• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.175-189
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• 2017

Science and technologies develop rapidly and in conditions where it is difficult to predict both domestically and abroad, the rapidly changing business environment demands innovation. To strengthen the businesses' competitive edge, the key challenge is not to control but rather grant autonomy, allowing it to anticipate the future and actively deal with. This will allow to train and manage talented people with competence and abilities, which all links to the concept of the Super Leadership. Currently, our society is in the change due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution wave and paradigm related with high-tech industry, hence is in desperate need for creativeness and speed management. It is a time where risk and challenges coexist and is not a standardized environment. Businesses must make efforts in managing human resources and allow them to have leaderships compatible with the current era, giving them opportunities to face challenges. The necessity for Super Leadership is emphasized especially in the industry-orientated era, where new revolutionary technologies are emerging and existing technologies are being advanced and maximized, to cultivate the potentials of the members and secure competitive superiority for the best management and creation. Therefore, in this research, the empirical analysis of the relationship between Super Leadership of small and medium enterprises and the business outcome was conducted. Research outcome states that, in order to create a sustainable business outcome, enterprises need to invest more in developing leaderships and in accordance with it, promote talent. In order to survive and sustain growth in the period of endless competition like today, it is concluded that it is imperative to establish a powerful Super Leadership that will endeavor to engage and maximize the competence of members of the organization.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.133-142
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to verify whether the entrepreneurial capacity indicator utilized by the pre - founder can predict the start-up's performances in advance. The questionnaire for this study was measured at a single point in food, clothing, cosmetics, and coffee industries, which account for more than 50% of self-employment in korean economy. A total of 1,600 questionnaires were distributed and retrieved. And the final results were obtained through regression analysis. The empirical results show that the entrepreneurial capability index was related to the entrepreneurial performances. In particular, job satisfaction was found to be significant, but some significant results were found in the detailed indicators of financial aspect, and the significance was confirmed in terms of the necessity of further research among the entrepreneurial competency indicators composed of single indicators. From the policy point of view, it was suggested that entrepreneurial capability index can be a good tool to increase the entrepreneurial performance of the entrepreneur. In particular, it was confirmed that personal characteristics, entrepreneurial knowledge, entrepreneurial execution capacity, and external environment items were closely related to job satisfaction among measured competency indicators. Self-employed businesses, such as cosmetics and food, ware based on their own know-how and technology, and therefore, they were more likely to be influenced by their ability to run and business environment than others.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.25-42
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of internal competence of small business on the competitive advantage and start-up intention. Through this, which key competence of small business can be proposed for market growth against of large companies that have a great capital power. Also, implications for development direction can be suggested. For this purpose, technology capability, financing capability, marketing capability, and product/service differentiation capability factors were set as independent variables, as well as competitive advantage as a mediating factor, and startup intention to be franchiser as a dependent variable. For the analysis, a structured questionnaires survey was conducted to 276 domestic small business in capital area. The main results are as follows. First, in relation to the internal competency and the competitive advantage of small businesses, it was found that technological capabilities, financing capabilities and product (service) differentiation have a positive effect on competitive advantage. Second, the relationship between the internal capacity of a small entity and startup intention to commercialize a franchiser business indicates that its financing capacity and marketing capabilities have a positive effect on startup intention to commercialize the business, and that competitive advantage has a significant effect on startup intention to commercialize the franchise. Third, competitive advantage was found to mediate the relationship between internal competency and startup intention. Finally, it was shown that the internal capacity of a small business has a regulating effect in relation to its financing capacity, marketing capabilities and startup intention to commercialize the franchise, and that it also had a regulating effect in relation to its relationship with its competitive advantage and franchise suitability. Based on the above results, if small business can take competitive advantage in the market, they also consider startup intention to commercialize a franchiser, in addition, it is expected that one suggestion can be made from an internal capacity perspective required more emphasis on operations and management as an alternative to expanding small businesses' business, including market access measures that can be linked to internal capacity factors of small businesses.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.452-466
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• 2015

The study analyzed the result of a survey on educational programs after the provision of professional development education in textile-based industries, with the aim of suggesting a method of evaluating professional development education, by shedding new light on the educational contents and environment required by industries and on the components required to strengthen competence based on an evaluation of the outcomes of such educational programs. Methods of analysis included frequency & average analysis, ANOVA and portfolio analysis, and a questionnaire containing seven questions on satisfaction with 'educational contents,' six questions on satisfaction with 'educational environment,' three questions on educational effect and questions on overall satisfaction with education was used as an analysis tool. Data used in the analysis was obtained through a survey of the attendants of lectures given from January 2014 to September 2014, and the respondents included 30 persons enrolled in CEO courses, 167 persons enrolled in employment courses and 101 persons enrolled in employment & start-up business courses. The results of the research are as follows. 1. Looking at frequency distribution by educational course, it was shown, from highest to lowest, to be Incumbent Courses (167 persons, 56%), Employment & Start-up Courses (101 persons, 33.9%) and CEO Courses (30 persons, 10.1%). Looking at average analysis by question, the value of most questions on Employment & Start-up Courses turned out to be lower than Employment Courses and CEO Courses. 2. Through a variance analysis on questions related to educational courses (Employment & Start-up Course, Incumbent Course & CEO Course) and post-verification, it turned out that Employment Course is in the same group as the CEO Course in most questions, and that Employment & Start-up Course was a separate group. 3. Overall satisfaction with education turned out to be as high, at 4.1 out of 5. 4. Through a portfolio analysis on educational courses, it was found that 'Overall Satisfaction with Educational Contents,' 'Usefulness of Educational Contents,' 'Overall Satisfaction with Educational Environment' and 'Quality and Ability of Instructors' were included in areas of recommendation.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.165-170
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• 2018

