• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.158-175
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to understand and improve the clothing habits and the apparel industry of North Korea in preparation for the reunification of South and North Korea. For this study, literary data, reports, periodicals, interviews and internet data of the two Koreas were reviewed. North Korean clothing habits used to be monotonous and uniform but nowadays people's clothes have become somewhat brighter in color and more diverse in design than before. In particular, liberal and individual dressing habits appeared among the privileged classes. When taking part in national events, women have to wear the traditional Korean costume, Hanbok, while men wear business suits for formal wear. In general, men don't wear Hanbok. Students have to be in uniforms but blue jeans, T-shirts with English logos were popular among them reflecting their sensitivity and openness towards western cultures. The brides usually wear pink Hanboks and the bridegrooms wear black business suits for their wedding. North Koreans also wear Hanbok on national holidays like South Koreans. Clothing is the most important item in the trade of process commission between North and South Korea. Trading items are mid to low end men's clothing for the most part due to less emphasis on fashion in the North. The processing is indirect trade and composed of sample making and contracting, sending out materials and production, carrying in goods and setting accounts. To activate South-North trade, establishment of infrastructure, stabilization of shipping, reducing high costs of distribution, building direct communication system by setting up office in a neutral zone and simplifying procedures in applying for the South and North Korea Economic Cooperation Fund. On the other hand, clothing and textiles education is carried on at art colleges, light industries colleges and commercial colleges in Pyongyang. Clothing institutes which study Hanbok and Western clothes, are installed in each city and province. Graduates who majored in clothing and textiles are posted in institutes or apparel factories. Their job is designing, patternmaking and sewing for their customers. Most of them are women and in good state of economic conditions. The North Korean clothing industry has been the core national industry that has developed based on overseas demand form the mid 1980s. The standard is that of South Korea in the early 1980s. In 1999, trade of North Korean textile products with trade counterparts such as Japan and China was $1.3 million in exports and $1.27 in imports. Of this amount the export takes up 25.4% of the total exports in North Korea. However, fundamentally even in sectors that are irrelevant to politics such as the fashion clothing industry, trust between the South and North should be a prerequisite. Only through this can exchange between North and South and economic cooperation contribute towards the reunification.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.415-437
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• 2011

The increased interest in consumer health information(CHI) has brought about a rapid increase in CHI resources. There are diverse means for obtaining such information, and one CHI acquisition route is the public library. In the U.S. public libraries, the demand for CHI reference services is increasing, and a variety of projects to promote these services are in progress. On the other hand, Korean public library services for CHI is at a very basic level, and thus a very small amount of such research could be found. This study drew suggestions from a literature review of research studies in the U.S. and Canada, and analyzed public library CHI services in Korea. The findings are as follows. 1) Only 17.25% of public libraries in Korea provided CHI service, and it evidences very low needs and awareness for CHI services in Korea. 2) Only three kinds of services including CHI-related websites, users training, and promotional and marketing were provided, and only 13(1.74%) of libraries surveyed offered more than two kinds of services. 3) There were no CHI librarians, nor did any librarians receive CHI-related education. 4) ILL services, outreach services, and cooperation with CHI- and medical-related institutions for CHI services were not found. Therefore, this study suggests that more research on delivery strategies for CHI services should be conducted in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.126-142
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• 1997

For last four or five years, the number of Korean students have gone on increasing awfully. After the year 1997 when they will flow in, our field and government will be undergone a big shock and social problems. Therefore, thorough grasping and the method of provision is expeced to need. 1. The situation, According to the data published from the year 1993 to 1997, their results are great different. But recent Korean embassy in China examined the situation of the Korean students, whose result was investigated as follows: about 1500 persons, their average age is 24 to 44, the ratio of male and female students is 3 to 1, that of their academic background which is a graduate of university : that of college : that of highschool is 1.6 : 1 : 4.7, and that of their class attitude which is direct : common : indirect appears the percents 30.4 : 52.8 : 16.8. 2. The controversial points (1) A lowering of standards on Chinese medical treatment is expected by the imprudent studying abroad without qualification. And because of excessive production of herb doctors, the amount of treatment may be above people's demand. Besides owing to the impossibility of prediction on the number the counterplans of our government may fall into utler confusion. (2) The curriculum, the teaching schedule and contents are so different that the graduates seem not to be given real education of chinese medicine from the point of Korean view. (3) In the wrong national examination, the important thought of china, and the system of WTO in Korea, when China will become mighty rival above problems contain the negative sides. 3. The counterplans - what should be performed soon. (1) Illegal contents about studying abroadl in China ought to inform sidely that students might not go on increasing. Before they form nam-power, the government and the field of chinese medicine should cope with such a situation together. (2) The law of regulation about agents should be legislated and they should be surpervised. (3) The exact numbers of students, their situation, and the present condition of each university should be examined. (4) After investigating the problems of the present system of national test, its enforcement and many counterplans is requisite. (5) The cooperating confrontation with the conference of dentistry is in need. (6) Since the problems are possibility to be developed to diplomatic questions, the effort of both nations is needful. - what need middle of long time. (1) The effort that suppress the more establishment of the college of oriental medicine is necessary. (2) After comparing with the system of foreign test, the government should make the system of test in accord with the mutualism and the principle of indiscrimination among nations and cope with such a many issues thoroughly.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.3 s.120
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• pp.453-467
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• 2007

