• 제목/요약/키워드: failure scenarios

검색결과 167건 처리시간 0.023초

Reliability-based assessment of steel bridge deck using a mesh-insensitive structural stress method

  • Ye, X.W.;Yi, Ting-Hua;Wen, C.;Su, Y.H.
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.367-382
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    • 2015
  • This paper aims to conduct the reliability-based assessment of the welded joint in the orthotropic steel bridge deck by use of a mesh-insensitive structural stress (MISS) method, which is an effective numerical procedure to determine the reliable stress distribution adjacent to the weld toe. Both the solid element model and the shell element model are first established to investigate the sensitivity of the element size and the element type in calculating the structural stress under different loading scenarios. In order to achieve realistic condition assessment of the welded joint, the probabilistic approach based on the structural reliability theory is adopted to derive the reliability index and the failure probability by taking into account the uncertainties inherent in the material properties and load conditions. The limit state function is formulated in terms of the structural resistance of the material and the load effect which is described by the structural stress obtained by the MISS method. The reliability index is computed by use of the first-order reliability method (FORM), and compared with a target reliability index to facilitate the safety assessment. The results achieved from this study reveal that the calculation of the structural stress using the MISS method is insensitive to the element size and the element type, and the obtained structural stress results serve as a reliable basis for structural reliability analysis.

An Integrated On-Line Diagnostic System for the NORS Process of Maiden Reactor Project: The Design Concept and Lessons Learned

  • Kim, Inn-Seock
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제32권3호
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    • pp.261-273
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    • 2000
  • During an extensive review made as part of the Integrated Diagnosis System project of the Maiden Reactor Project, MOAS (Maryland Operator Advisory System) was identified as one of the most thorough systems developed thus far. MOAS is an integrated on-line diagnosis system that encompasses diverse functional aspects that are required for an effective process disturbance management: (1) intelligent process monitoring and alarming, (2) on-line sensor data validation and sensor failure diagnosis, (3) on-line hardware (besides sensors) failure diagnosis, and (4) real-time corrective measure synthesis. The MOAS methodology was used at the Maiden Man-Machine Laboratory HAMMLAB of the OECD Maiden Reactor Project. The performance of MOAS, developed in G2 real-time expert system shell for the high-pressure preheaters of the NORS process in the HAMMLAB, was tested against a variety of transient scenarios, including failures of the control valves and sensors, and tube leakage of the preheaters. These tests showed that MOAS successfully carried out its intended functions, i.e., quickly recognizing an occurring disturbance, correctly diagnosing its cause, and presenting advice on its control to the operator. The lessons learned and insights gained during the implementation and performance tests also are discussed.

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Optimal Ordering Policy in Dual-Sourcing Supply Chain Considering Supply Disruptions and Demand Information

  • Watanabe, Naoki;Kusukawa, Etsuko
    • Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.129-158
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    • 2015
  • It is necessary for retailers to determine the optimal ordering policy of products considering supply disruptions due to a natural disaster and a production process failure as quality and machine breakdowns. Under the situation, a dualsourcing supply chain (DSSC) is one of effective SC for retailers to order products reliably. This paper proposes the optimal ordering policy of a product in a DSSC with a retailer and two manufacturers. Two manufacturers may face supply disruptions due to a natural disater and a production process failure after they received the retailer's order of products. Here, two scenarios of demand information of products are assumed: (i) the demand distribution is known (ii) mean and variance of the demand are known. Under above situations, two types of DSSC are discussed. Under a decentralized DSSC (DSC), a retailer determines the optimal ordering policy to maximize his/her total expected profit. Under the integrated DSSC (ISC), the optimal ordering policy is determined to maximize the whole system's total expected profit. Numerical analysis investigates how demand information and supply disruptions affect the optimal decisions under DSC and ISC. Besides, profitability of supply chain coordination adjusting the wholesale price is evaluated to encourage the optimal decision under ISC.

