• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.1234-1242
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• 2004

Purpose: This cross-sectional study was designed to identify anger-expression types of adolescent women and investigate the relation between the identified anger-expression types and their problem behaviors and health status. Method: One hundred ninety nine high school freshmen were recruited from September to November, 2003. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, 2-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple comparison test. Result: Three anger-expression types in adolescent women were found; Anger-out/in, Anger-control/in, and Anger-control type. Adolescent women with frequently using the anger-out/in type and with higher state anger reported more delinquent behaviors, more health risk behaviors, and higher psychosomatic symptoms. However, adolescent women with lower state anger and frequently using the anger-control type reported more depression scores. Conclusion: There is a need to further clarify the relationship between anger-expression type sand depression in adolescent women. The findings suggest the necessity of a development of the program for lowering the anger level and controlling the unfavorable anger expression types such as the anger-out in.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.111-127
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• 2016

The study aims to examine the forms of 'image expression' and utilization of model poses in fashion photos, and to delve into the characteristics and the intents that make certain model poses effective in expressing an image. The study used the fashion photos in the fashion magazine, Vogue, to analyze the different model poses used to express different images. The results are as follows. First, image expression forms in fashion photos were categorized into 'direct product suggestion expression form', 'sensual image expression form', 'sexual image expression form', 'story telling expression form', 'everyday situation expression form', and 'fantastic image expression form'. The different utilization types of model poses were categorized into 'type utilizing intangible elements', 'type utilizing complicated elements', 'type utilizing living organisms', 'type utilizing props', 'type utilizing clothes', 'type utilizing location', 'type utilizing accessories', and 'type utilizing products'. Second, the most common expression form for fashion photos used in advertisements was the 'direct product suggestion expression form', which was followed by the sensual image expression form. The most popular form used in the editorial fashion photos was the direct suggestion product expression form, which was followed by the story telling expression form. Third, the most common model pose type for direct product suggestion form was the 'type utilizing product'. Fourth, 'direct product suggestion expression form' was mostly used in editorial fashion photos. The most common utilization types of model poses were 'type utilizing clothes', 'type utilizing props', and 'type utilizing place'.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.429-445
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to provide ideas for the development of bag design by analyzing the expression types and aesthetic formativeness of modern bag design using tassels and fringe given the newtro trend pursuing analog sensitivity in modern society. The methods and scope of this study are as follows. First, the related literature and internet data were reviewed in order to examine the expression types and characteristics of the bags of the West and East. Next, the definition and characteristics of tassel and fringe decoration in terms of the history of clothing were analyzed. Finally, the expression types and aesthetic formativeness of tassels and fringe were derived through the analysis of modern bag design shown in the fashion collections since 2010. The bags decorated with the tassels and fringe bring a variety of visual effects depending on the attachment position, direction and material composition, concentrating the gaze and radiating original style. In this study, the expression of tassels and fringe in modern bag design was classified into three types: surface decoration, shape variability, and object combination. Next, the aesthetic formativeness of modern bag design using tassels and fringe as decorative elements appeared through the mixture of heterogeneous materials and playfulness through imagination, exaggeration through extension of length and volume, and retro characteristics through reinterpretation of tradition. This study is expected to contribute to creative ideas of modern bag design which requires a global sense, which has been used in various cultures for a long time.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.361-373
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the role of lines in creative design development by analyzing the expression types and aesthetic characteristics of modern fashion using geometric formativeness of symmography. A literature study was conducted of works since 2009 to examine the general consideration of lines together with analysis of the concept and characteristics of symmography in the formative arts field, and to analyze the expression types and aesthetic characteristics of modern fashion design using the formativeness of symmography. The infinite sense of formativeness and original expression of symmography are used in formative arts such as space design, installation art, and industrial design. Expression types of modern fashion design using geometric formativeness of symmography can be classified into the following three types: two-dimensional graphic pattern, relief surface, and three-dimensional spatial. First, the two-dimensional graphic pattern type forms an optical pattern, providing individuality and visual interest to the textile design. Second, the relief surface type expresses the plane in various ways, so that the thickness changes according to how lines overlap. Third, the three-dimensional spatial type expands the boundaries of clothing and creates a fantastic spatial beauty. Next, the aesthetic formativeness of fashion design using symmography can be classified into repetitive rhythmicity, geometric self-similarity, and optical spatiality. Symmography enables a myriad of geometric patterns to be developed depending on material, color, and the designer's imagination, and helps inspire a variety of designs in fashion that sculpt a three-dimensional human body.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.200-211
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• 2021

This study examines the effects of fashion influencers' body types (realistic versus ideal body types) on self-expression, self-representation, and recommendation intentions, as mediated by familiarity toward influencers. Although fashion influencers lead to a positive consumer response compared to traditional advertisements, previous research on the effects of fashion influencers on consumers is limited. Thus, this study tests the role of consumers' socio-psychological aspects in understanding how and why fashion influencers affect consumers' behavioral intentions associated with self-expression, self-representation, and influencer recommendation. A total of 180 women in their 20s and 30s participated in the survey. The responses were collected after showing them stimuli featuring fashion influencers with either ideal or realistic body shapes. The data were analyzed using SPSS18.0 for descriptive statistics, and AMOS 18.0 for confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The results showed that participants who were shown realistic body types perceived familiarity, which generated positive effects on self-expression, self-representation, and recommendation intentions. Hence, the effects of influencers' body types on recommendation intention are mediated by familiarity. Self-expression and self-representation intentions also increase influencer recommendation intention. Comparatively, participants who were shown ideal body types only induced higher self-representation intention, which increased their recommendation intention. The current findings can help fashion marketers select the appropriate influencers who fit their target customers as promotional models, as well as to induce changes in consumers' behavioral intention.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.141-150
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• 2021

