• Title/Summary/Keyword: evaluation of danger

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A Study on the Development of Basic Model for Marine Traffic Assessment Considering the Encounter Type Between Vessels (선박조우 형태를 고려한 해상교통환경평가 기초 모형 개발)

  • Kim, Jong-Sung;Park, Young-Soo;Heo, Tae-Young;Jeong, Jae-Yong;Park, Jin-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.227-233
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    • 2011
  • Korea coastal area is highly potential dangerous zone of marine accident due to frequent ship's encounters. VTS center can't identify ship's information because of beyond VHF range. It is also difficult of us to efficiently manage vessel traffic beyond VTS control area, so that it can't prevent marine accident. Presently, korean government is conducting maritime traffic safety assessment according to enlargement of harbor & development of new port but do not have the system which provide danger of information depending on maritime traffic environment with real time. So it is necessary to develop evaluation index which can assess sea risk through the evaluation of maritime traffic environment. In this paper, on the basis of vessel navigator's risk consciousness, we carried out survey & statistical analysis vessel navigator's subjective risk depending on the LOA, crossing situation($045^{\circ}$, $090^{\circ}$, $135^{\circ}$), overtaking, head-on situation, encountering vessel's side, within or outside harbor, speed with other vessel(ex. same, fast or slow), speed difference with other vessel and distance with other vessel & propose basic expression to develop maritime traffic safety evaluation model. And by using this model, we can confirm that this proposing expression is suitable for domestic maritime traffic environment.

Determination of Risk Indicators for Establishing the Health Evaluation System of Old Trees (노거수의 건강성 평가체계 정립을 위한 위험 지표인자의 검증)

  • Zhang, Zhong-Feng;Xia, Tian-Tian;Kang, Ho-Chul;Kang, Tai-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.46 no.4
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    • pp.49-60
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    • 2018
  • The protection and management of old trees is important in the context of heritage protection and landscape construction. The purpose of this study is to determine the risk indicators of the health evaluation system for the old trees, and to provide methods for the protection and management of the old trees that are at risk. According to the index and weighted values obtained in the previous study the scores can be calculated on a 100-point scale. According to the score, the grades are divided into 5 levels. This study takes the case of a total of 30 old trees, including a Chinese juniper, located in Gyeongju Yangdong village, to evaluate the degree of danger in their actual condition. The results showed that of the Chinese juniper tree is at the healthy level, with the score of about 70, and is therefore in Level C. The trees in Yangdong village at high risk should be improved quickly. The standards set for the 5-level score graph and the establishment of a health evaluation system can reflect the actual situation of the old trees in Yangdong village, so it is both practical and scientific.

A Study on the Marine Traffic Risk Assessment by using Ship Handling Simulator (선박조종 시뮬레이터를 이용한 해상교통 위험도 평가에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Young-Soo;Kim, Jong-Sung;Kim, Chol-Seong;Yong, Jeong-Jae;Lee, Hyong-Ki;Jeong, Eun-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.138-144
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    • 2013
  • Large and small marine accidents which are related to vessel's navigation are happening continuously and these maritime accidents have caused loss of lives and properties, and serious maritime environmental pollution damage. It is also true that maritime pollution damage is increasing due to these accidents, probability of growth of seaborne volume and complicated maritime traffic environment. Korea, recently, is developing an evaluation index which can assess sea risk through the evaluation of maritime traffic environment and provide danger and general information with relation to maritime traffic environment on target sea area to evaluate maritime traffic safety. In this paper, we intend to confirm the validity of maritime traffic safety on the basis of vessel navigator's risk consciousness and various sailing conditions by using the ship handling simulator. To confirm the validity of sailing vessel's maritime traffic safety, we use analysis of variance. By using analysis of variance, we analyze vessel navigator's characteristics, distance, speed and encounter type between vessels. Through multiple comparison of each factor's risk difference, we can confirm the change of numerical value of risk difference in statistical aspect.

Comparison of Bone Mineral Density in Type II Diabetic Patient's and Healthy Elderly Individuals (제2형 당뇨환자와 정상성인의 골밀도 비교)

