• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.133-145
• /
• 2017

Palm oil production is among the highest worldwide, and it has been mainly used in the food industry and other commodities. Currently, a lot of palm oil production has been destined for the synthesis of biodiesel; however, its use in applications other than the food industry has been questioned. Thereby for a sustainable development, in this paper the use of palm oil of low quality for corrosion inhibitors synthesis is proposed. The performance of the synthesized inhibitors was evaluated by using electrochemical techniques such as open circuit potential measurements, linear polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results indicate that the fatty amides from palm oil are excellent corrosion inhibitors with protection efficiencies greater than 98%. Fatty amides molecules act as cathodic inhibitors decreasing the anodic dissolution of iron. When fatty amides are added, a rapid decrease in the corrosion rate occurs due to the rapid formation of a molecular film onto carbon steel surface. During the adsorption process of the inhibitor a self-organization of the hydrocarbon chains takes place forming a tightly packed hydrophobic film. These results demonstrate that the use of palm oil for the production of green inhibitors promises to be an excellent alternative for a sustainable use of the palm oil production.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2017

Electrochemical conversion of $CO_2$ and production of $H_2$ were attempted on a three-dimensionally ordered, porous metal organic framework (MOF-74) in which transition metals (Co, Ni, and Zn) were impregnated. A lab-scale proton exchange membrane-based electrolyzer was fabricated and used for the reduction of $CO_2$. Real-time gas chromatography enabled the instantaneous measurement of the amount of carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced. Comprehensive calculations, based on electrochemical measurements and gaseous product analysis, presented a time-dependent selectivity of the produced gases. M-MOF-74 samples with different central metals were successfully obtained because of the simple synthetic process. It was revealed that Co- and Ni-MOF-74 selectively produce hydrogen gas, while Zn-MOF-74 successfully generates a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The results indicated that M-MOF-74 can be used as an electrocatalyst to selectively convert $CO_2$ into useful chemicals.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.163-173
• /
• 2020

Cavitation corrosion in many industrial plants has recently become a serious issue. Cavitation corrosion has generally been investigated using a vibratory method based on ASTM G32 standard, and the test can be divided into direct cavitation and indirect cavitation. Cavitation corrosion test uses the vibration frequency of the horn of 20 kHz with constant peak-to-peak displacement amplitude. In this work, the peak-to-peak amplitude was controlled from 15 ㎛ to 85 ㎛, and electrochemical measurements were obtained during indirect cavitation. The relationship between cavitation corrosion rate and electrochemical properties was discussed. Corrosion steps of carbon steel at the initial stage under cavitation condition in 3.5 % NaCl can be proposed. When the cavitation strength is relatively low, corrosion of the steel is more affected by the electrochemical process than by the mechanical process; but when the cavitation strength is relatively high, corrosion of the steel is affected more by the mechanical process than by the electrochemical process. This work confirmed that the critical ultrasonic amplitude of 0.42 %C carbon steel is 53.8 ㎛, and when the amplitude is less than 53.8 ㎛, the corrosion effect during the cavitation corrosion process is higher than the mechanical effect.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.60-68
• /
• 2018

In aqueous rechargeable lithium ion batteries, $LiV_3O_8$ exhibits obviously enhanced electrochemical performance after $AlF_3$ surface modification owing to improved surface stability to fragile aqueous electrolyte. The cycle life of $LiV_3O_8$ is significantly enhanced by the presence of an $AlF_3$ coating at an optimal content of 1 wt.%. The results of powder X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements confirm that the electrochemical improvement can be attributed mainly to the presence of $AlF_3$ on the surface of $LiV_3O_8$. Furthermore, the $AlF_3$ coating significantly reduces vanadium ion dissolution and surface failure by stabilizing the surface of the $LiV_3O_8$ in an aqueous electrolyte solution. The results suggest that the $AlF_3$ coating can prevent the formation of unfavorable side reaction components and facilitate lithium ion diffusion, leading to reduced surface resistance and improved surface stability compared to bare $LiV_3O_8$ and affording enhanced electrochemical performance in aqueous electrolyte solutions.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.177-185
• /
• 2022

