• Title/Summary/Keyword: effortful control

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Effect of Grit on relationship between Temperamental Effortful Control and Academic Failure Tolerance (아동기 통제 기질이 청소년기 학업적 실패내성에 미치는 영향에서 그릿의 매개효과)

  • Jang, Na Ri;Kwak, Keumjoo;Kim, Yeonsoo
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.9 no.9
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    • pp.329-335
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between children's Temperamental Effortful Control and adolescents' Academic failure tolerance(AFT). Specifically, Grit effect as a mediator between Effortful Control and AFT was also determined. A total of 108 children participated as they were at age 8, and as they turned 14 years old. Children Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) was measured to investigate children's Effortful Control, and Grit scale and AFT scale were measured to investigate adolescents' Grit and their response to failure. The results of this study showed that children's Effortful Control was significantly related to AFT. And adolescents' Grit was also positively related to adolescents' AFT. In addition, Effortful Control was related to Grit. Finally, Grit partly mediated the relationship between Effortful Control and AFT.

The Moderating effect of Maternal Emotion-Related Socialization Behaviors on the Relations Between Preschooler's Effortful control and Prosocial behavior (유아의 의도적 통제와 친사회적 행동 간의 관계에서 어머니 정서사회화 행동의 조절효과)

  • Lee, Yoon-jeong;Lim, Ji-young
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.1141-1154
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study examined the moderating effect of maternal emotion-related socialization behaviors on the relations between preschooler's effortful control and prosocial behavior. In this study, subjects were 153 preschoolers and their mothers. The major results were as follows; there was a moderating effect of maternal emotion-related socialization behaviors on the relationship between preschooler's effortful control and prosocial behavior. Specifically, maternal negative emotion expression and response to the preschooler's positive emotion moderated the effect preschooler's effortful control on prosocial behavior. In conclusion, the impact of effortful control on preschooler's prosocial behavior were significant. Also, maternal emotion-related socialization behaviors(i.e., negative emotion expression and response to the child's positive emotion) affected on preschooler's prosocial behavior. The findings of the study will contribute to help maternal emotional interaction with their preschool aged children.

The Influences of Effortful Control and Working Memory on Emotion Regulation in Preschool Children : The Analysis of Moderating Effect of Child Sex (유아의 의도적 통제와 작업기억이 정서조절에 미치는 영향 : 성의 조절효과 검증)

  • Choi, Eunah;Song, Hana
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.35 no.6
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    • pp.65-78
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between preschooler's sex, effortful control, working memory, and emotion regulation. The moderating effect of sex in the influences of effortful control and working memory on emotion regulation was also investigated. Eighty-eight children from the ages of 3 to 5 years participated in this study. A working memory task of the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children IV(K-WISC-IV; Kwak, Oh, & Kim, 2011) was administered to the children. Their parents completed a very short form of the Children's Behavior Questionnaire(Putnam & Rothbart, 2006) and Emotion Regulation Checklist(Shields & Cicchetti, 1997). The results indicated that effortful control significantly predicted emotion regulation. Additionally the moderating effect of sex on the relationship between working memory and emotion regulation was significant. Specifically, the influence of working memory on emotion regulation was significant only in boys, but not in girls. This result suggested that effortful control has an effect on emotion regulation in a stable manner whereas working memory has different effects on the influence of emotion regulation according to sex.

The Effects of Maternal Emotional Availability on Preschooler's Social Skills and Problem Behaviors: The Mediating Effects of Preschooler's Effortful Control (어머니의 정서적 가용성이 유아의 사회적 기술 및 문제행동에 미치는 영향: 유아 의도적 통제의 매개효과를 중심으로)

  • Moon, Young-Kyung;Lee, Young
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.50 no.1
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    • pp.103-119
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study was to explore the mediating effects of preschooler's effortful control on the relationship between maternal emotional availability and preschooler's social skills and problem behaviors. One hundred-thirty six 5-year-old preschoolers and their mothers participated in this study. Instruments for this study were the Emotional Availability Scale for maternal emotional availability, the Delay task, and the Child Behavior Questionnaire for preschooler's effortful control, and the Social Skill Rating Scale, K-CBCL 1.5-5 and K-TRF for preschooler's social skills and problem behaviors. The resulting data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, partial correlation, and structural equation modeling analysis. As predicted, the preschooler's effortful control mediated the effects of maternal emotional availability on preschooler's social skills and problem behaviors. In conclusion, the preschooler's effortful control mediates the effects of emotion related socialization behavior on the preschooler's socio-emotional adjustment.