This study has shown that geography teachers need the professionalism in a Teaching and learning aspect. Together with the transition of epistemology and the operation of the Subject Matter-based curriculum, etc the demand for professionalism of teachers is much higher than ever. But the less discussion about what the professionalism of geography teachers based on subject traits and its components are has been mentioned. Especially the previous studies related with geography teachers usually distinguished the contents from the methods in the geography teaching in a dichotomy and tried to apply to a class model in the theoretical aspects, so they $didn't^{\circ}{\varnothing}t$ present the enough measures to improve the professionalism of geography teachers in the synthetic aspects. In this study, after I found the components of professionalism required to geography teachers in a teaching and learning, I tried to present measures to improve the professionalism of geography leathers in the macroscopic aspects. The geography teacher should be a teacher to design a region as a process than a result, and a teacher as a reflective practitioner than a technical practitioner. The improvement of professionalism should be achieved through the process of cooperation with an educational reflection in the individual aspects.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.99-109
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• 2020

What sports have in common is that they must use their bodies to play and lead to victory. The use of the body differs in many ways depending on the event, which part should be used as the focus. The commonality of all sports is that sports can achieve the best results by using and using parts of the body in harmony. The use of strength or muscles varies depending on the type of sport or the type of sport, so the use of the body or the results of athletic events also varies. Sports are premised on the organic use of the body, but the implications of sports can be found in that the degree of organic use does not apply equally to all sports. Sports demand organic balance and flexibility. Depending on the type of sport, you can explore which organic harmony produces more effective effects and find out which events are more beneficial to the human body. This study aimed to find out whether the organic harmony of the body actively contributes to the development of sports and a healthy mental culture. In this study, we proposed the hypothesis that the modern Pentathlon will induce the most desirable organic harmony as a global Olympic sport, and tried to verify that the hypothesis is valid and verifiable. In order to do this study, I tried to find out the organic viewpoints centered on the Miletos school, re-examine the meaning of the modern Pentathlon of games as an Olympic event, and conduct organic harmony and exploration of the modern Pentathlon of games in terms of sports.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2020

Family companies are the unique industry-academic cooperation-related systems of Korean universities created by universities to promote various forms of industry-academic cooperation with companies. It is important to figure out the current status of family companies in order to understand the achievements of industrial-academic cooperation projects that have been actively pursued since the early 2000s. A lot of studies on industry-academic cooperation have focused mainly on the university's position. On the contrary, this study focuses on understanding the current status of the family company system and the status of industry-academic cooperation. Introduced in 2004, the Family Company System expanded rapidly as it was used as a performance indicator for college financial support projects related to industry-academic cooperation, with 174,425 companies registered as family companies as of 2017. A survey of family companies registered in universities carrying out the LINC+ project shows that companies registered in multiple universities are increasing, with relatively high demand and satisfaction for industry-academic cooperation among companies. Family companies were found to be relatively satisfied in terms of the use of R&D equipment or joint research, while they were relatively less satisfied in terms of workforce training and retraining. While companies have assessed product quality improvements through industry-academic cooperation, they have underestimated the effect of increasing sales and reducing production costs. Further, it was found that it was urgent to expand incentive systems and improve online information services to boost corporate participation in order to enhance the effectiveness of industry-academic cooperation.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.387-393
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• 2008

This study was undertaken to determine the halitosis status of urban area in Dae-Gu city. The sample of this study consisted of 332 persons who lived at Dae-Gu city. The results were as follows. 1. The persons consisted of 44.6% male and 55.4% female. The 32.5 % persons were under 38 years and 82.2% of persons were married. 2. The 26.8% persons answered the last meal time was before 1-2 hours and 63.3% persons answered middle halitosis. The 26.3% persons answered the time of worst halitosis was after breakfast and 33.1% persons answered the smell type of halitosis was nasty smell. The 11.4% persons experienced dental treatment for halitosis, and 63.9% persons required dental treatment for halitosis. 3. The 100 ppb~149 ppb concentration of halitosis was 156 persons. Over 150 ppb concentration of halitosis was 54 persons. The average of halitosis concentration was 122.76 ppb and, the 63.3% persons required halitosis management and treatment. An aged persons of the halitosis concentration was significantly increased than younger persons (p < 0.05). Higher smell preception of halitosis was significantly increased in halitosis concentration test practically (p < 0.001). Subjects who treated dental treatment for halitosis was significantly increased (p < 0.01). This study results have informed that the knowledge and management of halitosis was demand and required public relation for halitosis. The halitosis management and education program will improve the oral health. Therefore halitosis management program which based on data collection and planning will be developed and activated in further study.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.78-89
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• 2009

