• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.1185-1190
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• 2009

Korea is an industrial country that overspends energy and has a policy that is more focused on a supply side. When an urban developmental program is to set up, surveys are carried out only with the respect to electricity, telecommunication, gas, and heating sources. Based on the existing survey results, the problems related to the supply side are being dealt with more importantly and the quantities of those supplies are estimated only by each energy source. The aim of this study is to provide basic information on energy consumption patterns of a diverse comsumer groups including industry, transportation, commerce, public and household to plan diverse energy policies. Through this basic information, it may be possible to analyze the energy consumption pattern by each consumer group and provide data for setting up efficient energy policies by the government. The energy consumption map that are analyzed and developed by the data obtained from Busan municipal area will be deposited and used as a part of the national energy statistics.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.322-326
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• 2008

This paper presents an estimation method of small hydro power(SHP) potential using a SHP resource map. As a basic unit of SHP energy potential at a certain area, capacity and annual energy production of unit head was calculated from the catchment area given by a SHP resource map which was established by numerical hydrologic simulation so that a logical and relatively accurate potential estimation was possible comparing with the performance analysis model for SHP sites. The performance characteristics for Samok-Ri site were analyzed, using the SHP resource map and the developed model. It was found that the SHP resource map and the developed model is useful tool to estimate SHP potential.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.71-80
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• 2004

This paper describes embedded processor architecture design which is applicable to multimedia in mobile platform The main description is based on basic processor architecture and consideration about energy efficiency when used in mobile platform To design processor data path architecture (pipeline, branch prediction, multiple issue superscalar, function unit number) which is optimal to multimedia application and cache hierarchy and its structure, we have nut the simulation with variant architecture using MPEG4 test bench as multimedia application. We analyzed energy efficiency of architecture to check if it is applicable to mobile platform and decide basic processor architecture based on analysis result. The suggested basic processor architecture not only can be applied to mobile platform but also can be applied to basic processor architecture of configurable processor which is designed through automatic design environment.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2019

The recent climate change is exacerbating the external thermal environment and increasing the amount of energy used in building. Energy Plus was used to evaluate low energy technology performance of buildings responding to climate change. The test types of basic building(control) and evaporative mist system + basic building(EMS), and the analysis results of each type are compared. Energy performance evaluation result, Cooling peak load were EMS reduction compared to control is about 9%. Annual cooling load per unit area were EMS reduction compared to control is about 17%. Annual energy use per unit area were EMS reduction compared to control is about 10%. Therefore, the effect of the evaporative cooling system is considered to be good through energy reduction technology of building, according to the amount and distance of the evaporative mist system in the future research on building energy performance evaluation should be carried out.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to define the content of requisite human structure and function knowledge needed for clinical knowledge of nursing practice. Subjects of human structure and function were divided into 10 units, and each unit was further divided into 21 subunits, resulting in a total of 90 items. Contents of knowledge of human structure and function were constructed from syllabus of basic nursing subjects in 4 college of nursing, and textbooks published by nurse scholars prepared with basic nursing sciences. The degree of need of 90 items was measured with a 4 point scale. The subjects of this study were college graduated 136 nurses from seven university hospitals in Seoul and three university hospitals located in Chonnam Province, Kyungbook Province, and Inchon. They have been working at internal medicine ward, surgical ward, intensive care unit, obstetrics and gynecology ward, pediatrics ward, opthalmology ward, ear, nose, and throat ward, emergency room, rehabilitation ward, cancer ward, hospice ward, and their working period was mostly under 5 years. The results were as follows: 1. The highest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice were electrolyte balance, blood clotting mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, hematopoietic function, body fluid balance, function of plasma, and anatomical terminology in the order of importance. The lowest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice was sexual factors of genetic mutation. 2. The highest order of need according to unit was membrane transport in the living unit, anatomical terminology in movement and exercise unit, mechanism of hormone function in regulation and integration unit, component and function of blood in oxygenation function unit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive and energy metabolism unit, temperature regulation in temperature regulation unit electrolyte balance in body fluid and electrolyte unit, concept of immunity in body resistance unit, and genetics terminology in genetics unit. The highest order of importance according to subunit was membrane transportation in cell subunit, classification of tissues in tissue unit, function of skin and skin in skin subunit, anatomical derivatives of the skeleton subunit, classification of joints in joint subunit, an effect of exercise on muscles in muscle subunit, function of brain in nervous system subunit, special sense in sensory subunit mechanism of hormone function in endocrine subunit, structure and function of female reproductive system in reproductive system unit, structure and function of blood in blood unit, structure of heart, electrical and mechanical function in cardiovascular system unit, structure of respiratory system in respiratory system subunit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive system subunit, hormonal regulation of metabolism in nutrition and metabolism subunit, function of kidney in urologic system subunit, electolyte balance in body fluid, electolyte and acid-base balance subunit. 3. The common content of human structure and function knowledge need for all clinical areas in nursing was structure and function of blood, hematopoietic function, function of plasm, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, body fluid, electrolyte balance, and acid-base balance. However, the degree of need of each human structure and function knowledge was different depending on clinical areas. 4. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as skin and derivatives of the skin, growth and development of bone, classification of joint, classification of muscle, structure of muscle, function of muscle, function of spinal cord, peripheral nerve, structure and function of pancrease, component and function of blood, function of plasma, structure and function of blood, hemodynamics, respiratory dynamics, gas transport, regulation of respiration, chemical digestion of foods, absorption of foods, characteristics of nutrients, metabolism and hormonal regulation, body energy balance were demonstrated according to the duration of work. 5. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as classification of tissue, classification of muscles, function of muscles, muscle metabolism, classification of skeletal muscles, classification of nervous system, neurotransmitters, mechanism of hormone function, pituitary and pituitary hormone, structure and function of male reproductive organ, structure and function of female reproductive organ, component and function of blood, function of plasma, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, gas exchange, gas transport, regulation of respiration, characteristics of nutrients, energy balance, function of kidney, concept of immunity, classification and function of immunity were shown according to the work area. Based on these findings, all the 90 items constructed by Korean Academic Society of Basic Nursing Science should be included as contents of human structure and function knowledge.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.63-70
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• 2011

