• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.475-483
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• 2006

Purpose: The goal of this study was to investigate the factors influencing health promoting behaviors in elderly individuals according to types of residency. Method: This was a descriptive study. The subjects were comprised of 243 elderly aged 65 years or over living in 3 large cities. The instruments used for this study were a health promoting lifestyle, perceived health status, geriatric depression short form scale-Korea, social support scale, and self-efficacy. The data was analyzed using SPSS Win 12.0. Result: Powerful predictors of a health promoting lifestyle were depression, self-efficacy, and perceived health status for the elderly living at home. In the cases of the elderly living in institutions, a powerful predictor of a health promoting lifestyle was identified as social support. Conclusion: For the operation of long-term care insurance, a service for home care programs is needed for the elderly living at home in order to reduce depression and to increase self-efficacy and perceived health status. In addition, social support provided by health-care professionals should be developed to promote a healthy lifestyle for the elderly living in institutional environments.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.162-172
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• 2010

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationships among life satisfaction, activities of daily living, depression and health behavior in low income elderly living at home. Methods: Study participants were 455 elderly who were receiving home visit services from the Daegu Regional Office of Patriots and Veteran Affairs. Data were collected through personal interviews using questionnaires from July to August, 2010. Results: Average scores of ADL and IADL were 7.82 out of 21 and 12.67 out of 33 respectively, which indicate relatively independent to everyday life. Mean scores of depression, health behavior and life satisfaction were 8.61 out of 15, 88.14 out of 132 and 48.57 out of 60. There were significant relationships among the variables of life satisfaction, activities of daily living (ADL, IADL), depression and health behavior. A significant factor influencing life satisfaction was health behavior ($\beta$=.134, p=.020). Conclusion: The findings of this study would be a useful information for constructing an intervention program to care for elderly.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.167-191
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• 1989

The present study was conducted to devlop and appropriate retirement home model for the elderly in terms of clothing and textiles; nutrition, health, and foodservice; housing and environment; and psychological adaptation. Specifically, the purposes of the study were: 1) to provide basic guidelines for clothing by comparing the clothing behavior of the elderly living in the retirement home and those living in their own homes with family, 2) to provide basic guidelines for balanced diet and effective foodservice, 3) to develop an ideal life space and facilities, and 4) to assess the psychological characteristics of the elderly. Questionnaires, observation, experimental method, and survey of literature were used for the study. Clothing behavior showed that the elderly were much concerned about clothing, and they preferred comfortable as well as fashionable designs. The elderly in the retirement homes complained of a lack of quantity and variety in clothing. They preferred natural fiber rather than blended fabrics. Flame resistance, thermal insulation, and flexibility of textile fabrics were found to be prime considerations in manufacturing and selecting clothing materials for the elderly. The health status of the surveyed elderly was generally good, but some poor eating habits were observed. Dietary nutrients intakes were generally sufficient, but several nutrients intakes were insufficient. The level of equipment in the kitchens of the institutions was low. Furthermore, the employment rate of dietitians in institutional settings was extremely low. This resulted in a lack of systematic foodservice management. Residents in the institution were generally satisfied with present life space and facilities but this was mainly because of abandonment, adaptation, and past experience. Optimal allocation of residents per bedroom and an adequate design for storage, bathroom, utility room, and dining room were recommended. The comparison of psychological status of the elderly living at home was more stable than those living in an institution. The emotional state of the elderly living in the institution was characterized by loneliness; they did not have close interpersonal relationships or future plans. An appropriate model for the elderly was developed on the basis of these findings.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.351-361
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to explore whether there is a point within the range of physical impairment after which the cost of home care exceeds the cost of nursing home care among the elderly who require long-term care. The provision of long-term care for the elderly is a major health policy issue, in part due to the aging of the American population and dramatic increase in health care costs. The framework for this study was guided by Pollak's(1973)model of costs of alternative care settings for the elderly. This study used a retrospective, descriptive correlational design. Physical impairment was measured by the modified Index of Activities of Daily Living(Katz et al. 1963). Cost of care was measured by the average cost per patient per day. The sample for this study included 67 patients receiving long-term care at home from the Long-term Home Health Care Programs (LTHHCPs) and 67 patients receiving long-term care in nursing homes. Data were collected on patient characteristics. including activities of daily living and cognitive impairment. and on the number of physician visits. emergency room visits. and hospitalization from the patient records. For each patient. Medicaid cost data for home care services/or nursing home services were collected from the financial department of each home care agency or nursing home. The living costs and informal care costs were estimated for home care patients. The results indicated that the home care sample and the nursing home sample were similar in terms of gender. ethnic background. and marital status. The elderly patients in the home care sample were: however. younger and less physically impaired than those in the nursing home sample. The hypotheses of this study were supported: For elderly persons with physical impairment scores below 12(possible range of 0 to 14), cost of care was lower in home care than in the nursing home care setting. However, for elderly persons with physical impairment scores above 12. the cost of care was higher in home care than in the nursing home care setting. Thus. in this sample for elderly patients with extreme physical impairment, the cost of home care exceeded the cost of nursing home care.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2005