In this research, we analyzed the foundation infrastructure of college and the entrepreneurial abilities, attitudes and entrepreneurial intention of students. This aim is to provide differentiated entrepreneurial education methodology of colleges different from general universities. First, in order to grasp the entrepreneurial infrastructure of the college, we conducted an interview with the person in charge and evaluated it based on the criteria presented at the Foundation Promotion Agency. Secondly, we conducted a questionnaire survey for students of colleges and analyzed entrepreneurial ability, entrepreneurial attitudes, and entrepreneurial intentions. As a result, the following suggestions were derived. As colleges have a shorter period than general universities, it is impossible to prepare the same infrastructure with 4 year universities, so differentiated infrastructure standards should be presented. It is lower than the competence and attitude of the student's foundation. Therefore, in the course of education, we must seek methods that can increase the degree of establishment through comparative processes such as educational curriculum and founding circle, which are practical and not theoretical contents.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.133-147
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• 2011

This study presents the credit evaluation model for medical venture business which has been growing within the recent decade. We develop the model with two steps. At the first step, the evaluation indexes for each of the financial and non-financial factors of a firm are listed. At the second step, the weight for each index is measured by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process of Saaty(1980). The financial factors consists of 5 upper level indexes and 10 lower level indexes. The upper level indexes of the financial sector are profitability, safety, utilization, growth, and productivity. And the non-financial factors consists of 5 upper level indexes and 17 lower lever indexes. The upper level indexes in this sector are manager's competence, technical capability, marketability, business validity, and reliability. In order to get the empirical results for our model, we conduct the questionnaire survey targeting the credit assessment officers, who are practicing at the financial institutions or the credit guarantee company located within the Wonju Medical Devices Cluster.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.107-119
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• 2015

Recently, middle and low social class entered in the upper class for the specific reasons and joined reference group in order to present demonstration effect. This phenomenon was assumed the consumer's desire for housing estate not from the leisure class. The superiority which feels belong to reference group, that was able to purchase high price product and the competence which can afford a high price goods are effective in housing estate. The study had been researched for Veblen effect according to residence estate. The partial least squares path modeling was used for Veblen effect affected by various psychological attributes, housing patterns and demographics for analysis. As a result, the conspicuous consumption from tenants was higher than residents, the social face sensitivity affected positively for self esteem and housing pattern, therefore, it caused conspicuous consumption. Moreover, we found conspicuous consumption had been increased followed by more spacious housing and higher income.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.123-127
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• 2020

4차산업 이래 급변하는 산업환경과 경기악화로 인해 청년실업율이 지속적 사회문제로 부상하고 있으며, 산업구조 변화로 사회에서 요구하는 진로역량에 영향도 변화하고 있다. 이에 일자리창출의 새로운 동력원으로 창업에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있는데다 대학 창업교육은 양적 성장세를 이어 왔고, 더불어 주요 창업지원성과라 볼 수 있는 창업자수·고용인원수·매출액 성과도 상승세를 보이고 있다. 그러나 대학 창업교육이 어떠한 질적 성장을 이루고 있는지에 대해서는 의견이 분분할 것이다. 창업교육은 주로 국내 교육 및 해외교육 현황이나 일부 역량관점으로 대학 창업교육을 다루는 선행연구가 있으나 아직 역량관점에서의 창업교육에 대한 연구는 도입단계로 다양한 시도가 이루어 지고 있다. 대학에서는 실질적인 창업지원 성과가 증가하고 있음에도 창업교육과의 관계를 밝히는 연구 또한 충분치 않은 상황이다. 이러한 점들을 반영한다면 사회 변화와 요구에 따라 창업교육의 양적성장에 이은 질적 고도화를 위한 다각적 연구가 필요한 시점이라 할 수 있겠다. 창업교육의 질적 측면에서 살펴보자면 유럽에서는 수년간 광범위한 연구를 통해 기업가정신역량을 국민의 전생애역량으로 인식하고 평생교육에 적용해 오고 있는 반면, 국내에서는 대학 별로 3~5단계 내외의 교육체계를 세우고 창의성을 높이기 위한 디자인씽킹이나 캡스톤디자인식 등의 창업교과목과 같은 시도가 증가하고 있다. 기업가정신에 대한 교육도 다소 증가하고는 있으나 주로 창업스킬 중심의 교육으로 편중되는 현상을 보이고 있다. 대학은 창업교육을 통해 사업가도 중요하지만 무엇보다 기업가를 육성해야 하는 기관이다. 그러므로 대학별 특성에 따른 교육체계의 다양성에 더하여 이제는 국내 대학 창업교육의 체계성을 높이기 위한 통합적인 접근 또한 필요한 시점이라 본다. 이에 본 연구에서는 역량관점으로 창업교육 현황을 파악하고 실질적인 창업지원성과 간 관계를 밝혀 창업교육 고도화를 위한 방향성을 제시하고자 한다. 기업가정신역량(Entrepreneurship Competence) 개념을 기반으로 4년제 창업선도대학의 역량별 창업교육 현황을 파악하고, 대학정보공시자료를 활용하여 기업가정신역량기반 창업교육과 지원성과 간 연관성을 밝혀 지원체계 개선방안을 제안한다. 이러한 연구결과는 창업교육 지원체계를 고도화 함에 더하여 대학에서의 기업가정신역량기반 창업교육을 통하여 대학생의 기업가정신역량을 제고시킴으로써 실질적인 창업지원성과를 높이고, 사회의 한 구성원으로써 사명감을 가지는 바람직한 기업가를 발굴하고 육성함에 있어 좀 더 명확한 방향성을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.71-85
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• 2021

