• Title/Summary/Keyword: example-based synthesis

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Robust Controller Design for Hydraulic Dipod Platform Based on 2-DOF H Controller Synthesis Framework (2자유도 H 제어기 종합 프레임웍에 기반한 유압식 Dipod 플랫폼의 강인제어기 설계)

  • Lee, Young-Hoon;Cho, Taik-Dong
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.37 no.6
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    • pp.805-814
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    • 2013
  • A hydraulic dipod platform is used for tracking and stabilizing an antenna system to designate a satellite on a moving vehicle. The 2-DOF controller is very well suited to this controller design object because it is more flexible than the 1-DOF controller when the design object is not only the consideration between stabilizing and tracking but also the trade-off between performance and robustness. The 2-DOF controller synthesis based on the $H_{\infty}$ framework is divided into two design procedures. In this hydraulic dipod platform example, the single-step method shows better performance whereas the two-step method shows better robustness. The difference between these two synthesis results is compared using the structural property of the interconnection system matrix.

Development of Real-time PCR Assay Based on Hydrolysis Probe for Detection of Epichloë spp. and Toxic Alkaloid Synthesis Genes

  • Lee, Ki-Won;Woo, Jae Hoon;Song, Yowook;Rahman, Md Atikur;Lee, Sang-Hoon
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.42 no.3
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    • pp.201-207
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    • 2022
  • Fescues, which are widely cultivated as grasses and forages around the world, are often naturally infected with the endophyte, Epichloë. This fungus, transmitted through seeds, imparts resistance to drying and herbivorous insects in its host without causing any external damage, thereby contributing to the adaptation of the host to the environment and maintaining a symbiosis. However, some endophytes, such as E. coenophialum synthesize ergovaline or lolitrem B, which accumulate in the plant and impart anti-mammalian properties. For example, when livestock consume excessive amounts of grass containing toxic endophytes, problems associated with neuromuscular abnormalities, such as convulsions, paralysis, high fever, decreased milk production, reproductive disorders, and even death, can occur. Therefore, pre-inoculation with non-toxic endogenous fungi or management with endophyte-free grass is important in preventing damage to livestock and producing high-quality forage. To date, the diagnosis of endophytes has been mainly performed by observation under a microscope following staining, or by performing an immune blot assay using a monoclonal antibody. Recently, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular diagnostic method is gaining importance in the fields of agriculture, livestock, and healthcare given the method's advantages. These include faster results, with greater accuracy and sensitivity than those obtained using conventional diagnostic methods. For the diagnosis of endophytes, the nested PCR method is the only available option developed; however, it is limited by the fact that the level of toxic alkaloid synthesis cannot be estimated. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to develop a triplex real-time PCR diagnostic method that can determine the presence or absence of endophyte infection using DNA extracted from seeds within 1 h, while simultaneously detecting easD and LtmC genes, which are related to toxic alkaloid synthesis. This new method was then also applied to real field samples.

H-infinity Discrete Time Fuzzy Controller Design Based on Bilinear Matrix Inequality

  • Chen M.;Feng G.;Zhou S.S.
    • International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.127-137
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    • 2006
  • This paper presents an $H_{\infty}$ controller synthesis method for discrete time fuzzy dynamic systems based on a piecewise smooth Lyapunov function. The basic idea of the proposed approach is to construct controllers for the fuzzy dynamic systems in such a way that a Piecewise smooth Lyapunov function can be used to establish the global stability with $H_{\infty}$ performance of the resulting closed loop fuzzy control systems. It is shown that the control laws can be obtained by solving a set of Bilinear Matrix Inequalities (BMIs). An example is given to illustrate the application of the proposed method.