Korean society is experiencing rapid changes which are certain to shape the lives of the older people and their families. So, the purpose of this study was to improve the quality of the elderly welfare service in Korea. Even though the interest about the elderly welfare in Korea is rapidly on the increase, the reality of Korean Society still leaves much to be desired, quantitatively as well as qualitatively. Pay attent to this point, now going to grasp the situation of not the handicapped elder people but the general elder people actual life condition and demand for welfare. So this study focused on the demand of not out-of home service but in-home care service. It was based on the data from by Korea National Statistical Office, having observed 6,139 elderly people. The results were as follows. They hope to get the elderly welfare services about health examination service, nursing survice, supporting service for household. That was, the most of them wanted in-home care service than out-of home care service. To ensure effective care to the elderly, it needed development and settlement of welfare service in face of their daily living. And, even though they recognized that they should cover the elderly life expenses themselves, the rate was hit that indicated their adult children as a parents supporter. This means that we should consider not only to the elder people but also to the family which contained the old people as the elderly welfare service. As a remedy, we can find the cooperation between elder welfare service at the social welfare organization and counsel, education at the family strengthen center. To improve the quality of the elderly welfare service in Korea, the elderly welfare service should focus not only on the physical and spiritual health maintenance but also active understanding living environment and growing ability to arbitrate between individual and living.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.333-346
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to identify factors that influence depression for low-income elderly who live at home from the International Classification of Functioning model (ICF). Methods: The subjects were 205 elderly people living at home in two public health centers located in metropolitan cities. Subjects were divided according to their depression scores, which were measured using the GDS-short form, including normal, risk, and depression groups. Each variable was consistent with factors of the ICF model, including health condition, individual factors, environmental factors, body function, activities, and participation. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. ANOVA, $x^2$, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Multinomial logistic regression with IBM SPSS 21.0 were used for analysis of the data. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed among normal, risk, and depression groups regarding personal factors. Gender, education level, numbers of diseases, perceived health, life satisfaction, and social support were identified as the variables that had a significant impact on depression of low-income elderly living at home. Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that there is a need for construction and implementation of strategies that strengthen life satisfaction and social support in order to lower depression of low-income elderly.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제27권spc호
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• pp.625-634
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• 2016

This study aims to verify the effect of the rural community living home use through an analysis of depression among the elderly women who live alone in the rural community living home. A survey was conducted from July to September 2015 through direct interviews with 236 elderly people who live alone in community living homes at 52 locations across the country. The main results of this study are as follows. First, social support from family/relatives and neighbors/friends was found not to affect depression in the elderly living in community living homes. Second, satisfaction with health status, economic status and life appeared to affect their depression. This indicates the need for various measures to increase the subjective satisfaction of health. Third, when the demographic characteristics, social support and personal satisfaction were controlled, the period of use, satisfaction with use and operational service/no service were proven to have an impact on depression in the elderly living alone in community living homes. In other words, since the level of satisfaction with community living homes is very high and this has a positive impact on the elderly living in community living homes, it is desirable to have an ongoing policy for the homes to be utilized as important welfare resources. Based on these findings, this study proposes improvements in the user experience and programs and services offered for rural community living home business programs.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2022

Objective: This study aims to conduct a comprehensive review of monitoring systems to monitor and manage physical function of community-dwelling elderly living alone and suggest future directions of unobtrusive monitoring. Design: Literature review Methods: The importance of health-related monitoring has been emphasized due to the aging population and novel corona virus (COVID-19) outbreak.As the population gets old and because of changes in culture, the number of single-person households among the elderly is expected to continue to increase. Elders are staying home longer and their physical function may decline rapidly,which can be a disturbing factorto successful aging.Therefore, systematic elderly management must be considered. Results: Frequently used technologies to monitor elders at home included red, green, blue (RGB) camera, accelerometer, passive infrared (PIR) sensor, wearable devices, and depth camera. Of them all, considering privacy concerns and easy-to-use features for elders, depth camera possibly can be a technology to be adapted at homes to unobtrusively monitor physical function of elderly living alone.The depth camera has been used to evaluate physical functions during rehabilitation and proven its efficiency. Conclusions: Therefore, physical monitoring system that is unobtrusive should be studied and developed in the future to monitor physical function of community-dwelling elderly living alone for the aging population.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2003

Living arrangement is considered an important variable in discussing loneliness and the psychological state of the elderly. From this point of view, this study aimed at Identifying the effects of living arrangements, sociodemographic variables, social activities, and social psychological variables on the psychological loneliness of the rural elderly. Though hierarchical regression analyses. the predictors of loneliness among the rural elderly were identified as single/co-residence living arrangement(r=.49), sense of well-being based on respects for others' perspectives (r: -.22), needs for remarriage (r=.22), and work hours during off- farming season (r: -.19). The effects of living arrangement remained strong and were not influenced by the addition of sociodemographic variables, social activity variable, and social psychological variables. The feeling of loneliness of the elderly who were living alone was higher than among the elderly who were living with someone else. This finding suggests that the loneliness of the rural elderly derives primarily from the lack of family Interaction. Therefore, it is recommended that social welfare policies for the rural elderly be designed to improve their family and social interactions.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2015

Objective: The aim of this study is to find and propose the behavioral characteristic of the elderly at their living space through diary study. Background: Recent development of technology and the emergence of various IT devices is contributing to active research in smart home, services which considers the behavior characteristics of the elderly are still unable to be provided. Method: This study performed self-diary study method with ten households aged over 65 that lived in smart home. Based on these data collected from the diary study, six behavior characteristics of elderly were drawn. Results: The elderly were aware of their cognitive and physical limitations and showed fear. They are difficult to adapt in the state of the art. Their activities to acquire information were limited and were against changes, preferring to maintain the old ways. Conclusion: The result of this study, findings of behavioral characteristics of the elderly reveal that most of them spend their time on personal maintenance, socializing and leisure activities. Therefore, smart home services related to these characteristics should be considered as a top priority. Application: The results of the behavior characteristics can be utilized for planning out future smart home services and thereby contributing to increase in convenience and satisfaction of the elderly.