Electrochemical properties of LiMn₂O₄ cathode were investigated in three types of Zn-containing electrolytes: lithium-zinc sulfate electrolyte (1M ZnSO₄ / 2M Li₂SO₄), zinc sulfate electrolyte (2MZnSO₄) and lithium-zinc-manganese sulfate electrolyte (1MZnSO₄ / 2MLi₂SO₄ / 0.1MMnSO₄). Cyclic voltammetry measurements demonstrated that LiMn₂O₄ is electrochemically inactive in pure ZnSO₄ electrolyte after initial oxidation. The effect of manganese (II) additive in the zinc-manganese sulfate electrolyte on the electrochemical performance was analyzed. The initial capacity of LiMn₂O₄ is higher in presence of MnSO₄ (140 mAh g^-1 in 1 M ZnSO₄ / 2 M Li₂SO₄ / 0.1 M MnSO₄ and 120 mAh g^-1 in 1 M ZnSO₄ / 2MLi₂SO₄). The capacity increase can be explained by the electrodeposition of MnO_x layer on the electrode surface. Structural characterization of postmortem electrodes with use of XRD and EDX analysis confirmed that partially formed in pure ZnSO₄ electrolyte Zn-containing phase leads to fast capacity fading which is probably related to blocked electroactive sites.

• 전기화학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.113-118
• /
• 2003

폴리아닐린 분말과 고분자 계면활성제, cyclohexanone용매를 micro-milling장치내에서 분산시켜 (m입자 크기를 갖는 가공용이한 분산액을 제조하였다. 분산액을 백금 전극 위에 코팅하여 얻은 분산박막의 전기화학적 특성들은 순환전압전류법(CV)을 이용하여 조사하였다. CV의 결과에 의하면 폴리아닐린 분산박막이 순수한 폴리아닐린 박막과 유사한 전기화학적 특성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. $3wt.\%$ NaCl용액에서 수행한 분극실험과 열린회로전위 측정 실험에서는 PANI분산액을 철표면에 코팅하면 부식전위가 증가하였다. 분산박막/철 전극의 열린회로전위값(OCP, Voc)이 분산액의 제조 조건에 따라 변화가 있음을 관찰하였다. 이러한 결과들은 본 연구에서 사용한 전도성 고분자 분산액이 철의 부식방지코팅물질로서 유용성을 갖고 있다는 것을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국항해항만학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.73.2-77
• /
• 2000

해수의 산소요구량(COD; Chemical Oxygen Demand)을 수정진동자로 측정할 수 있는 지의 가능성을 검증하기 위하여 글루코오스 용액에서의 수정진동자의 전기화학적 특성을 조상하였다. 산소요구량을 측정하기 위해서 수정진동자의 표면이 산화되어야 하므로 상대적으로 활성이 있는 금속을 9 MHzAT형 수정진동자의 표면에 코팅하고 일정한 전위를 가할 때 전류와 공진저항의 변화를 조사함으로서 수정진동자의 전기화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 수정진동자는 특별히 제작된 용기에 설치하였고 수정진동자 분석기가 공진주파수와 공진저항의 동시 측정에 사용되었다. 글루코오스의 농도 변화에 따른 측정치의 변화를 관찰하여 농도와 전기화학적 특성의 상관관계를 추적하였다. 이러한 특성조사의 결과 글루코오스 농도가 900 ppm 이하에서는 표준전극 기준 -180mV의 전위가 가해질 때 농도와 초기 최대전류 사이에 직선관계가 있음을 알 수 있었고 이를 이용하면 해수 중 글루코오스 농도를 측정할 수 있으며 글루코오스 농도와 화학적 산소 요구량 사이에 직접적인 관계가 있음을 고려할 때 수정진동자를 이용한 화학적 산소요구량의 측정이 가능함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.206-214
• /
• 2017