  • Yoon, Se-Won;Choi, Sug-Ju;Jung, Dae-In;Park, Rae-Joon;Kim, Han-Su;Kim, Kye-Yoep;Kim, Tae-Youl
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 2006
  • Purpose: This study was aimed for service to clinical data of physical therapy necessity of bone complication through analysis method of BMD (bone mineral density) used DEXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) to their skeletal system for physical therapy assesement and intervention program in type II diabetic patients. Methods: Experimental group of 75 subjects and comparison group of 62 subjects were participated in type II diabetic patients(40-80 ages). BMD was measured by DEXA. BMD change of BMI score and BMD comparison of age and sex would be known. Results: This study was found that decreased BMD and increased osteopenea in type II diabetes. In particular, women were lower BMD and higher incidence of osteopenea than men. Men showed significant difference in normal group. Influence of type II diabetes was great on change of BMD in men. however, it showed no significant difference from normal group. Conclusion: it was found that skeletal system complication by type II diabetes had some relations. Because reduction of BMD had a great danger to induce trauma by fall or degenerative disease of system, evaluation of proper physical therapy for its prevention and improvement and intervention program are needed. In addition, it would be important to divide type II diabetic patients into osteopenea and osteoporosis changes of skeletal system at comprehensive aspect of physical therapy.

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Application of Matrices and Risk Assessment of Industries and Processes using DMF (DMF 취급 사업장에 대한 매트릭스 적용 및 위험성 평가 연구)

  • Ha, Kwon Chul;Park, Dong-Uk;Yoon, Chung Sik;Choi, Sang Jun;Lee, Gwang Yong;Paik, Do Hyun;Nam, Tek Hyung;Lee, Jae Hwan;Lee, Jong Keun;Jung, Eun-Kyo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.303-309
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    • 2008
  • The reduction of risk within the workplace has long been focus of attention both through industry initiatives and legislation. Exposure matrices according to industries and processes treated DMF (N,N-Dimethylformamide) were constructed based on KOSHA (Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency)'s 2005 exposure database which were gathered from Korean agencies of workplace hazards evaluation for business place. These exposure matrices were assessed by danger value (DV) that was calculated from combination of hazard rating, duration of use rating, and risk probability rating of exposure to chemical hazardous agents in accordance with Hallmark Risk Assessment Tool. The results of risk assessment is divided four kinds of control bands which were related with control measures. The applicability of risk assessment using exposure matrices was performed by field study and survey for high matrices group. This study found that more attentions should be paid to two industries, manufacture of sewn wearing apparel and manufacture of textiles, among 19 industries, and to 3 processes, coating, processing & mixing, and lab, among 80 processes because those were regarded as having the highest risk.

Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Robust Force Controller for a 6-Link Electro-Hydraulic Manipulator via H$_{\infty}$ Control Theory

  • Ahn, Kyoung-Kwan;Lee, Byung-Ryong;Yang, Soon-Yong
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • v.17 no.7
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    • pp.999-1010
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    • 2003
  • Uninterrupted power supply has become indispensable during the maintenance task of active electric power lines as a result of today's highly information-oriented society and increasing demand of electric utilities. This maintenance task has the risk of electric shock and the danger of falling from high place. Therefore it is necessary to realize an autonomous robot system using electro-hydraulic manipulators because hydraulic manipulators have the advantage of electric insulation and power/mass density. Meanwhile an electro-hydraulic manipulator using hydraulic actuators has many nonlinear elements, and its parameter fluctuations are greater than those of an electrically driven manipulator. So it is relatively difficult to realize not only stable contact work but also accurate force control for the autonomous assembly tasks using hydraulic manipulators. In this paper, the robust force control of a 6-link electro-hydraulic manipulator system used in the real maintenance task of active electric lines is examined in detail. A nominal model for the system is obtained from experimental frequency responses of the system, and the deviation of the manipulator system from the nominal model is derived by a multiplicative uncertainty. Robust disturbance observers for force control are designed using this information in an H$\_$$\infty$/ framework, and implemented on the two different setups. Experimental results show that highly robust force tracking by a 6-link electro-hydraulic manipulator could be achieved even if the stiffness of environment and the shape of wall change.

Evaluation of Slope Stability of Taebaeksan National Park using Detailed Soil Map (정밀토양도를 이용한 태백산국립공원의 사면안정성 평가)

  • Kim, Young-Hwan;Jun, Byong-Hee;Jun, Kye-Won
    • Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.65-72
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    • 2019
  • More than 64% of Korea's land is occupied by mountain regions, which have terrain characteristics that make it vulnerable to mountain disasters. The trails of Taebaeksan Mountain National Park-the region considered in this study-are located in the vicinity of steep slopes, and therefore, the region is vulnerable to landslides and debris flow during heavy storms. In this study, a slope stability model, which is a deterministic analysis method, was used to examine the potential occurrence of landslides. According to the soil classification of the detailed soil map, the specific weight of soil, effective cohesion, internal friction angle of soil, effective soil depth, and ground slope were used as the parameters of the model, and slope stability was evaluated based on the DEM of a 1 m grid. The results of the slope stability analysis showed that the more hazardous the area was, the closer the ratio of groundwater/effective soil depth is to 1.0. Further, many of the private houses and commercial facilities in the lower part of the national park were shown to be exposed to danger.

