• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.915-934
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• 2015

Within the context of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), it is often the case that structural systems are described by uncertainty, both with respect to their parameters and the characteristics of the input loads. For the purposes of system identification, efficient modeling procedures are of the essence for a fast and reliable computation of structural response while taking these uncertainties into account. In this work, a reduced order metamodeling framework is introduced for the challenging case of nonlinear structural systems subjected to earthquake excitation. The introduced metamodeling method is based on Nonlinear AutoRegressive models with eXogenous input (NARX), able to describe nonlinear dynamics, which are moreover characterized by random parameters utilized for the description of the uncertainty propagation. These random parameters, which include characteristics of the input excitation, are expanded onto a suitably defined finite-dimensional Polynomial Chaos (PC) basis and thus the resulting representation is fully described through a small number of deterministic coefficients of projection. The effectiveness of the proposed PC-NARX method is illustrated through its implementation on the metamodeling of a five-storey shear frame model paradigm for response in the region of plasticity, i.e., outside the commonly addressed linear elastic region. The added contribution of the introduced scheme is the ability of the proposed methodology to incorporate uncertainty into the simulation. The results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methodology for accurate prediction and simulation of the numerical model dynamics with a vast reduction of the required computational toll.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2007

측정불확도란 시험결과에 대하여 측정량을 합리적으로 추정한 값들의 분산 특성을 나타내는 파라미터(parameter)로써 ILAC(국제시험소인정협력체) 등의 국제기구와의 측정결과에 대한상호인정 및 신뢰성 확보에 필수적인 요소이다. 국제표준(ISO/IEC 17025)에 맞는 시험분석 결과의 도출을 위해서는 먼저 소급성을 유지하고 그에 따른 불확도를 산출하여야 한다. 소급성은 실험의 모든 과정에 불확도를 가지고 끊기지 않는 비교연결을 통한 국제(국가)표준과 연관시키는 시스템으로, sampling에서 측정결과의 도출까지 소급성을 유지하는 것만이 측정결과의 신뢰성(정확 및 정밀)을 유지하는 최상의 시스템이다. Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurements(GUM)에 의한 불확도 계산 절차는 측정량(measurand)의 함수 표현, 입력량의 표준불확도(standard uncertainty)의 계산(표준편차, 평균의 표준편차), 합성표준불확도(combined uncertainty)의 계산, 확장불확도(expanded uncertainty)의 계산을 통한 통계적 추정을 하는 것이다. 오렌지 쥬스 중 카드뮴을 분석함에 있어서, 실험실에 대해서는 국제표준화(ISO17025) 시스템을 도입하고 분석시약 및 기기에 대하여 소급성을 유지하여, 분석결과의 신뢰성을 확보하기 위한 측정불확도를 산출하였다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.401-407
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• 2007

Precise absolute measurement of the errors in a potential transformer (PT) can be achieved using high voltage capacitance bridge (HVCB) and capacitive divider. The uncertainty in a PT measurement using the HVCB system was evaluated by considering the overall factors affecting during the calibration of a PT. The expanded uncertainties are found to be not more than $30{\times}10^{-6}$ for ratio and $30{\mu}rad$ for phase up to the primary voltage of $V_p=22kV$. For same PTs, the measured errors in KRISS (Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) using our bridge are well coincide with those in NMIA (National Measurement Institute of Australia) and PTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt) within the corresponding uncertainties.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.1342-1347
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• 2016

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.70-76
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• 2016

Background: The use of the extracts from evening primrose seeds as a health functional food has been gradually increased. Therefore, the monitoring and screening process has been considerably required for its quality control. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the measurement uncertainty associated with determination of penta-o-galloyl ${\beta}$-D-glucose (PGG) in extracts from evening primrose seeds by high-performance liquid chromatography. Methods: The sources of measurement uncertainty was expressed in accordance with mathematical/statistical theories of GUM & EURACHEM Guide. The expanded uncertainty was calculated by using the relative standard uncertainty between analytical result and sources of uncertainty in measurement (sample weight, final volume, extraction volume, standard solution, matrix and instrument etc). Results: In the results of 95% confidence interval, the uncertainty in measurement was $10,253.34{\pm}1,844.50{\mu}g/kg$ (k = 2.0). Conclusion: In this study, it showed that the value of uncertainty in measurement for determination of PGG in extracts from evening primrose seeds by HPLC has about 18.0% influence on PGG contents of the analytical results. The results would be very useful for the monitoring and screening of evening primrose seeds marketed in Korea for its quality control as dietary supplement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.27 no.1 s.53
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• pp.114-119
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• 2005

