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• 1998

The purposes of this research were to find out general trends of family value orientations among adolescent, middle and old generation and to investigate the differences according to related variables. For this study, three kinds of questionnaire were used and the data were obtained through 1194 samples of three generation groups living in Seoul and Kwangju. The traditional trends of old generation's value orientations were outstanding while adolescents relatively showed modernized value orientations. The value differences between adolescent and middle generation were larger than between middle and old generation. Especially value orientations of children and sex-role were largely changed, but familism was relatively preserved even in adolescent generation. The family value orientations differed significantly according to gender, age, eduaction level, income, occupation, and family type. Generally middle and adolescent women showed more modernized value orientatons than men and value orientations of three generation were most likely to be correlated with family satisfaction level.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.97-128
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• 2013

This paper analyzes the changing factors of income inequality by approaches to income sources focusing on the effect of husband-wife labor income relation and employment ratio change on income inequality. The level of contribution of income source to income inequality showed that the inequality of labor income between husband and wife(especially the husband's income) takes great importance. Also, the covariance of labor income of husband and wife showed growing trend and changed toward the same direction. As a result of the decomposition of the labor income covariance, it was found that the change in husband-wife employment ratio explained the covariance change better than the change in labor income inequality.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.45-57
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• 2003

This study analyzed the differences in household debt characteristics by wealth levels. The dataset used was the 2000 National Survey of Family Income and Expenditure. The major findings of this study were as follows; First, about 49% of sample owned some amounts of debt. Household in high wealth levels had lowest debt burden while households in low wealth level had highest debt burden. Second, the amounts of debt owed to financial agents were highest regardless of wealth levels. Third, all groups borrowed money for the purpose of purchasing real estate.