• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2013

목적: 초음파 유도 하 중심부 침생검으로 진단된 2 cm 이상의 관상피내암종 저평가 수술 전 예측에 역동적 유방 자기공명 영상 및 확산강조영상의 역할을 규명하고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 14 gauge침을 이용한 초음파 유도 하 중심부 침생검을 통해 관상피내암종으로 진단된 22명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 환자는 조직병리 결과에 의거하여 관상피내암종 저평가 유무에 따라 두 군으로 나뉘었다. 모든 환자에서 역동적 유방 자기공명 영상 및 확산강조영상을 포함한 3 테슬라 유방 자기공명 영상을 획득하였다. 생검으로 확인된 악성 종괴에 대해, 병변의 형태 (종괴 혹은 비종괴), 조영 증강 형태, 조영 증강 최고점, 및 현성 확산 계수를 CADstream 소프트웨어를 이용하여 획득 하였으며, Fisher's exact test및 Mann Whitney test 이용하여 이 항목을 비교, 분석하였다. 결과: 총 22명의 환자 중 8명의 환자가 저평가 군으로 분류되었다. 병변의 형태 및 조영증강 형태는 두 군의 통계학적 차이가 없었다 (P values = 1.000 및 0.613). 조영 증강 최고점의 중앙값은 저평가 군에서 159.5% 로 저평가 되지 않은 군의 133.5% 보다 높았으나 통계학적 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다 (P value = 0.413). 저평가 군의 현성 확산 계수는 $1.26{\times}10^{-3}mm^2/sec$로 저평가 되지 않은 군의 $1.35{\times}10^{-3}mm^2/sec$ 보다 낮았다 (P value = 0.094). 결론: 현성 확산 계수는 초음파 유도한 중심부 침생검에 의한 관상피내암종 저평가 수술 전 예측에 도움이 될 가능성 있으며 추후 전향적 연구를 통해 이 연구 결과를 확인하는 것이 필요하겠다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.1187-1195
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• 2006

Panax notoginseng exhibit several beneficial effects including anti-oxidant effects. P. notoginseng is used as a therapeutic agent to stop haemorrhages and a tonic to promoted health in Korean and Chinese medicine. The pharmacokinetic profiles of the main P. notoginseng are still not accurately investigated. The exact mechanism of the anti-oxidant activitys of water extracts of P. notoginseng, however, has not been determined. in present study, I examined the effects of water extracts of P. notoginseng on high cholesterol diet atherosclerosis-induced rats in serum and abdominal aorta. A total of 3-week old 9 male rats of Sprague-Dawley were divided into 3 groups and fed with the basal diet (normal group), high cholesterol diet (atherosclerosis induced group) for 8 weeks, high cholesterol diet supplemented with water extracts of P. notoginseng (P. notoginseng group) for 4 weeks. And rats were sacrificed, serum lipid level, abodominal aortic anti-oxidant activities and lipid peroxide were measured. These results indicated that serum total cholesterl, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides concentration significently lowered in P. notoginseng group than high cholesterol diet group. But HDL-cholesterol concentraion significently higher in P. notoginseng group than high cholesterol feed group. And abdominal aortic xanthine oxidase activity was significantly reduced by dietary water extracts of P. notoginseng supplementation (p<0.05) Also abdominal aortic superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly increased by dietary water extracts of P. notoginseng supplementation (p<0.05) Especially, abdominal aortic level of lipid peroxide tended to increase in high cholesterol feed group, but water extract of P. notoginseng intake reduced the value (p<0.05).