Template Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Short Tubular Carbons with Big Inner Diameter and their Application in Electrochemical Sensing

  • Cheng, Rui;Zou, Qiong;Zhang, Xiaohua;Xiao, Chunhui;Sun, Longfei;Chen, Jinhua
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.35 no.8
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    • pp.2423-2430
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    • 2014
  • Nitrogen-doped short tubular carbons (N-STCs) with big inner diameter have been successfully synthesized via carbonization of polydopamine (PDA) wrapped halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). The obtained N-STCs have average length of $0.3{\mu}m$ with big inner diameter (50 nm), thin wall (2-3 nm) and large surface area ($776m^2g^{-1}$), and show excellent electrochemical properties. As an example in electrochemical applications, N-STCs were used to electrochemically detect hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) and glucose. The results showed that the N-STCs modified glassy carbon (N-STCs/GC) electrode had much better analytical performance (lower detection limit and wider linear range) compared to the acid-treated carbon nanotubes (AO-CNTs) based GC electrode. The unique structure endows N-STCs the enhanced electrochemical performance and promising applications in electrochemical sensing.

Reaction Route to the Crystallization of Copper Oxides

  • Chen, Kunfeng;Xue, Dongfeng
    • Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.14-26
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    • 2014
  • Copper is an important component from coin metal to electronic wire, integrated circuit, and to lithium battery. Copper oxides, mainly including $Cu_2O$ and CuO, are important semiconductors for the wide applications in solar cell, catalysis, lithium-ion battery, and sensor. Due to their low cost, low toxicity, and easy synthesis, copper oxides have received much research interest in recent year. Herein, we review the crystallization of copper oxides by designing various chemical reaction routes, for example, the synthesis of $Cu_2O$ by reduction route, the oxidation of copper to $Cu_2O$ or CuO, the chemical transformation of $Cu_2O$ to CuO, the chemical precipitation of CuO. In the designed reaction system, ligands, pH, inorganic ions, temperature were used to control both chemical reactions and the crystallization processes, which finally determined the phases, morphologies and sizes of copper oxides. Furthermore, copper oxides with different structures as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries were also reviewed. This review presents a simple route to study the reaction-crystallization-performance relationship of Cu-based materials, which can be extended to other inorganic oxides.

L-System Based Procedural Synthesis Method to Efficiently Generate Dense, Radial, and Concentric Cracks of Glass (유리의 미세, 방사상, 동심원 균열을 효율적으로 생성하기 위한 L-System 기반의 절차적 합성 방법)

  • Kim, Jong-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2017
  • We propose a complex crack generation technique which is represented when impact is applied to glass. The crack patterns expressed when external forces are applied to the glass are classified into dense, radial, and concentric cracks, and we use procedural methods to efficiently represent crack patterns. Based on the input external force, we synthesize the crack example and apply the L-system based on this example to model the propagation shape of the crack in real time. Although physics based crack generation can analyze and model accurate cracks, it has a disadvantage of slow computation because of its high computational cost, and procedural methods have a relatively fast rate of continuity, but are not sufficient to capture accurate crack characteristics. We modeled cracks in glass using L-system to achieve both of these advantages. As a result, it realistically represented the microscopic crack patterns of glass in real time.

Review of Water-Based Synthetic Methods of Calcium Carbonate Polymorphs and Their Morphological Features (탄산칼슘 동질이상체의 수용액 기반 합성법 및 형태학적 특성 리뷰)

  • YoungJae Kim;Seon Yong Lee;Young Jae Lee
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.56 no.3
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    • pp.217-227
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    • 2023
  • Crystalline calcium carbonate (CaCO3) occurs in various geological and aqueous environments as calcite, aragonite, and vaterite. These minerals also have practical applications in engineered settings. Synthetic methods of calcium carbonate have been developed for scientific research and technical applications. For example, these methods have become widely adopted for studying the formation of CaCO3 minerals and (geo-)chemical processes involving these minerals in natural and engineered systems. Furthermore, these methods have the potential to be applied in various technical and biomedical fields. Water-based synthesis is particularly important for simulating the formation of calcium carbonate minerals in natural aqueous environments. This review paper describes the procedures and experimental conditions for water-based synthetic methods of each calcium carbonate polymorph, compares the morphological and structural features of the resulting crystals, and analyzes the crystallization mechanisms.