Component deformation-based seismic design method for RC structure and engineering application

  • Han, Xiaolei;Huang, Difang;Ji, Jing;Lin, Jinyue
    • Earthquakes and Structures
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    • 제16권5호
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    • pp.575-588
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    • 2019
  • Seismic design method based on bearing capacity has been widely adopted in building codes around the world, however, damage and collapse state of structure under strong earthquake can not be reflected accurately. This paper aims to present a deformation-based seismic design method based on the research of RC component deformation index limit, which combines with the feature of Chinese building codes. In the proposed method, building performance is divided into five levels and components are classified into three types according to their importance. Five specific design approaches, namely, "Elastic Design", "Unyielding Design", "Limit Design", "Minimum Section Design" and "Deformation Assessment", are defined and used in different scenarios to prove whether the seismic performance objectives are attained. For the components which exhibit ductile failure, deformation of components under strong earthquake are obtained quantitatively in order to identify the damage state of the components. For the components which present brittle shear failure, their performance is guaranteed by bearing capacity. As a case study, seismic design of an extremely irregular twin-tower high rise building was carried out according to the proposed method. The results evidenced that the damage and anti-collapse ability of structure were estimated and controlled by both deformation and bearing capacity.

Neutronics analysis of a 200 kWe space nuclear reactor with an integrated honeycomb core design

  • Chao Chen;Huaping Mei;Meisheng He;Taosheng Li
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제54권12호
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    • pp.4743-4750
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    • 2022
  • Heat pipe cooled nuclear reactor has been a very attractive technical solution to provide the power for deep space applications. In this paper, a 200 kWe space nuclear reactor power design has been proposed based on the combination of an integrated UN ceramic fuel, a heat pipe cooling system and the Stirling power generators. Neutronics and thermal analysis have been performed on the space nuclear reactor. It was found that the entire reactor core has at least 3.9 $ subcritical even under the worst-case submersion accident superimposed a single safety drum failure, and results from fuel temperature coefficient, neutron spectrum and power distribution analysis also showed that this reactor design satisfies the neutronics requirements. Thermal analysis showed that the power in the core can be successfully removed both in normal operation or under one or more heat pipes failure scenarios.

유한요소해석 기반 휨 및 전단 파괴형 철근콘크리트 기둥의 폭발 성능평가 (Blast Performance Evaluation based on Finite Element Analysis for Reinforced Concrete Columns with Shear and Flexure Failure Modes)

  • 김예은;;이기학;신지욱
    • 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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    • 제36권5호
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    • pp.307-314
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    • 2023
  • 본 논문에서는 유한요소해석 프로그램을 통해 파괴 거동 유형별 철근콘크리트 기둥 및 폭발 하중을 모델링하였으며, 실제 실험과의 동적 응답을 비교하여 모델의 적합성을 입증하였다. 개발한 모델을 이용하여 폭발 하중에 대한 부재의 동적 응답을 확인하기 위해 폭발 하중 시나리오를 설정하였으며 해당 시나리오별 폭발 하중에 대한 시간에 따른 변위 및 응력 결과를 도출하였다. 동적 응답을 통해 폭발 하중에 대한 기둥의 성능평가(Ductility, Residual)를 수행하였으며 이를 비교 및 분석하였다.

기술벤처의 실패요인 분석: 연구소 창업기업 사례를 중심으로 (The Analysis of Failure Causes on Technology Venture: A Start-up case of the Government Research Institute(GRI))

  • 권기환;최종인
    • 벤처창업연구
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    • 제10권4호
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    • pp.27-37
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    • 2015
  • 창업이 장려되고 있지만, 창업자에게는 항상 큰 걱정거리로 작용되는데 이는 높은 실패가능성 때문이다. 중소벤처기업 창업이 국가의 새로운 원동력을 창출하는 방법이라는데 동의하지만 실패로 인한 사회적, 경제적 비용은 엄청나며, 창업자 개인이 느끼게 될 좌절감은 말 할 수 없는 충격일 것이다. 다양한 창업관련 교육과 연구가 이루어지고 있지만, 실패에 대한 경각심을 주는 교육과 연구는 거의 없다. 좀 더 다양한 실패사례에 대한 연구가 필요하며, 실패사례는 창업자와 예비창업자들에게 실패에 대한 경각심을 심어주며, 사전준비를 철저히 하게 할 뿐만 아니라 기업의 위기 상황에 대한 시나리오로써 가치가 있을 것이다. 이에 본 연구는 대덕연구단지내에서 약 10년간 활동한 중소벤처기업의 사례를 통해 실패요인 도출 및 시사점을 구하고자 한다. 연구결과, 기업가 특성(의사소통 능력 부족, 경영에 대한 지식 부족)과 경영관리(업무 전문성 부족), 그리고 기술(제품의 독특성 상실, 제품의 확장성 부족)이 실패요인의 근원인 것으로 나타났다.