• Investigative and Clinical Urology
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.410-415
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• 2018

Purpose: Despite meticulous techniques, surgical complications continue to be problematic in kidney transplant recipients. Role of routine stenting to reduce complications is controversial. In this study, we compare incidence of early urological complications, lymphoceles, urinary tract infections (UTI) and graft function; with or without double-J stenting. Materials and Methods: All patients who underwent live related donor renal transplantation from February 2014 to February 2016 were included. Transplants prior to February 2015 were without routine stenting; subsequent transplants were with routine stenting. Patients with neurogenic bladder, previously operated bladder and delayed or low urinary output were excluded. Followup was for at least three months. Descriptive statistics was performed for all parameters. Chi square test and Fisher's Exact test were used for qualitative variables. For quantitative variables, Mann-Whitney test was used to test median difference and independent samples t-test for mean difference. The p-value ${\leq}0.05$ was considered significant. Results: We analysed 74 patients (34 stented and 40 non-stented). There was no difference in the incidence of urinary leak, anastomotic obstruction, lymphoceles or UTI (p>0.4 for all comparisons). However, mean estimated glomerular filtration rate at sixth day, 14th day, one month and two months were 76.1 vs. 61.5 (p=0.025), 72.1 vs. 56.6 (p=0.005), 79.4 vs. 63.1 (p=0.002) and 82.0 vs. 63.3 (p=0.001) in the stented versus non-stented groups. Conclusions: Placement of ureteral stent in renal transplant does not significantly affect the incidence of early urinary complications or UTI. However, graft function is significantly better in stented recipients, at least in the short term.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2004

This paper presents a new method for finding the Block Pulse series coefficients, deriving the Block Pulse integration operational matrices and generalizing the integration operational matrices which are necessary for the control fields using the Block Pulse functions. In order to apply the Block Pulse function technique to the problems of state estimation or parameter identification more efficiently, it is necessary to find the more exact value of the Block Pulse series coefficients and integral operational matrices. This paper presents the method for improving the accuracy of the Block Pulse series coefficients and derives generalized integration operational matrix and applied the matrix to the analysis of linear time-invariant system.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.855-866
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• 2004

In many surveys, one of the most important goals is to obtain reliable and valid responses from respondents. To achieve the goal, a researcher have to make efforts to protect respondents' confidentiality and to reduce the effects of social desirability on answers. The key question of this paper is whether the position of demographic questions have an effect on responses. Two types of questionnaires are considered: one puts the demographic questions at the beginning and the other does at the last. On both types, I asked only a small number of demographic questions which are considered as essential on analytic purposes. The results show no evidence of position effects when the risk to threat confidentiality was minimized.

• 대기
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.333-342
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• 2006

The long-term trends of global solar irradiance, air temperature, specific humidity and cloudiness measured at King Sejong station, Antarctica, during the period of 1988-2004, have been investigated. A statistically insignificant decrease, -0.21 $Wm^{-2}yr^{-1}$ (-0.26 %$yr^{-1}$, P<0.5) in global solar irradiance was found in an analysis from the time series of the monthly mean values, except for the increasing trends only in two months of January and June. The trends in irradiance are directly and inversely associated with the cloudiness trends in annual and monthly means. The trends in surface air temperature show a slight warming, $0.03^{\circ}Cyr^{-1}$ (1.88 %$yr^{-1}$, P<0.5) on the annual average, with cooling trend in the summer months and the warming in the winter. The exact relationship, if any, between the irradiance and temperature trends is not known. No significant tendency was found in specific humidity for the same periods. Recent (1996-2004) erythermal ultraviolet irradiance shows decreasing trend in annual mean, -0.15 $mWm^{-2}yr^{-1}$ (-1.18 %$yr^{-1}$, P<0.1) which is about five times the trends of global solar irradiance. The ratio of erythermal ultraviolet to global solar irradiance shows remarkable seasonal variations with annual mean value of 0.01 % and a peak in October and November, showing the increase of ultraviolet irradiance resulting from the Antarctic ozone hole. The sensitivity of global solar irradiance to the change in cloudiness is roughly $13%oktas^{-1}$ which is about twice of the value at the South Pole due to the difference in the average surface reflectance between the two stations. Much more sensitive values of $59%oktas^{-1}$ was found for erythermal UV irradiance than for the global solar irradiance.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.429-440
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• 2006

