• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.141-161
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• 2000

This study examined the conditions and administration of 548 private, social welfare, and elementary school-based facilities providing after-school child care. The School-Age Care Environment Rating Scale developed by authors was administered to the teachers of these facilities. The rating scale consists of 84 items in 9 sub-areas. Seven point ratings were obtained for each item. One-way ANOVA confirmed differences between all items at the (p<.001) except for supplementary special needs items. The private facilities had the best environment for after-school child care except for staff development. The social welfare facilities showed good evaluation in staff-child interactions, activities, staff development and administration. The elementary schools obtained low evaluations except for supplementary special needs items. The evaluation of social welfare facilities was highest in Seoul and private child care facilities were highest in other areas.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.61-70
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aims to find directions to improve the barrier-free (BF) certification criteria by assessing the current BF certification system, which is used as a method to improve access to passenger facilities and as a method for universal design planning, and by comparing BF certified facilities with non-BF certified facilities. Methods: This study assesses 20 BF certified facilities and 39 non-BF certified facilities, which were constructed in 2005 and onwards. The results of the assessment are compared and analyzed based on the following three categories: railway stations, urban railway stations and bus terminals. Results: The results of the analysis show that the total scores of the BF certified facilities are higher than those of the facilities that were not BF certified, indicating that the BF certification system is effective. Implication: However, there are some criteria items showing higher scores in facilities that are not BF certified than in BF certified facilities. This suggests the need to improve the BF certification criteria.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2011

The study aims to analyze and evaluate the evaluation items and application methods of environment-friendly middle schools in Chungbuk area by case studies. For the study, the criteria and situations of environment-friendly schools are analyzed literally and three environment-friendly middle schools in Chungbuk area selected. The field surveys and faculty interviews are performed. As results, about 35 environment-friendly technologies are applied and 66 to 68 points are acquired in three selected schools. It is analyzed that the PV, natural interior materials, raining recycle system and sufficient green spaces are pointed out as main technologies. About 66% of respondents know the environment-friendly certification and use the environment facilities in classes. However, the unsuitable plants for interior green spaces, unskilled management of recycling facilities and the absent of student participate programs show up as main problems. Also, the active campaigns need to expand the environment-friendly school.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.9-18
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• 2012

The trend toward more welfare living because of more leisure time has influenced the popularity of the community facilities in apartment housing. According to the residents' increasing interests for well-being life the changes and developments of the community facilities have been required in these days. The purpose of this research is to study these required changes and developments by analyzing the resident's using behavior of community facilities in apartment housing focusing on the educational and cultural facilities. For this purpose, this research intends to examine the existing conditions and problems of educational and cultural community facilities in apartment housing and to analyze the residents' using patterns such as frequency, preference and satisfaction and to comprehend the additional needs and requirements of the residents. The conclusions and suggestions of this research can be a basic data for the architects to design a resident-oriented educational and cultural community facilities.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.225-233
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• 2014