In respond to the global energy crisis and climate change, there have been many ongoing national efforts to develop a sustainable housing prototype followed by "2 million Green Home Project" in Korea. More than 50% of nation's population are currently living in apartment housing thus the country is seriously in need of developing green apartment prototype. In this research, we focused on energy-conservative green apartment design prototype that have both passive components and active systems explored in a systemic design approach. After selecting an existing basic apartment unit, we analyzed and compared statistical data with the simulated annual energy consumption to match these two data sets for validating simulation accuracy performed with TRNSYS package. We performed energy simulations with different passive design factors such as varied insulation thickness, window types and infiltration rates as well as the active design factors including boilers and lighting fixtures to analyze their impacts on the energy performance of the housing unit using TRNSYS software. As a result, we acquired significant energy reduction effect with explored design strategies but the life cycle cost analysis for the final design guidline would need to be performed. In this study, we focused on a systematic comparative energy analysis based on TRNSYS that can improve the design of a green apartment housing.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.149-156
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• 2016

This paper surveyed and analyzed cases of DB development overseas to set the range of DB to be developed for analyzing energy-saving policies in the domestic transportation sector. The foregoing prerequisites were used to establish system for classification in the broad scale under which system for classification in detail indicators that suit one in the broader indicators was set based on analysis of domestic / overseas cases to determine DB development range in the transportation sector required to analysis domestic energy-saving policies. Accordingly, six items subject to the broadest classification were determined, i.e. energy consumption, energy basic unit, emissions of greenhouse gas, economic indicators, transportation volume / transportation records and basic automobile data. Large classification and sub-items determined by surveying expert opinions were set and proposed as DB classification indicators.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.171-178
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• 2006

Decommissioning cost estimation is a very important technique in designing and planning of nuclear facilities' decommissioning. Decommissioning cost estimation should be made according to the phases of decommissioning activities and installed components of nuclear facilities. In this paper, the basic framework necessary for decommissioning cost estimation is completed so that it could be used as a technique for decommissioning costs estimation by specifying cost items and group components and unit cost factors on which work time is calculated. Also, factors to be considered for decommissioning cost estimation of major activities and tasks are reviewed. Afterwards, these techniques will be utilized as a basic technology to establish methodology of decommissioning cost estimation and evaluation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.128-131
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• 2013

Energy losses through windows and doors are big problems in the construction industry. For glass only, it has takes the largest portion of mass from window assembly and it responsible for 24 ~ 45% of energy loss from total building energy loss. Insulating glass unit should maintain their basic functions during their working life in order to contribute positively for global warming issue. There have been many research works for improving insulating glass unit durability. But it is not easy job to fulfill the requirements because insulating glass units composed of many components. So, overall it is required to have right qualify control procedures starting from material selection to fabrication, shipping and installation to the customer site. In this report, we have reviewed the durability of insulating glass unit made from different grades of sealing materials based on globally accepted industry codes such as EN1279. ASTM E 2190 and Locally available code. KS L 2003. The result showed that there is a relationship between the mechanical properties of insulating glass 2nd sealant and the durability of the units.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.73-85
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• 2015

With 12 environmental basic facilities (EBF) in Busan, each business place's present situation of the operation of new and renewable energy as well as the feasibility to establish additional systems of utilizing solar energy (photovoltaic power generation system [PPGS] and solar heating system [SHS]) were investigated. Currently, with the environmental basic facilities, the new and renewable energies (such as, waste heat, biogas, PPGS, SHS, and small hydro power) can produce 195 GWh per year as electric power unit. Among the energy sources, except waste heat, biogas (154 GWh/yr) appears as the highest. Next, PPGS is the second most widely used system and produces 5,560 MWh/yr at 11 business places. Through a field survey, it appears that 19 business places of total 27 places at 12 EBFs have good locational conditions and they need an introduction of PPGS. Through it, it is investigated that it would be possible to produce 5,311 MWh/yr and to reduce $2,348tCO_2/yr$. And, it is identified that SHS can be additionally introduced in only 4 EBFs. This can reduce energy cost as much as one ten million won/yr and green-house gas as much as $28tCO_2/yr$. A cost-benefic analysis shows that the use of governmental support or private investment can be the most efficient way, when PPGS and SHS are introduced in EBFs.