As 'design for all' and 'adaptable design', universal design is highly demanded to be adopted in neighborhood forest trail. The research areas were Mt. Doeum in Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk Province and Mt. Anma in Chuncheon, Gangwon Province which were equipped based on 7 principles of universal design. The purpose of this research is providing baseline data for effective formulation of forest trail using universal design through visitors' evaluation on forest trail facilities by importance-performance analysis. Visitor's evaluation was achieved through questionnaire survey, and total 247 pieces of subjects were used for the analysis, 114 pieces from Mt. Doeum in Pohang and 113 pieces from Mt. Anma in Chuncheon. The residential areas of the respondents were mainly near each mountain - Mt. Doeum and Mt. Anma. According to the responses, nature study and education were the biggest reasons for the respondents' visits to Mt. Doeum, and so was the health to Mt. Anma, which are representative types of visiting behavior to nearby forest trails. The mean of importance was shown to be 3.87 while that of performance was 4.04, being a little higher than importance's, in importance-performance analysis of Mt. Doeum. This result suggests that the responders placed positive value on the forest trail applying universal design. It is necessary to improve the safety and convenience of guidance-safety handrail, make information sign easy to understand, and introduce an interpretive sign meeting the visiting purposes of visitors. Also, the management to make the road surface flat is in demand for the accessibility to forest trail. The mean of importance was 3.92 and that of performance was 3.99 in Mt. Anma, which suggests the necessity of improvement in safety of pavement material and boundary safety facilities.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.314-325
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• 2002

The aims of this study is to find the facts of regional inequality and to suggest the desirable location of educational facilities and its related policies through the analysis of the distributional characteristics of high schools in Daegu viewing from public service facilities. The results are as follows. As of 2000 year, there are 76 high schools in operation in Daegu. The number of private high schools is more than that of national public ones in terms of their founders, and the number of general high schools outnumbers that of vocational high schools by their operational types. As a whole, the distribution of schools in Daegu is closely related to the population distribution(redistribution). In case of high schools, it shows that there is severe unevenness between demand and supply of educational facilities per district. The regional inequality of school facilities is getting worse by transfer and new establishment; inter-district transfer is mainly caused by the redistribution of population while intra-district transfer is accelerated by the pressure on better use of land. Recently there is a tendency that schools are newly established by public sector(national public schools) rather than by private sector(private schools). And the predilection or avoidance of a certain area in the process of choosing the site for transfer or new establishment of schools lead to inequality of education opportunities per district. In conclusion, the educational facilities should firstly be placed in the practice of public service facilities in terms of public welfare as well as the convenience of residents and regional inequality. Consequently, both construction of new high schools and the relocation of existing high schools have to be further activated. To achieve them, the role of public actions is particularly more important than that of private ones.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.80-92
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• 2017

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the meaning of students' experience participating in the flipped learning based instruction in sensory integration, and to understand the demand and introspection of participants. Methods : This study used a phenomenological approach of qualitative study. The participants were 10 students in 3rd year of the occupational therapy program in K Univeristy. Data information was collected by one-to-one interview and analyzed through phenomenological research method. Results : Through the interview, 20 units of meaning, 8 central meanings, and 3 themes were drew. The information collected were analyzed into three themes; Learning Experiences in Online and Offline Courses, Request and Introspection of Learners on Flipped Learning. The result showed that online courses brought learners convenience and satisfaction with repeatable learning in every time and space the learner want. However, the learners appealed issues of communication and concentration due to the absence of face-to-face instruction by their instructor. For the offline courses, students showed interest in various practical classwork of sensory integration and changes in their attitude to actively engage in the practical classes. Conclusion : Flipped learning based instruction was effective for the sensory integration classes which require practice in terms of time securement and immersion in practice. The learners requested for adopting flipped learning based instruction to other subjects in occupational therapy curriculum, and introspected that they needed to actively engage in classes through the experience of flipped learning-based classes of sensory integration. The results of this study can be used as a basic resource when flipped learning classes are planned in occupational therapy education.