A Study on the Biotope's Characters of the Mixed Rural City(I) - In the case of Maejuri area in Sunghwan eup, Chonan city - (도농통합형 도시에 있어서 생물서식처 공간특성에 관한 연구(I) - 천안시 성환읍 매주리지역을 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Haeng-Youl;Bang, Kwang-Ja;Lee, Jae-Keun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.78-87
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    • 1999
  • This study was aimed to establish the method and process of the Biotope Mapping System.(B.M.S.) The main aspects of research for biotope were divided by 4 schemes such as biosphere, geosphere, antroposphere and evaluation informations. The cartographic function of GIS(geographic information system) was also used to mapping them. The B.M.S. had been progressed with 5 steps : (1) making research goals, (2) constructing the graphic and attribute databases, (3) classifying 3 types of biotope such as tree/shrub biotop, grass biotop and wetland biotop. (4) cross-analyzing biotope types against land use, habitat characters, relief characters and danger/disturbance elements, (5) evaluating the biotope's potentialities. Only 3 steps of them were done in this study. The results of applicating the B.M.S on the research site as followings : 1. The interdisciplinary researches were needed to develop the B.M.S in Korea since ecological habitat conditions of Germany, England are differed from them of Korea. 2. The distributions of the land uses in Maejuri, Seunghwan eup in Chonan city were mainly recorded by forest(29.82%), orchard(14.11%) and landscaping around building site(9.05%). 3. The percentages of the Tree/Shrub Biotope type were ranged by the orchard type(23.8%), natural and artificial deciduous type with natural coniferous(23.6%) and etc. 4. The Grass Biotope type was mainly recorded by the wild grassland type(27.99%), garden type(14.21%) and peddy field with wild grassland(13.24%). 5. The distributions of the wetland were pointed high at the wetland type with reed marsh and edge vegetation around wetland(54.79%) and etc.

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Qualitative RBI Analysis in Considered with Uncertain Variables by Probabilistic Distribution (확률분포에 따른 불확실한 변수를 고려한 위험도기반의 정성적 평가)

  • Heo, Ho-Jin;Jeong, Jae-Uk;Kim, Joo-Dong;Choi, Jae-Boong;Choi, Song-Chun;Hwang, In-Ju
    • Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.70-78
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    • 2013
  • Plants which are having conditions of high temperature and pressure always are exposed to danger. In order to prevent unexpected accidents, safety management that can effectively and appropriately examine facilities is required in plant operation. RBI(Risk-Based Inspection) technology in API 581 is one of standard management technique for evaluating risk on petroleum plants. There are qualitative and quantitative assessments in RBI methodology. Quantitative evaluation step is complex and required much information, so high-risk facilities in plant are selected firstly by qualitative method. Qualitative RBI is performed by choosing the answer in prepared questionnaire. However, it is difficult to believe thoroughly results from survey including ambiguous information. In this study, the procedure of qualitative RBI analysis with considering probability distribution concept were proposed by using Monte Carlo simulation method in order to increase reliability in spite of uncertain factors. In addition, qualitative risk of cooling system for LNG plant was evaluated using proposed procedure. Although 20 items of total 39 assessment items are applied to uncertain factors, risk section of high probability(89%) were verified. The detailed results were described in manuscript.

The development for flooding prevention apparatus of electrical equipment using air pressure (공기압을 이용한 전기설비 침수 방지 장치 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Gi-Hyun;Jean, Hyun-Jae;Lee, Sang-Ick;Bae, Suk-Myong;Lee, Jae-Yong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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    • 2008.05a
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    • pp.281-284
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    • 2008
  • Inundation of substation and ground power equipment breaks out every summer season in low-lying downtown and low-lying shore by localized heavy rain, typhoon and tidal wave. In case inundation excluding the exchanging cost of equipment, it occurs a great economic and social loss owing to recovery time and events of electric shock occur by inundation electrical equipment(Pad-mounted Transformer and Switch). In case of installing the power equipment at flood danger territory, we are necessary to the product development, the product is that water does not come in the inside the power equipment. Product of pressure maintaining are established on the basic frame and sensor operates at the flooding occurrence and is maintained a shutting tightly structure and it is a method. The product which is produced the reliability of the product it confirmed a flooding yes or no from the condition which puts in the water tank and it verified. We estimate that loss cost which is caused by with flooding and the power failure will be diminished if it is addition to advances the reliability evaluation and a security of the flood protection product.

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