• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

We investigated the genotypes of Leptospira spp. detected in symptomatic dogs in Thailand. During April to December 2012, 6 out of 41 client-owned dogs were diagnosed with leptospirosis based on polymerase chain reaction tests. All of the infected dogs showed clinical symptoms related to leptospirosis. Direct genotyping of the causative agent of the canine leptospirosis was conducted from the archival DNA samples extracted from urine or blood of those 6 infected dogs. Sequencing of the partial 16S rRNA and lipL32 genes from all samples identified Leptospira (L.) interrogans as the infecting species. Multilocus sequence typing tests were successful for 2 out of 6 samples. The sequence type (ST) was identified as ST50 for both samples where the profile corresponded to L. interrogans species and Bataviae serogroup. The presence of this genotype of Leptospira has never been reported in Thailand. Thus, our findings showed the existence of ST50 L. interrogans serogroup Bataviae and the ability to cause leptospirosis in dogs in Thailand.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.70-75
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• 2021

The present study aimed to clarify flora living at the area of Restoration Center for Endangered Species in Yeongyang, Gyeongbuk Province. In May, August, and September 2019 and in May and July 2020, all of vascular plants were recorded, and endangered, Korea endemic, and exotic plant species were further identified. The study site contained a total of 418 floral taxa (98 families, 261 genera, 384 species, 4 subspecies, 27 variations, and 3 formations), in which Magnoliophyta accounted for larger proportion (95.2%) than Pteridophyta (3.6%) and Pinophyta (1.2%). In addition, 1 endangered (Cypripedium macranthos Sw.) and 5 Korea endemic species (Aconitum pseudolaeve Nakai, Eleutherococcus divaricatus var. chiisanensis [Nakai] C.H. Kim & B.-Y. Sun, Lonicera subsessilis Rehder, Paulownia coreana Uyeki, and Weigela subsessilis [Nakai] L.H. Bailey) were detected. The number of exotic species was 33, consisting of 4 invasive-exotic, 4 potentially invasive-exotic, and 25 non-invasive species. Compared to a previous assessment before the establishment of the center (in 2014), there were increases in total floral taxa (from 361 to 418), endangered species (from 0 to 1), and exotic species (from 26 to 33). These results possibly reflect temporal changes in floral community, which should be confirmed through subsequent long term monitoring.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.193-200
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• 2023

Influx of exotic fishes is the problem of fish management. The reason why interest on river environment was increased. Recently, River project was conducted to consider environmental function on the ecosystem and Eco-Diversity. Therefore, farmlands structure along the river was removed such as vinyl greenhouse. Daejeo ecological park was built in 4 River project. Daejeo ecological park have significance habitat for migratory birds and eco-diversity. In spite of nature river improvement, ecological system in river will be break down by exotic fishes. This study was conducted to investigate analyze the fish faun and prevailing species occupancy in Daejeo ecological park. This data will be used to make the management plan of exotic fishes in ecological park around Daejeo ecological park.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.184-192
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• 2023

Influx of exotic fishes is the reason of destruction of the ecosystem and Eco-Diversity Recently, River project was conducted to consider environmental function. Therefore, farmlands structure along the river was removed such as vinyl greenhouse. In order to supply water eco-diversity, ecological park was built. In spite of nature river improvement, the ecological system in river will be break down by exotic fishes. This study was conducted to investigate analyze the fish faun and prevailing species occupancy in Nakdong river. This data will be used to make the management plan of exotic fishes in ecological park around Nakdong river.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.162-181
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the current status of both exotic and naturalized plants in the designated Cultural Preservation Area located in Seongju-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do in order to identify traditional cultural places and to provide basic information to prepare a conservation strategy. The vascular plant species was identified as having 114 taxa: 50 families, 93 genera, 94 species, 16 varieties and 4 forms in King Sejong's Prince Taesil. Among them are 15 taxa of the exotic plant species and 16 taxa of naturalized plant species, which resulted in 14.04% of the Naturalization Rate and 5.90% of the Urbanization Index. The vascular plant species was identified as 68 taxa: 40 families, 64 genus, 57 species, 8 varieties and 4 forms in the Seongju Hyanggyo. Among them, the exotic plants recorded 17 taxa with 30 taxa of naturalized plants. The Naturalization Rate was 44.12% and Urbanization Index was 11.07%. The Seongbaksup, which was a grove outside of the Seongju Fortress recorded 61 taxa: 34 families, 58 genera, 55 species, 5 varieties and 1 form. Among them, the exotic plant species consisted of 10 taxa with 17 taxa of naturalized plants, with a 27.87% Naturalization Rate and a 6.27% Urbanization Index. The vascular plant species was recorded as 230 taxa: 92 families, 183 genus, 182 species, 1 subspecies, 32 varieties and 14 forms in Hangae Village. Among them, exotic plants consist of 28 taxa with 85 naturalized plant species, with a Naturalization Rate of 37.12% and Urbanization Index of 31.37%. The vascular plant species in the Seongsan Ancient Tomb is recorded as having 131 taxa: 55 families, 107 genus, 106 species 19 varieties and 6 forms. Among them, exotic plants consist of 18 classifications, and naturalized plants consist of 22 classifications with a Naturalization Rate of 16.79% and an Urbanization Index of 8.12%. The Seongju Hangyo recorded the highest Naturalization Rate among all surveyed sites in Hangae Village. All five of these surveyed sites will require a management plan to eradicate both exotic and naturalized plant species. Hangae Village especially needs to prepare a management plan. The invasion of ragweed in Seongju Hanggyo and Hangae Village, which is one of the most invasive plant species to disturb the ecosystem, is in need of management to eradicate it.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.265-278
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• 2016