The study was carried out to develope quantitative analysis method of individual sugars in licorice extract. Individual sugars were analyzed by HPLC equipped with Refractive Index(RI) Detector. R values of sucrose and glucose were 1.0000 and R values of fructose and maltose were 0.9999. Standard calibration curve showed good linearity. Detection limit of sugars was in the range of 1.58 to 3.92 ${\mu}g$. Recovery rate of fructose, glucose, sucrose and maltose was $99.4\~102.2\%,\;92.3\~97.9\%,\;99.4\~102.0\%,\;91.1\~101.0$ respectively. Measure uncertainty was calculated to confirm trust and accuracy of analytical results. Main uncertainty factors were standard purity and HPLC replication injection. In $95\%$ trust level expanded uncertainty of sugars in licorice extract were fructose $1.98\pm0.047,\;glucose\;1.32\pm0.065,\;sucrose\;11.69\pm1.177,\;maltose\;1.06\pm0.042\;g/100\;g$.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.75-79
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• 2013

The present study measured the light transmission to quantify the smoke density(smoke mass concentration) through the doorway in a compartment fire and performed the uncertainty analysis to evaluate the reliability of the measurement technique. The optical light extinction method based on Bourguer's law was applied to estimate the smoke density of doorway exhausting smoke flow in upper layer of a compartment for methane gas fires. The measurement uncertainty of the light extinction measurement was evaluated for the light transmittance, path length, and specific mass extinction coefficient and the expanded uncertainty was estimated about 20% with confidence level of 95%. The mean smoke density through the doorway for the methane fire was calculated for quasi-steady fire and the smoke density linearly increased as the GER increased.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2014

The quality control of ocean observations data is becoming a major issue as real-time observational data and information services have increased recently. Therefore, it is necessary for oceanographic instruments to calibrate. In this paper, we first introduce the CTD calibration system and traceability. Next, CTD calibration procedures and estimation of uncertainty of measurement are described. The expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of the temperature, pressure and conductivity are 0.$0.003^{\circ}C$, $6.0{\times}10^{-5}$ and 0.006 mS/cm respectively. Finally, the excellence of CTD calibration and its measurement capability has been proven by comparing the inter-calibration result of KIOST and Sea-Bird Electronics (SBE). CTD calibration residuals are less than ${\pm}0.0001^{\circ}C$, ${\pm}0.001$ MPa, ${\pm}0.0001$ S/m for SBE 3plus temperature sensor, SBE 19plus pressure sensor and SBE 4C conductivity sensor respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.264-267
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• 2003

Pitch measurements of 150 nm pitch one-dimensional grating standards were carried out using an contact mode atomic force microscopy(C-AFM) with a high resolution three-axis laser interferometer. It was called as 'Nano-metrological AFM' In Nano-metrological AFM, Three laser interferometers were aligned well to the end of AFM tip. Laser sources of the three-axis laser interferometer in the nano-metrological AFM were calibrated with an I$_2$-stablilzed He-Ne laser at a wavelength of 633 nm. So, the Abbe error was minimized and the result of the pitch measurement using the nano-metrological AFM has a traceability to the length standard directly. The uncertainty in the pitch measurement was estimated in accordance with the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement(GUM). The Primary source of uncertainty in the pitch-measurements was derived from repeatability of pitch-measurement, and its value was approx 0.186 nm. Expanded uncertainty(k=2) of less than 5.23 nm was obtained. It is suggested that the metrological AFM is a useful tool for the nano-metrological standard calibration.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.5-10
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• 2014

It is possible for the nation's largest flowmeter calibration system in K-water to calibrate flow rate up to $2,700m^3/h$ and diameter 800mm. However, the calibration and measurement capability of K-water's system is not satisfied in comparison with other developed countries. In this study, we find the dominant factors related to the uncertainty of weight and time measurement for gravimetric flowmeter calibration system. As a results of improving the system, the combined standard uncertainty has been improved $1.099{\times}10^{-3}$ to $2.332{\times}10^{-4}$. So calibration and measurement capability got 0.08 percent of the relative expanded uncertainty for maximum flow rate using the coverage factor(k=2).