Objective: This study was performed in order to investigate the distribution of antibiotic resistant E. coli and water quality in waterscape facilities. Methods: Nine waterscape facilities were selected and classified into three types: ground, wall and general fountain. The items analyzed in this study were pH, turbidity, $KMnO_4$ consumption, total colony, total coliforms, fecal coliforms and E. coli. Additionally, an antibiotic resistance test on E. coli was performed. Results: There were no sampling sites that exceeded the permitted limits of water quality, but the concentration of pollutants was high at the beginning operation in June. Moreover, concentration of turbidity, $KMnO_4$ consumption and total colony were higher in ground fountains than in wall and general fountains. Five species of antibiotic resistant E. coli were detected from three sampling sites. Conclusions: The waterscape facilities were significantly contaminated with water microorganisms, especially total colony, total coliforms and fecal coliforms. Disinfection and filtration systems to remove pollutants should be installed for safe waterscape facilities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.19-27
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine whether public services in rural areas performed the functions of public interest value that benefited all residents of rural areas. Therefore, the results were derived through spatial distribution and population characteristics analysis at the level of basic living service facilities. As a result, the status of spatial distribution in the Favorable and Vulnerable areas of rural villages and the status of population distribution in the vulnerable areas was analyzed for retail, child care and medical facilities. In the case of retail facilities, it was found that more than 80.0% of the country's farming villages were distributed in the favorable areas that could be reached within 15 minutes. In the case of child care facilities, 91.5% of the total number of favorable areas could be reached within 15 minutes, and the distribution of child care facilities nationwide was deemed proper. In the case of medical facilities, 90.8% or more villages could be reached within 15 minutes of travel time as a lawmaker, and in the case of hospitals and emergency medical services, 92.7% of hospitals and 68.2% of emergency medical services were analyzed as favorable areas. Through these results, the government intends to establish objective spatial data in rural areas to provide basic information on policy directions and contribute to planning.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.159-168
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the preference and needs of leisure facilities of residents living in apartment complexes. The questionnaire survey was conducted in the selected apartment complexes, and 676 responses were used for data analysis. The statistical techniques used for data analysis included frequencies, percentage, mean, $X^2$-test, and multiple regression. The major findings were as follows: 1) Subjects needed the diverse leisure facilities such as sports center and resident's self government facilities. And they needed diverse facilities for sports. 2) In terms of location, they needed leisure facilities which was closer to their house. 3) The degree of satisfaction of leisure facilities was lower than neutral. The satisfaction of leisure facilities related with diversity of leisure facilities and program, and poor environment. 4) It was found that the respondents preferred safe and various leisure facilities, and the leisure facilities were exclusively used for the residents only, and the use by non-residents should be charged at the expense. Also, respondents were willing to pay additional fee for the better quality of leisure facilities, and sports leisure facilities congregated in one building were highly desirable.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2013

This study analyzes the reduction effects of runoff and flood damage through different arrangements of stormwater storage facilities. Three scenarios based on the spatial allocation of storage capacity are used: concentrated, decentralized and combinative. The characteristics of runoff and flood damage by scenario are compared. The XP-SWMM model is used for runoff simulation by the probable rainfall of return period. The result shows that the concentrated arrangement of storage facilities is most effective to reduce the amount of peak flow and to delay the time of peak flow. Yet, while the concentrated arrangement is most effective to reduce the inundation damage, it is not effective to reduce runoff volume. The decentralized arrangement is most effective to reduce runoff volume. The combinative arrangement is effective not only the runoff reduction but also the reduction of flood damage. The result indicates that the flood mitigation strategies against heavy rainfall need to consider decentralized on-site arrangement for the reduction of runoff volume along with concentrated off-site arrangement of storage facilities.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.17-25
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• 2014

Purpose: Mental health facilities are facing a new social environment. To provide appropriate patient care environment, mental health and mental healthcare is changing the paradigm. In this situation, this study research and analysis mental healthcare service system and mental healthcare facility in Germany. The reason is that Germany has cosistently been building mental healthcare service system and mental healthcare facility for patient. Therefore, it aims to suggest a fundamental resource for amental healthcare service system and mental healthcare facility for mental healtn. Methods: This study was conducted literature researches and field studies. Literature researches for mental healthcare service system and facilities. Field study is to identify the characteristic and configuration of mental healtncare facilities. Results: Findings of this study can be summerrized inth three points. First, In Germany, Mental healthcare facility is critical environment in the community. And, the facilities are being turned into reasonable and alternative environment. Second, Facilities of Mental healthcare and service system designed by various level and configurations that can be providing places for people with mental problems. Third, Mental healthcare facilities consist of healing environment for patient. Implications: The future study on finding of the specific environment planning citeria in mental healthcare facility on the basis of findings of present study.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.11-39
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• 2018

Tritium and $^{14}C$ are two most important radionuclides released from nuclear facilities to the environment, and $^{14}C$ contributes dominant radiation dose to the population around nuclear power plants. This paper presents an overview of the production, pathway, species and levels of tritium and $^{14}C$ in nuclear facilities, mainly nuclear power plants. The methods for sampling and collection of different species of tritium and $^{14}C$ in the discharge gas from the stack in the nuclear facilities, atmosphere of the nuclear facilities and environment are presented, and the features of different methods are reviewed. The on-line monitoring methods of gaseous tritium and $^{14}C$ in air and laboratory measurement methods for sensitive determination of tritium and $^{14}C$ in collected samples, water and environmental solid samples are also discussed in detailed. Meanwhile, the challenges in the determination and speciation analysis of tritium and $^{14}C$ are also highlighted.