Dynamic State Feedback Controller Synthesis for Fuzzy Models (퍼지 모델을 위한 동적 상태 피드백 제어기 설계)

  • Chang, Wook;Joo, Young-Hoon;Park, Jin-Bae
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1999.07b
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    • pp.528-530
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    • 1999
  • This paper addresses the analysis and design of fuzzy control systems for a class of complex single input single output nonlinear systems. Firstly, the nonlinear system is represented by well-known Takagai-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy model and the global controller is constructed by compensating each linear model in the rule of TS fuzzy model. The design of conventional TS fuzzy-model-based controller usually is composed of two processes. One is to determine static state feedback gain of each local model and the other is to validate the stability of the designed fuzzy controller. In this paper, we propose an alternative of the design of TS fuzzy-model-based controller. The design scheme is based on the extension of conventional optimal control theory to the design of TS fuzzy-model-based controller. By using the proposed method the design and stability analysis of the TS fuzzy model-based controller is reduced to the problem of finding the solution of a set of algebraic Riccati equations. And we use the recently developed interior point method to find the solution of AREs, where AREs are recast as the LMI formulation. One simulation example is given to show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed fuzzy controller design method.

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Exploring the Direction of Middle School Statistics Education through a Comparison of Statistical Content between China & Korea: Focused on the Revised 2022 Mathematics Curriculum (중국의 중학교 통계 교육과정 분석을 통한 통계교육 방안 탐색: 2022 개정 수학과 교육과정을 중심으로)

  • Suh, Boeuk;Rim, Haemee
    • Communications of Mathematical Education
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.329-348
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    • 2023
  • This study is necessary for the stable settlement of the 2022 revised mathematics curriculum 'data and possibility' area. This study was conducted centering on literature analysis. The purpose of this study is to realize statistics education in line with the 2022 revised mathematics curriculum. This purpose was achieved by examining the statistics learning contents of the 2022 revised curriculum, analyzing Chinese mathematics curriculum, and analyzing Chinese mathematics textbooks. In this study, the following studies were conducted. First, five elements were extracted through the analysis of the 'statistics and probability' area of the Chinese mathematics curriculum. The extracted elements are the 4th grade goals, synthesis and practice content areas, achievement standards for statistics and probability (6), (9), and (11). Second, examples presented in Chinese mathematics textbooks and Chinese curriculum appendices related to the extracted elements were analyzed. Regarding the 4th grade goal, the statistical problem-solving process of the 7th grade 2nd semester mathematics textbook was analyzed. Regarding the synthesis and practice content area, the data analysis unit of the 8th grade 2nd semester mathematics textbook was analyzed. In relation to the achievement standard (6), Example 85 of the curriculum appendix was analyzed, in relation to the achievement standard (9), Example 86 was analyzed, and in relation to the achievement standard (11), Example 87 was analyzed. Third, based on the analysis results, implications for the development of new curriculum and 'textbook development, teaching and learning methods' according to the 2022 revised middle school mathematics curriculum were derived. Through the results of this study, we expect the successful realization of the 2022 revised middle school mathematics and curriculum statistics education.

Design of Controller for Affine Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy System with Parametric Uncertainties via BMI

  • Lee, Sang-In;Joo, Young-Hoon;Park, Jin-Bae
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2004.08a
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    • pp.658-662
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    • 2004
  • This paper develops a stability analysis and controller synthesis methodology for a continuous-time affine Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with parametric uncertainties. Affine T-S fuzzy system can be an advantage because it may be able to approximate nonlinear functions to high accuracy with fewer rules than the homogeneous T-S fuzzy systems with linear consequents only. The analysis is based on Lyapunov functions that are continuous and piecewise quadratic. The search for a piecewise quadratic Lyapunov function can be represented in terms of bilinear matrix inequalities (BMIs). A simulation example is given to illustrate the application of the proposed method.

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