Representative domestic start-up support organizations include the Business Incubator(BI), Korea Institute of Startup & Entrepreneurship Development(KISED), Techno Park(TP), and Center of Creative Economy Innovation(CCEI), and there are about 260 Business incubator nationwide. The Business incubator is operated by universities, research institutes, and private foundations or associations. The organization consists of the center director and the incubating professionals (hereinafter referred to as "manager"), etc., and performs tasks such as center operation management and incubation support services for tenant companies. Until now, research on the operation of Business Incubator has been mainly focused on the performance of tenant companies. Studies on whether the manager's competency characteristics directly or indirectly affect the performance of the tenant companies through psychological mediators such as self-efficacy and organizational commitment were very scarce. The purpose of this study is to explore various factors influencing organizational commitment and job performance by the competence characteristics of Business incubator managers, and to explain the causal relationship among those factors. In particular, the difference in perception was investigated by a manager's survey that influences organizational commitment and work performance at the Business incubator. Through this, we intend to present practical implications for the role of managers in the operation of Business incubators. This study is an exploratory study, and the subject of the study was a survey of about 600 managers working at Business incubator nationwide, of which 116 responses were analyzed. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and reliability. Structural equation model analysis was performed for hypothesis tests. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the cognitive characteristics of the Business incubator manager, communication, and situational response as the behavioral characteristics had a positive effect on the manager's self-efficacy, and the behavioral characteristics had a greater effect on the self-efficacy. It was also found that the manager's cognitive and behavioral characteristics, and self-efficacy had a positive effect on organizational commitment and work performance. In particular, a manager's self-efficacy has a positive effect on organizational commitment and work performance. This result showed that the manager's competency characteristics increase the manager's self-efficacy as a mediating factor rather than directly affecting organizational commitment and work performance. This study explains that the manager's competency characteristics are transferred to organizational commitment and work performance. The results of the study are expected to reflect the job standard of the National Competency Standards (NCS) and basic vocational competency to the job competency of managers, and it also provides a guideline for the effective business incubator operation in terms of human resource management. In practice, it is expected that the results of the study can reflect the vocational basic skills of the Business Incubator manager's job competency in the National Competency Standards(NCS) section, and suggest directions for the operation of the Business Incubator and the manager's education and training.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.17-29
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• 2021

Recently, as social distancing have been raised due to the re-spread of COVID-19, the number of serial entrepreneurs who are closing their business is rapidly increasing. Learning from failure is a source of success, but business failure can result in psychological and economic losses and negative emotions of the serial entrepreneur. At this point, it is very important to find a way to recover the negative emotions caused by business failures of serial entrepreneurs. Recently, a strategic model has emerged to deal with the negative emotions of grief caused by business failures of serial entrepreneurs. This study identified the recovery factors from the grief of business failures of serial entrepreneurs and analyzed Shepherd's(2003) three areas: loss orientation, restoration orientation, and dual process. To this end, individual in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 small business serial entrepreneurs who challenged re-startup to identify the attributes of recovery factors that were not identified with quantitative data. As a result of the study, first, recovery factors were investigated in three areas: individual orientation, family orientation, and network orientation. It was found to help improve recovery in nine categories: self-esteem, persistence, personal competence, hobbies, self-confidence, family support, networks, religion, and social support. Second, recovery obstacle factors were investigated in three areas: psychological, economic, and environmental factors. Nine categories including family, health, social network, business partner, competitor, partner, fund, external environment, and government policy were found to persist negative emotions. Third, the emotional processing process for grief was investigated in three areas: loss orientation, restoration orientation, and dual process. Ten categories such as family, partner support, social member support, government support, hobbies, networks, change of business field, moving, third-party perspective, and meditation were confirmed to enhance rapid recovery in the emotional processing process for grief. The implications of this study are as follows. The process of recovering from the grief caused by business failures of serial entrepreneurs was attempted by a qualitative study. By extending the theory of Shepherd(2003), This study can be applied to help with recovery research. In addition, conceptual models and propositions for future empirical research were presented, which can be discussed in carious academic ways.