이 연구의 목적은 두 가지로 대별할 수 있다. 첫째는, 베리오그램 모델링에 기초를 둔 정규크리깅 보간법의 p-적응적 유한요소법으로의 적용성이다. 둘째는, 수정된 초수렴 팻취복구 기법을 사용한 사후오차평가기와 연계된 계층적 p-체눈 세분화의 적응적 유한요소 과정을 제시하는 것이다. 가중치를 부여한 보간기법중의 하나인 정규크리깅 방법은 가우스 적분점에서의 응력데이타로 부터 소위 준정해를 얻는데 적용된다. 가중치를 동일하게 가정하는 종래의 보간기법과는 달리 실험적 및 이론적 베리오그램을 작성한 후 보간을 위한 가중치를 결정하게 된다. 한편, 적응적 p-체눈 세분화는 해석영역의 각 체눈에서 p-차수를 만족할만한 정확도를 얻을 수 있도록 프로그램내에서 자동으로 사후오차평가를 통해 불균등 또는 선택적으로 증가시킨다. 수정된 초수렴 팻취복구기법을 검증하기 위해 극한치를 사용한 새로운 오차평가기가 제안된다. 제안된 알고리즘의 정당성은 선형탄성파괴역학의 대표적 문제들인 중앙균열판, 일변균열 및 양변균열 해석을 통해 테스트되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5601-5605
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• 2014

Background: Agrocybe aegerita Lectin (AAL) has been identified to have high affinity for sulfated and ${\alpha}2$-3-linked sialic acid glycoconjugates, especially the sulfated and sialyl TF (Thomsen-Friedenreich) disaccharide. This study was conducted to investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic value of AAL in identifying aberrant glycosylation in colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and Methods: Glycoconjugate expression in 59 CRC tissues were detected using AAL-histochemistry. Clinicopathological associates of expression were analyzed with chisquare test or Fisher's exact test. Relationships between expression and the various clinicopathological parameters was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression models. Results: AAL specific glycoconjugate expression was significantly higher in tumor than corresponding normal tissues (66.1% and 46.1%, respectively, p=0.037), correlating with depth of invasion (p=0.015) and TNM stage (p=0.024). Patients with lower expression levels had a significantly higher survival rate than those with higher expression (p=0.046 by log rank test and p=0.047 by Breslow test for overall survival; p=0.054 by log rank test and P=0.038 by Breslow test for progress free survival). A marginally significant association was found between AAL specific glycoconjugate expression and overall survival by univariate Cox regression analysis (p=0.059). Conclusions: Lower AAL specific glycoconjugate expression is a significant favorable prognostic factor for overall and progress free survival in CRC. This is the first report about the employment of AAL for histochemical analysis of cancer tissues. The binding characteristics of AAL means it has potential to become a powerful tool for the glycan investigation and clinical application.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
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• pp.372-375
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• 2006

The MSC is a high resolution multi-spectral camera system which is mounted on the KOMPSAT-II satellite. The electro-optic camera system has a refocusing mechanism which can be used in-orbit by ground commands. By adjusting locations of some elements in optics, the system can be focused precisely. The focus mechanism in MSC is implemented with stepper motor and potentiometer. By reading the value of the potentiometer, rough position of the motor can be understood. The exact location of the motor can not be acquired because the information from the potentiometer can not be so accurate. However, before and after certain events of the satellite, like a satellite launch, the direction of the movement or order of the magnitude of the movement can be understood. In this paper, the trend analysis of the focus motor position during the ground test phase is introduced. This result can be used as basic information for the focus calibration after launch. By studying the long term trend, deviation from the best focal point can be understood. The positions of the focus motors after launch are also compared.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2013

2012년 4월 11일 총선 당일 이루어진 출구조사에서 정당별 의석수를 구간으로 예측했음에도 불구하고 예측이 빗나갔다. 지상파 3사가 출구조사는 공동으로 실시하였지만 정당별 의석수 예측은 각자 하였다고 하는데 구체적 예측 방법은 공개하지 않았다. 이 논문에서 정당별 지역구 의석수를 구간으로 추정하는 방법을 제안하고 그 성능을 모의실험을 통해 알아보았다. 그리고 제19대 총선 출구조사의 실제자료에 적용해 보았다.