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주변 사업장의 화학물질 확산 감지와 대응을 위한 경계면의 센서배치 최적화 및 강건성 분석 (Optimal Sensor Placement of Boundaries and Robustness Analysis for Chemical Release Detection and Response of Near Plant)

  • 조재훈;김현승;김태옥;신동일
    • 한국가스학회지
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    • 제20권5호
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    • pp.104-111
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    • 2016
  • 최근 화학물질을 사용하는 시설이 증가하면서 동시에 시설의 노후화, 기계적 결함, 인적오류 등으로 화학물질 누출사고 피해가 많아지고 있다. 특히, 산업단지는 군집 특성으로 인해 화학물질 누출사고 발생 시 인근 사업장으로 확산되어 큰 피해로 이어질 가능성이 크다. 이에 따라 화학물질을 취급하는 공정의 누출조건, 환경조건을 반영한 다양한 누출 시나리오를 토대로 빠른 감지와 대응을 위해 경계면의 센서배치 방안을 제시할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 염소가스가 누출되는 경우에 대해 COMSOL를 사용하여 주요 매개변수의 적용으로 실질적인 사고 시나리오를 해석하였다. 그리고 사고 시나리오를 바탕으로, 센서의 감지 확률과 감지시간 등 각 항목마다 중요도를 부여하여 최적 위치가 산출되도록 목적함수를 선정하였다. 또한 예상치 못한 지역의 누출사고에 대해 최적화된 센서배치의 강건성 분석을 통해 본 방안의 타당성을 높였다. 결과적으로, 기존 방식보다 효과적으로 경계면의 센서배치 최적화 방법의 적용 가능성을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과로 부터 이동식 센서의 배치방법과 농도 데이터를 기반으로, 누출원의 역추적에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

제동 액츄에이터 손상을 고려한 2차 충돌 예방에 관한 연구 (A Study on Prevention of Secondary Collision considering Failure of Brake Actuator)

  • 양희철;김두용;강태완;소민우;권재준;박기홍
    • 한국자동차공학회논문집
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    • 제23권5호
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    • pp.553-563
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    • 2015
  • Reportedly the fatality rate from secondary collision is six times higher than the average fatality rate from all traffic accidents. So prevention of the secondary collision is attracting significant attention from automotive industries. However, the secondary collision prevention systems that have been developed are not considering possibility of brake actuator failure that can occur by the impact during the initial collision. In this paper, a new system has been developed that could prevent secondary collision even in case of brake actuator failure by taking advantage of still operating actuators. In this system, a steering control is performed for maintaining a lane by using linear quadratic regulator. Additionally, the system attempts differential brake control with the remaining braking capability to stop the vehicle in the shortest distance. Through simulation in various collision scenarios, the system has demonstrated significant potential of preventing secondary collision that could otherwise have resulted in severe fatality.

지진 위험도 분석에서 인공지능모형을 이용한 네트워크 교통량의 예측 (Artificial Intelligence Estimation of Network Flows for Seismic Risk Analysis)

  • Kim, Geun-Young
    • 대한교통학회지
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.117-130
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    • 1999
  • 지진은 교량과 도로 구조물들에 피해를 입혀서 교통시스템 운행전반과 지역경제에 심각한 피해를 초래하도록 한다. 지진위험도 분석방법은 안전도에 문제가 있는 고속도로 교량들에 대하여 구조물 보강공사를 실시하기 위한 우선순위 결정에 사용되어 진다. 지진위험도 분석방법들은 한 교량의 상대적 중요도를 결정하기 위하여 일일 평균교통량을 사용하고 있다. 본 연구는 도로붕괴시 교통시스템에 추가로 부과되는 시스템비용의 관점에서 수많은 교통량분석을 실행하는데 비용-효과적인 교통망 분석방법을 개발하는데 있다. 본 연구에서 개발된 교통망 분석방법의 핵심은 인공지능분야에서 개발된 연상기억모형의 사용이다. 본 연구에서 개발된 교통망 분석방법을 평가하기 위하여 7개의 교통죤으로 구성된 교통망이 구축되었다. 다양한 교통링크 붕괴 시나리오들이 지진으로 붕괴된 교통망에서의 교통량들을 추정하기 위하여 무작위로 선정되었다. 이러한 교통링크 붕괴 시나리오에 대한 교통량의 변화는 여러 연상기억모형들을 이용하여 예측하였고, 그 예측능력을 평가하였다. 다양한 시나리오로부터의 예측결과는 교통량 예측분야에서 연상기억 모형들의 적용 가능성을 보여주고 있다.

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