Mother-Child Emotional Availability and Preschooler's preschool adjustment: - Mediating effect of preschooler's effortful control (어머니-유아의 정서적 가용성과 유아의 유아교육기관 적응 - 유아 의도적 통제의 매개효과 검증)

  • Moon, Young Kyung
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.15-29
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    • 2014
  • The purposes of this study were to explore the effect of mother-child emotional availability on preschooler's preschool adjustment and mediating effect of preschooler's effortful control on the relationship between mother child emotional availability and preschooler's preschool adjustment. 222 preschoolers(110 boys, 112 girls, aged 5) and their mothers participated in this study. Mother child emotional availability was assessed by Emotional Availability Scale(Biringen, et al., 1998). Preschooler's effortful control was measured by the Child Behavior Questionnaire(Rothbart, et al., 1994). Preschooler's school adjustment was measured by Teacher Rating Scale of School Adjustment: TRSSA(Buhs & Ladd, 2001). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlations, and structural equation modeling analysis. The major results of this study were as follows; First, Mother-child emotional availability effected on preschooler's preschool adjustment. Second, Mother-child emotional availability effected on preschooler's effortful control. Third, Preschooler's effortful control effected on preschooler's preschool adjustment. Forth, preschooler's effortful control mediated the effect of mother-child emotional availability on preschooler's preschool adjustment. That was, the more mother-child were emotionally available to each other, the more preschooler's effortfully control their attention and behavior, which in turn contributed to preschooler's preschool adjustment. In conclusion, mother-child emotional availability affect on preschooler's preschool adjustment and preschoolers control mediates the relationship between mother-child emotional availability and preschool adjustment.

Longitudinal Developmental Paths of Preschooler's External Problem Behaviors: Focusing on Maternal Depression, Marital Conflict, Maternal Social Parenting Style and Preschooler's Effortful Control in Infancy (유아기 외현화 문제행동의 종단적 발달경로: 영아기 어머니의 우울, 부부갈등, 어머니의 사회적 양육행동과 영아기 의도적 통제를 중심으로)

  • Moon, Youngkyung
    • Human Ecology Research
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    • v.57 no.3
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    • pp.431-444
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    • 2019
  • This study explored the longitudinal developmental paths of preschooler's external problem behaviors from infancy. Subjects consisted of 205 preschoolers (106 boys, 99 girls aged 4) and their mothers recruited for the 2009 in-depth Panel Study on Korean Children. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlations, and structural equation modeling using SPSS 18.0 (SPSS Co., Chicago, IL, USA), Amos 18.0 (SPSS Co., Chicago, IL, USA). The results were as follows: Maternal depression at preschooler's age 0 had a direct effect on maternal social parenting style at preschooler's age 0. Maternal social parenting style at preschooler's age 0 had a direct effect on preschooler's effortful control at age 1. Preschooler's effortful control at age 1 had a direct effect on preschooler's external problem behaviors at age 4. Marital conflict at preschooler's age 0 did not have a direct effect on preschooler's effortful control at age 1. The direct effects of maternal depression at preschooler's age 0 on preschooler's effortful control at age 1, and on preschooler's external problem behaviors at age 4 were not significant. In addition, direct effect of maternal social parenting style at preschooler's age 0 on preschooler's external problem behaviors at age 4 was not significant. This study showed that maternal psychological characteristics, marital conflict, maternal social parenting style and preschooler's effortful control in infancy should be considered simultaneously to explain the effect on preschooler's external problem behaviors.

Relations between Parents' Effortful Control, Parenting Behavior and Infants' Effortful Control (부모의 의도적 통제 및 양육행동과 영아의 의도적 통제 간의 관계)

  • Bae, Yun-Jin;Lim, Ji-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.50 no.2
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    • pp.53-64
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to study the associations between parents' effortful control (EC), their parenting behavior and infants' EC. Subjects of the present study were 55 infants and their parents. Parents who participated in this study replied to questionnaires, including ECBQ-SF, ATQ-SF and Parenting style scale. There was positive correlations between the parents' EC, affectionate parenting style and infants' EC by zero-order correlation. We also performed Mann-Whitney test on the acquired data and it showed significant differences in the infants' EC by their parents' EC and parenting behavior. More specifically, infants with more affectionate and permissive parents showed higher levels of EC. Finally, we performed a partial correlation analysis and its results revealed that the correlation coefficient between the parents' EC and the infants' EC decreased when the parenting style was controlled. These results are vital to have a better understanding on the developmental pathways to the EC.

