• Plant Resources
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.42-48
• /
• 1999

This study was undertaken to examine the feasibility of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) as substrates for several edible mushrooms. For the cultivation of several edible and/or medicinal fungi on black locust, optimum bulk densities, synthetic or semisynthetic additives, natural additives and pretreatment methods were investigated. Fruit body yields of the fungi on various sawdust media composed of different wood species were also analyzed for testing the capability of black locust as a substrate for mushroom production. Mycelial growths decreased proportional when the bulk density increased. The most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources as additives to promote the mycelial growth were sucrose (2%, w/w) and ammonium phosphate (0.2%, w/w) respectively. When corn-powder and beer-waste as natural additives were added to sawdust of black locust showed the significant growth of mycelia. And the optimum mixing ratio was 10:2:1 (sawdust: corn-powder: beer-waste, w/w). Black locust after cold water treatment showed the outstanding mycelial growths. Any significant changes of pH, moisture content (%) and dry-weight losses (%) could not be found among culture substrates (sawdust of black locust, oak and poplar wood) examined before and after harvesting of fruit bodies. Yield of fruit bodies on black locust culture media were comparable with those culture media composed with oak and poplar wood. The present work indicated strongly the potentiality of black locust as raw materials for edible and medicinal mushrooms.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.166-170
• /
• 2016

Ectomycorrhizal fungi are associated with plants roots and acquire significant amounts of nitrogen sources from the soil. For artificial cultivation, mass production of ectomycorrhizal fungi in liquid media is required. We studied the edible ectomycorrhizal mushrooms Hygrophorus russula, Ramaria fumigata, Sarcodon aspratus, and Tricholoma matsutake. All strains except S. aspratus NIFoS 2031 grew generally well on modified Melin-Norkran's (MMN) medium compared to on other media. All strains analyzed in this study showed significantly higher growth on organic nitrogen. Specifically, two strains of H. russula significantly responded to both tryptone and neopeptone media. Among different species and strains, there were clear differences in the capacity to grow on animal-based organic nitrogen sources.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제42권6호
• /
• pp.991-995
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 곡류 및 두류를 이용하여 식용 가능한 젖산균 모배양용 식용배지를 개발하고자 실시하였다. 식용 배지의 제조를 위하여 곡류는 발아현미, 찰현미, 발아찰현미를 사용하였고, 두류는 대두콩(대두콩, 껍질을 제거한 대두콩, 발아 대두콩, 껍질을 제거한 발아 대두콩)과 검은 대두콩(검은 대두콩, 껍질을 제거한 검은 대두콩, 발아 검은 대두콩, 껍질을 제거한 발아 검은 대두콩)으로 나누어서 젖산균 증식배지를 제조하였다. 실험에 사용된 젖산균은 Lactobacillus(Lb.) farciminis, Lb. homohiochii, Lb. pentosus, Lb. plantarum, Leuconostoc(Leu.) paramesenteroides, Leu. citreum 및 Leu. lactis 총 7종이다. 곡류를 이용한 식용배지에서 배양한 경우, 7개 종균의 평균 균수는 7.6~8.0 log CFU/mL의 균수를 나타내었다. 대두콩으로 제조한 식용배지는 껍질을 제거한 발아 대두콩 배지에서 대부분의 균이 높은 증식량을 나타내었다. 특히 Lb. plantarum은 10.08 log CFU/mL로 가장 높은 균수를 보였다. 검은 대두콩의 경우는 껍질을 제거한 발아 검은 콩배지에서 증식량이 많았다. Lb. homohiochii는 껍질제거 발아 검은 콩배지에서 9.90 log CFU/mL로 가장 많은 증식량을 보였다. 모든 결과에서 곡류와 두류를 이용한 식용배지를 이용하여 배양할 때 젖산균 증균량이 우수함을 알 수 있었고, 특히 가장 증식량이 우수한 '껍질을 제거한 발아 검은 대두콩' 식용 배지를 향후 젖산균 모배양에 이용하는 것을 권장한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.29-32
• /
• 1962

(1) 자연상태(自然常態)에서 활엽수(闊葉樹) 기주(寄主) 선택성(選擇性)인 목재(木材) 부후성(腐朽性) 식용균(食用菌) 6종(種)을 골라 소나무 톱밥을 재료(材料)로 하여 배양(培養) 실험(實驗)했다. (2) 소나무톱밥만을 단용(單用)한 배지(培地)에서는 pholiota squarrsa를 제외(除外)한 다른 균류(菌類)의 균계(菌系) 신장(伸長)은 보다 조해(阻害)되고 있다. (3) 광당전즙(光糖煎汁) 가용(加用)톱밥 배지(培地)에서는 추출(抽出) 처리구(處理區) 및 무처리구(無處理區) 어느 경우(境遇)나 균계(菌系) 신장(伸長)은 거의 차이(差異) 없이 호양(好良)하다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.227-233
• /
• 1996

Tyrosinase is an enzyme which catalyzes an enzymatic browning of some foods and in vivo synthesis of melanin. In order to produce natural and edible inhibitor of the enzyme which is expected to have whitening effect on melanogenesis, a microorganism was selected from fermented foods. It was named as NU-7, and cultured in mushroom (Lentinus edodes, Shiitake) media. Optimal media to produce tyrosinase inhibitor was formulated by varing nitrogen or carbon content. If glucose content was in a range of 3-20% and ammonium sulfate was in a range of 0-0.25%, production of inhibitor was independent of cell mass. Addition of ammonium sulfate as a nitrogen source had little effect on inhibitor production. Production of inhibitor (Y) was proportionally related to shiitake content (X) with a regression equation of Y= -0.96X$^{2}$ + 13.07X + 14.43 (R = 0.96). These results indicate that shiitake and glucose are necessary for the production of tyrosinase inhibitor. In the analysis of mycotoxin in culture broth, aflatoxin was not detected, suggesting that it would be probably edible.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.15-18
• /
• 2005