In this study, an ascending capability experiment was performed with largemouth bass and bluegill, which are exotic fish species inhabiting (the freshwaters) in Korea. The experiment was performed by dividing the subject fish into four groups according to their size and at four flow rates for each group. The number of fish passing through a reference line was analyzed by recording videos, and their swimming and ascending capabilities were observed by the naked eye. The number of fish passing through the reference line did not include those returning downstream within five minutes due to the high flow rate. The flow rate used for the analysis was the mean of the flow rate values measured at the left bank, the right bank, and in the middle of the stream. The results showed that the number of exotic fish migrating upstream decreased as the flow rate increased, regardless of the species and size of the fish. The comparison between the fish species showed that the ascending capability of bass was higher than that of bluegill, but the difference was not significant when considering the difference in the size of the fish. In addition, the upper limit flow velocity allowing the ascending of the exotic fish species was 1.11 m/s, when considering the fish returning to the downstream after the upstream migration and experimental error. The results of the experiment may be used as fundamental data for the blocking of fish and the management of exotic fish species by means of a high flow rate current. Further experiments, verification, and monitoring may need to be conducted continuously to determine whether the fish are able to pass through the reference line at a high flow rate, when they attain a high or cruising velocity. Additionally, the reaction of the fish species should be investigated by considering the response to external forces as well as pressure differences due to the flow rate.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.251-258
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• 2023

Invasive species are introduced for various purposes, such as pets and food, and the trade of reptiles among them has continuously increased due to their unusual or rare external character traits. As their imports increase, the number of exotic reptiles in the wild is also increasing, and most of the recently discovered exotic turtles have been found near urban areas. Therefore, this study aims to report the current status of exotic turtles inhabiting the Jungnang Stream in downtown Seoul, Republic of Korea. As a result of the survey, seven species of exotic turtles were identified: Chrysemys picta picta, Pseudemys concinna, P. nelsoni, Trachemys scripta elegans, T. s. scripta, T. s. troostii, and Mauremys sinensis. One native turtle species was found: Pelodiscus maackii. Six species are designated as "ecosystem disturbance species" in the Republic of Korea. The dominant species was P. concinna, and C. p. picta, which is still traded in pet shops, was also found. The results have confirmed the current status of exotic turtles in urban rivers, and it was determined that the results show that they are continuously entering the wild.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.691-701
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• 2006

In this paper, we construct a new exotic smooth 4-manifold X which is homeomorphic, but not diffeomorphic, to ${\mathbb{C}}\mathbb{P}^2{\sharp}13\overline{\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}}^2$. Moreover the manifold X has vanishing Seiberg-Witten invariants for all $Spin^c$-structures of X and has no symplectic structure.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.66.1-66.1
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• 2017

Nuclear reactions in explosive stars such as novae, X-ray bursts, and supernovae are responsible for producing many of the elements that make up our world. Exotic nuclei not normally found on earth can play an important role in these events due to the extreme conditions that occur in the explosion. A frontier area of research involves utilizing beams of radioactive nuclei to improve our understanding of these explosions and the implications on cosmic element production. At the future radioactive ion beam facility of Korea, RAON, we will measure astrophysically important reactions using exotic beams to probe the details of cosmic events. Details of RAON and possible day-1 experiments at the facility will be presented.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.203-209
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• 2019

The inhibition of aldose reductase (AR) by the extracts from sixteen noxious and exotic plants was examined. Among them, Aster pilosus showed the highest inhibition of AR ($IC_{50}$ value $0.11{\mu}g/mL$). This study showed that A. pilosus with promising AR-inhibitory activities can be utilized for the development of natural therapies for treating and managing diabetic complications.