The Effects of Maternal Parenting, Teacher-Child Closeness Relationships and Effortful Control on Young Children's Leadership (어머니의 양육행동과 교사-유아 친밀 관계 및 유아의 의도적 통제가 리더십에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Kyung Nim
    • Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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    • v.11 no.6
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    • pp.19-36
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    • 2015
  • This study examined the effects of young children's effortful control, maternal parenting and teacher-child closeness relationship on young children's leadership. The subjects of this study were 266, 4-5 year old children and their mothers and teachers. Young children's effortful control, maternal parenting, teacher-child relationship and leadership were assessed by mother's and teacher's report. The collected data were analyzed by means of Pearson's correlation and pathway analysis. The results were as follows: first, teacher-child closeness relationship was found to affect young children's leadership directly and indirectly through young children's effortful control. Second, maternal parenting was found to affect young children's leadership indirectly through young children's effortful control. Third, young children's effortful control was found to affect leadership directly and to have a mediating effect between maternal parenting and young children's leadership, and between teacher-child closeness relationship and young children's leadership. Additionally teacher-child closeness relationship was found to be the most important variable predicting young children's leadership. These findings suggest that teacher-child closeness relationship could be the most important means by which we could improve both young children's effortful control and leadership.

The Influence of Maternal Overprotective Parenting on the Externalizing Behaviors of Child with Disability : Testing the Moderated Mediation Effect of Child's Effortful Control through Defense Style of Mother and Child (장애아동의 외현화 행동에 어머니의 과보호 양육행동이 미치는 영향 : 어머니 및 아동의 방어유형에 의한 아동의 의도적 통제의 조절된 매개효과 검증)

  • Lee, Dong-Young
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.21 no.10
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    • pp.550-563
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    • 2021
  • This study recognizes that the externalizing problem behaviors of child with disabilities are the result of the social interaction between mother and child, and empirically verifies its systematic causal structure and multidimensional influence relationship. It was attempted to derive practical implications that can help the smooth normalization process of children's families. Therefore, 135 children with disabilities and their mothers selected by convenience sampling were targeted, and in the relationship between maternal overprotective parenting and externalizing behaviors of child, effortful control was used as a mediating variable, and defense style of mothers and children was used as a moderating variable. A Conditional Process Analysis(CPA) that can verify the moderated mediation Effect was performed by establishing a research model. As a result of the analysis, first, the overprotective parenting behavior of mother was statistically significant in both direct and indirect effects in increasing externalizing behaviors of child, and the mediation effect by effortful control was also statistically significant. Second, it was confirmed that the moderated mediation effect of effortful control by the mother's defense style was statistically significant, and the moderated mediation effect of effortful control by the child's defense style was not statistically significant. Based on the above results, assuming the importance of the influence of maternal parenting, a direct strategy for change in maternal overprotective parenting, child's Practical implications of parallel strategies with the tendency toward effective control and suboptimal strategies through the application of mothers' coping strategies were discussed.

Korean Mothers' Beliefs Regarding Toddlers' Temperament, and their Reactions to What they View as Desirable and Undesirable Behavior (걸음마기 영아의 기질적 특성에 관한 어머니의 신념과 반응)

  • Yun, Ki Bong;Park, Seong Yeon
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.103-121
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study was to explore Korean mothers' beliefs regarding their toddlers' temperament, including what they believe constitutes desirable and undesirable behavior, and their resulting reactions. Data were collected int the process of interviewing 50 Korean mothers of toddlers (whose average age was 34.1 Months, and of which 54% were boys). Results revealed that mothers considered 'High-Sociality', 'Positive Affect' and 'High-Effortful Control' as desirable temperaments, whereas 'Negative Affect', 'Under-Effortful Control' and 'Low Sociality' were considered to be undesirable temperaments for toddlers. Mothers cited the importance of child 'Sociality' and 'Development', 'Easiness of Parenting' and 'Child Happiness' as the reasons for their beliefs. While, they considered 'Negative Affect', 'Under-Effortful Control' and 'Low Sociality' to be undesirable temperaments, citing 'Sociality', 'Difficulty of Parenting', 'Development' and 'Child Safety' as the reasons. Finally, mothers were more likely to give verbal encouragement or physical encouragement such as hugging, in responding to desirable behavior on the part of their child, whereas they were more likely to give firm inhibition, reasoning or inconsistent reaction to their child's undesirable behavior. Many of the mothers' beliefs varied depending on the child's gender. Results were discussed in relation to cultural perspectives.