Macrolepiota procera, one of edible mushrooms belongs to Agaricaceae of Basidiomycota, has a good taste and good medicinal value. As a preliminary study for the development of artificial cultivation method of edible mushroom, cultural characteristics of M. procera was investigated on various culture media under different environmental conditions. Mycelial growth was compared on culture media composed of various carbon and nitrogen sources, and C/N ratios. The optimal conditions for the mycelial growth were $30^{\circ}C$ and pH 7. M. procera showed the rapid mycelial growth in the PDA media. The optimal carbon and nitrogen sources were maltose and glycine, respectively. The optimum C/N ratio was about 10 : 1 in case that 1% glucose was supplemented to the basal media as carbon source.

• ALGAE
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.163-168
• /
• 2009

Grateloupia filicina (J.V. Lamouroux) C. Agardh (Halymeniaceae, Cryptonemiales, Rhodophyta) is an edible seaweed as well as an important source of carrageenan. In the present study, attempt has been made to develop a suitable protocol for effective regeneration of the seaweed and the rapid multiplication of the desired varieties. The young upright thallus of G. filicina was grown in axenic culture using both solid and liquid media. The various media tested were f/2, Provasoli’s Enriched Seawater (PES) and Enriched Seawater (ESW). The effect of glycerol (as a carbon source) and various plant growth regulators i.e. auxin (NAA) and cytokinins (Kinetin and BA) were tested. Although, regeneration of young thalli was observed from the cut ends in all the media, better growth was found in f/2, PES, f/2 (0.5% Glycerol), f/2 (NAA ${10^{-5}}_M)\;and\;f/2\;(BA\;{10^{-6}}_M$). On the other hand callusing was observed only in solid media supplemented with low concentration of Glycerol (0.5%) in f/2, NAA ${10^{-5}}_M\;in\;f/2,\;PES\;and\;BA\;{10^{-5}}_M$ in f/2. Young thalli were developed from the callus sub culture after 40 days of inoculation.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.92-95
• /
• 2011

Lignosus rhinocerus is a macrofungus that belongs to Polyporaceae and is native to tropical regions. This highly priced mushroom has been used as folk medicine to treat diseases by indigenous people. As a preliminary study to develop a culture method for edible mushrooms, the cultural characteristics of L. rhinocerus were investigated in a range of culture media under different environmental conditions. Mycelial growth of this mushroom was compared on culture media composed of various carbon and nitrogen sources in addition to C/N ratios. The optimal conditions for mycelial growth were $30^{\circ}C$ at pH 6 and 7. Rapid mycelial growth of L. rhinocerus was observed on glucose-peptone and yeast extract peptone dextrose media. Carbon and nitrogen sources promoting mycelial growth of L. rhinocerus were glucose and potassium nitrate, respectively. The optimum C/N ratio was approximately 10 : 1 using 2% glucose supplemented as a carbon source in the basal media.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제44권4호
• /
• pp.283-290
• /
• 2016

A double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) mycovirus was detected in malformed fruiting bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus strain ASI2792, one of bottle cultivated commercial strains of the edible oyster mushroom. The partial RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene of the P. ostreatus ASI2792 mycovirus (PoV-ASI2792) was cloned, and a cDNA sequences alignment revealed that the sequence was identical to the RdRp gene of a known PoSV found in the P. ostreatus strain. To investigate the symptoms of PoV-ASI2792 infection by comparing the isogenic virus-free P. ostreatus strains with a virus-infected strain, isogenic virus-cured P. ostreatus strains were obtained by the mycelial fragmentation method for virus curing. The absence of virus was verified with gel electrophoresis after dsRNA-specific virus purification and Northern blot analysis using a partial RdRp cDNA of PoV-ASI2792. The growth rate and mycelial dry weight of virus-infected P. ostreatus strain with PoV-ASI2792 mycovirus were compared to those of three virus-free isogenic strains on 10 different media. The virus-cured strains showed distinctly higher mycelial growth rates and dry weights on all kinds of experimental culture media, with at least a 2.2-fold higher mycelial growth rate on mushroom complete media (MCM) and Hamada media, and a 2.7-fold higher mycelial dry weight on MCM and yeast-malt-glucose agar media than those of the virus-infected strain. These results suggest that the infection of PoV mycovirus has a deleterious effect on the vegetative growth of P. ostreatus.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 1981

Three edible species and one species utilized as drug were selected from wild mushrooms collected from mountains and fields throughout Korea during 1977 to 1979 for artificial cultivation. The media, MES for G. lucidum, MHS for P. rudis and MSES and MHS for P. adipose and Pluteus sp. were selected. The range of optimum pH was 4.0 to 5.0 in citric acid-sodium phosphate dibasic for the tested species. The range of optimum temperature for the mycelial growth of G. lucidum and P. adiposa was 25 to 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 30 to 35$^{\circ}C$ for P. rudis and Pluteus sp. For the moisture content 75 to 80% (w/w) in the substrates, the mycelial growth of most tested species was rapid. As the spawning substrates, poplar sawdust for G. lucidum and Pluteus sp., oak sawdust for P. rudis and wheat for P. adipose were selected, respectively. In this experiment, the fruit bodies of all tested species were appeared. Among them, G. lucidum for medicinal purpose and P. adiposa and Pluteus sp. for sources of new edible mushrooms seems to be possible. However, the sporophores of P. rudis were not adequate as an edible mushroom for the commercial due to the leathery flesh.