Recently, interest of consumers in home furnishing products has increased steadily because of the increased time spent at home due to COVID-19. Among them, carpets made of various materials and technologies are becoming popular interior item. Academic and industrial sectors agreed on the need to produce premium design carpets. Prior research on carpet design was mostly focused on patterns, history, with insufficient investigations on the type. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide basic data to develop premium design carpets by analyzing their expression types. To analyze expression types, this study covered about 400 design carpets surveyed on the websites of eight major carpet companies from January 2021 to March 2021. Based on the analysis results, the five expression types of are as follows. Firstly, the expression type was expressed in various atypical forms that was deviated from the formal form. Secondly, it was a type that improves visual and tactile effects through a variety of 3-D textures. Thirdly, it was a type of diversification of motifs, which was based on the works of artists and designers in various fields. Fourthly, it was a type that combines two or more different materials and techniques. Finally, it was a modular type that can be applied in various ways to various spaces. Based on the analysis results of this study, it is hoped that the data will be helpful to produce premium design carpets in Korea.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.44-53
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to identify the most efficient expression method by analyzing advertising expression method by 16 types of product in internet advertising. First of all, It made inquiries about expression method and attitude of internet advertising for this study and identified a conception, characteristics, and types of internet advertising through literature reviews about internet advertising. This study offered expression the korean alphabet, hangout about banners ads, sponsorship ads, interstitial ads and pop-up ads. This study analyzed advertising expression, advertising effectiveness and advertising attitude by 16 types of product in internet advertising. In conclusion, the marketers of internet advertising have to effort to make internet advertisements that suit their advertising purpose by using the right expression method of internet advertising because they know internet advertising are quite different the expression method, advertising effectiveness, and advertising attitude. And they have to convert negative attitude or medium size attitude of internet advertising into positive attitude in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.1912-1922
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• 2010

This paper examines the types and characteristics of cartoon and animation characters in contemporary fashion in order to provide the basic data necessary for the development and use of fashion character designs that develop creative designs and culturally high values. This study examined the relevant literature, reviewed local publications, foreign fashion magazines, and Internet data from 2000 to 2009. In this way, it analyzed various visual images that reflect cartoon and animation characters in case studies. This paper found some expression types, which are the direct expression of characters through print or collage, the borrowing of character images, the use of cartoon expression techniques, and the use of characters for the composition of clothing forms. Those expression types had some similar characteristics. The first is the expression of a kidult-like entertainment that reflected the inner psychology of adults trying to escape from a complicated modem society and returning to their childhood. The second is the expression of satire. Cartoon and animation characters were used as a medium for pointing out social irregularities and evil deeds that taught the lesson of good triumphing over the evil in fashion; they expressed the satire of the modem society and delivered a message of purity and hope. The third is the use of a decorative factor. Each character was printed in primary colors or expressed in colorful beads, and serial cartoon scenes were printed on clothes and used to make a decorative effect of fashion designs.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.130-137
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a method of selecting new types of rectangle features that are suitable for facial expression recognition. The basic concept in this paper is similar to Viola's approach, which is used for face detection. Instead of previous Haar-like features we choose rectangle features for facial expression recognition among all possible rectangle types in a 3${\times}$3 matrix form using the AdaBoost algorithm. The facial expression recognition system constituted with the proposed rectangle features is also compared to that with previous rectangle features with regard to its capacity. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed approach has better performance in facial expression recognition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.147-160
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• 2013

Korean fashion designs became important items in Korea in the middle of the 1980s, and it has advanced into the world market in the early part of the 1990s. To achieve success in global fashion world, it is necessary to analyze Korean fashion design thoroughly and prepare strategies to develop designs with mainstream acceptance in the global fashion world. The purpose of this study is to analyze the aesthetic characteristics and Korean beauties of Korean fashion designs. Fashion photos of Korean fashion designs from 2006 S/S to 2012 F/W were analyzed. 357 designs from 608 designs of 4 representative Korean designers were examined and design characteristics, expression styles were studied. The major conclusions of the study are as follows : 1. H Line, slim, fitted silhouette and loose look were applied. 2. 5 major traditional colors, red, blue, yellow, white and black colors were used. Brown color, neutral color, golden color and beige color of the textile material's original color were used. Traditional textile materials like ramie fabric, satin and cotton, wool and metallic fabric were used. 3. Patterns of flower, traditional pattern and Korean letters were applied. Embroidery, patchwork and mother-of-pearl were decorated. 4. The three types of beauty were natural beauty, moderate beauty and decorative beauty. The types that were analyzed were realistic expression type, moderate expression type, image expression type and mixed expression type. To be accepted in global fashion world, Korean traditional design elements should be modified, broken down and reorganized so that Korean fashion design can be recreated.