SnS films have been prepared by electrodeposition technique onto Cu and ITO substrates using acidic solutions containing tin chloride and sodium thiosulfate with sodium citrate as an additive. The effects of sodium citrate on the electrochemical behavior of electrolyte bath containing tin chloride and sodium thiosulfate were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques. Deposited films were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, optical, photoelectrochemical, and electrical measurements. XRD data showed that deposited SnS with sodium citrate on both substrates were polycrystalline with orthorhombic structures and preferential orientations along (111) directions. However, SnS films with sodium citrate on Cu substrate exhibited a good crystalline structure if compared with that deposited on ITO substrates. FTIR results confirmed the presence of SnS films at peaks 1384 and $560cm^{-1}$. SEM images revealed that SnS with sodium citrate on Cu substrate are well covered with a smooth and uniform surface morphology than deposited on ITO substrate. The direct band gap of the films is about 1.3 eV. p-type semiconductor conduction of SnS was confirmed by photoelectrochemical and Hall Effect measurements. Electrical properties of SnS films showed a low electrical resistivity of $30{\Omega}cm$, carrier concentration of $2.6{\times}10^{15}cm^{-3}$ and mobility of $80cm^2V^{-1}s^{-1}$.

• Nano
• /
• 제13권11호
• /
• pp.1850131.1-1850131.19
• /
• 2018

In this paper, an electrochemical sensor for epinephrine (EP), a neurotransmitter was developed by anchoring molecularly imprinted polymeric matrix (MIP) on the surface of gold-coated quartz crystal electrode of electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) using starch nanoparticles (Starch NP) - reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanocomposite as polymeric format for the first time. Use of EP in therapeutic treatment requires proper dose and route of administration. Proper follow-up of neurological disorders and timely diagnosis of them has been found to depend on EP level. The MIP sensor was developed by electrodeposition of starch NP-RGO composite on EQCM electrode in presence of template EP. As the imprinted sites are located on the surface, high specific surface area enables good accessibility and high binding affinity to template molecule. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and piezoelectrogravimmetry were used for monitoring binding/release, rebinding of template to imprinted cavities. MIP-coated EQCM electrode were characterized by contact angle measurements, AFM images, piezoelectric responses including viscoelasticity of imprinted films, and other voltammetric measurements including direct (DPV) and indirect (using a redox probe) measurements. Selectivity was assessed by imprinting factor (IF) as high as 3.26 (DPV) and 3.88 (EQCM). Sensor was rigorously checked for selectivity in presence of other structurally close analogues, real matrix (blood plasma), reproducibility, repeatability, etc. Under optimized conditions, the EQCM-MIP sensor showed linear dynamic ranges ($1-10{\mu}M$). The limit of detection 40 ppb (DPV) and 290 ppb (EQCM) was achieved without any cross reactivity and matrix effect indicating high sensitivity and selectivity for EP. Hence, an eco-friendly MIP-sensor with high sensitivity and good selectivity was fabricated which could be applied in "real" matrices in a facile manner.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.139-139
• /
• 2010

LSM is widely used as a cathode material in SOFC, because of its high electrochemical activity, good stability and compatibility with YSZ electrolyte at high temperature. However, LSM in traditional cathode materials will not generate a satisfactory performance at intermediate temperature. In order to reduce the polarization resistance of cell with the operating temperature of SOFC system, the cathode material of LSCF is one of the most suitable electrode materials because of its high mixed ionic and electronic conductivity. In this report, cathode material, $La_{0.6}Sr_{0.4}Co_{0.2}Fe_{0.8}O_3$ powder for intermediate temperature SOFC was synthesized by Pechini method using the starting materials such as nitrate of La, Sr, Co and Fe including ethylene glycol, etc. As a result, the synthesized powder that calcined above $700^{\circ}C$ exhibits successfully perovskite structure, indicating phase-pure of LSCF. Moreover, the particle size, surface area, crystal structure and morphology of the synthesized oxide powders were characterized by SEM, XRD, and BET, etc. In order to evaluate the electrochemical performance for the synthesized powder, slury mixture using the synthesized cathode material was coated by screen-printing process on the anode-supported electrolyte which was prepared by a tape casting method and co-sintering. Finally, electrochemical studies of the SOFC unit cell, including measurements such as power density and impedance, were performed.